developing comprehension skills

8/18/2019 Developing Comprehension Skills

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DEVELOPING

COMPREHENSION

SKILLS


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W H AT I S C O M P R E H E N S I O N ?

It is a “construction process”

because it involves all of theelements of reading processworking together as a text isread to create a representation

of the text in the reader’s mind.


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LEVELS OFCOMPREHENSION

Literal Level (Reading the Lines

requires the readers to remember orrecall facts explicitly or directly found inthe material read.

Noting details

equencing events

!ssociating quotations with speakers"etc.


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Inter!retative Level "r In#erential(Reading $et%een the Lines

requires the readers to look for impliedinformation in the selection.

#etting the main idea$aking inferences

%redicting outcomes

Identifying cause&e'ect relationship

drawing conclusionsgenerali(ations

ummari(ing


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Criti&al Level "r Eval'ative

(Reading e)"nd the Lines

takes place when readers

evaluate the materials read" gives )udgment or opinions on ideasread using his prior knowledge orbackground experience in relationto the information read.


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*valuating author’s

style and purpose+istinguishing facts

from opinions" etc.


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Integrative Level

relating the readers’

previous ideas to the newones" and associating readingwith self and life


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Creative Level

Illustrating ideas andevents" and making newsequels of a story" etc.


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STUDY SKILLS

AND

AESTHETIC READING


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ST*+, S-ILLS

,sed to gather information&one must have knowledge on thee'ective use of the library whichis supposed to be the mainsource of printed references


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,sed for information to be

organi(ed and to do this" itrequires knowledge ofsummari(ing" outlining and

note& taking.


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N-*& !/IN#

It is the recording of the

important items of information forfuture use.

#*N*0!1 #,I+* 2-0 N-*&!/IN#

2irst" read carefully allheadings to understand thepurpose of the writing and its

organi(ation.


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If the material is not di'iculttake the notes as you read.hese words should consistsmainly of key words" that is"important words that willremind you of the ideas that youwant to remember.

If the material is di'icult" reada section through3 then takenote as you pre& read it.


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+istinguish between important

and minor ideas. If you arereading a selection for speci4cpurpose" distinguish between the

idea that 4ts on your purpose"and those that do not.

$ake use of topic sentences to

4nd and understand the mainideas for your notes.


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-,1ININ#

It is the skeletal framework of your

paper. It helps you organi(e the ideasand information you collected from

di'erent reading materials. ince the

main concern or purpose of the outline

is to show relationships among various

ideas" you must" then" make an outline

that is clear" logical" and orderly.


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!n outline may be any of

the following5 t"!i& "'tline.senten&e "'tline. or !aragra!h "'tline/ 6ecausethe ideas in the outline arecategori(ed as ma)or orminor" you must then devise a

numbering technique thatwill show not only theirdi'erences" but also their

similarities.


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7- $*8-+ IN N,$6*0IN# !N-,1IN*

TRA+ITIONAL

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EFFERENT

READING

VIA

INFORMATIONAL

MATERIALS


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0*2*0*N9* 6--/

! speci4c kind ofpublication which has beenplanned and written to beconsulted for items ofinformation" rather than readthroughout.


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#*N*0!1 0*2*0*N9* 6--/

+I9I-N!0:& provides informationabout words& meaning" origin"pronunciation" syllabication" usage andcurrent status.

*N9:91-%*+I!& gives an overview ofa topic" including de4nition" description"

background and bibliographicalreferences.


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IN+*;& points out whereinformation can be found. ! listof items


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8!N+6--/& literally a small bookwhich can be held conventionally inthe hand" provides miscellaneousitems of information.

!1$!N!9& originally a pro)ectionof the coming year by days" months"

holidays" and weather forecasts. !collection of miscellaneous facts and

statistical information.


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6I-#0!%8I9!1 +I9I-N!0:& acollection of sketches by varyinglengths about the lives ofindividuals" arranged

alphabetically by surname.+I0*9-0:& lists the namesand addresses of persons"organi(ations or institutions.


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!1!& a volume of maps" plates or

charts" with or without explanatory text.#!>***0& a volume which providesgeographical information and data

about places.

6I61I-#0!%8:& a list of books andother materials which have somerelationship to each other. he materialslisted are described as to author" title"

publisher" price and number of pages.


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,6?*9 0*2*0*N9* 6--/

hose in which the material isdevoted to a speci4c sub)ectarea" such as literature" art" orhistory.

developing comprehension skills

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