design series: commercial, retail & leisure -...

Commercial, Retail & Leisure

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Introduction and services 3

Commercial project selector 4 -5

Design considerations

Acoustic 6-7

Fire 8-11

Strength, robustness and finish 12-13

Fixings 14-15

Specification tips 16

Knauf Drywall expertise 17

Airports and transport 18-19

Cinemas and theatres 20-21

Hotels 22-23

Offices 24-25

Retail 26-27

Stadia and leisure 28-29

Student accommodation 30-31

Knauf Drywall Commercial, Retail & Leisure ExpertiseBuildings for use in the commercial, retail and leisure sectors present a wide

range of drywall design challenges due to their individual requirements for

aesthetics, acoustic performance, fire performance and robustness. In certain

situations, specific attention must be given to heavy fixings to walls, through-the-

wall security and resistance to crowd pressure. In addition to designing rooms

and areas for specific purposes, consideration should also be given to the

potential for future alterations to the use and layout of internal areas.

This guide offers advice on the various design considerations and technical

requirements specific to these building types, and details our expertise in

supporting and adding value to drywall projects throughout the sectors. It is,

however, merely a taste of the whole service which Knauf Drywall can offer.

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Customer Service 0800 521 050 Technical Service email [email protected] Technical Service 01795 416259 Website www.knaufdrywall.co.uk

INTRODUCTION AND SERVICES

Knauf Drywall systems – delivering solutions to meetcustomer needsKnauf is a family owned companywith approximately 18,000employees worldwide.

Founded originally in Germany in1932, Knauf entered the UK marketin 1988 and was rebranded KnaufDrywall in 2003.

With two major manufacturing sitesin the UK, Knauf Drywall is one ofthe leading suppliers of gypsumbased materials in the UK. The UKmanufacturing facilities are set up to adapt quickly to changingrequirements and to offer maximumflexibility to suit specific needs. Allproduction has the assurance ofquality to BS EN ISO 9001: 2000.

ServiceAt Knauf Drywall we understandand deliver the high level of servicethat our customers need and expect.Our flexible approach means thatwe do whatever we can to help,working within the framework of ourcustomer’s business.

On large developments, our Projectand Specification Managers are onhand to guide and assist, visiting siteas necessary throughout the durationof the project. With additionalsupport from our dedicated technicalhelpline, you are guaranteed arapid response to help solve anyproblems you may encounter.

Contact Knauf Drywall TechnicalServices on 01795 416259 forassistance with your project.

Technical excellenceWe are committed to continually providing superior, innovativetechnical solutions, not only with our products but with revolutionarysupport tools for our customers, suchas our award winning websitewww.knaufdrywall.co.uk/themanual.

QualityWe take pride in the products andservice we provide and recognisethat the measure of quality willalways be judged through the eyes of our customers. To this end,Knauf Drywall is committed tocontinually improving not only itsproducts but also the performance of the business.

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SYSTEM APPLICATION

Knauf Drywall recognises that every commercial project presents unique

challenges, such as mixtures of high acoustic and impact performance,

the use of special finishes combined with high levels of fire resistance,

and a diverse range of fixing requirements.

To help you navigate this guide, some typical commercial building types

are shown in the context of a ‘cityscape’. Project profiles covering specific

Knauf Drywall design solutions can be found on the pages indicated.

COMMERCIAL PROJECT SELECTION

Cinemas & theatres

page 20

Schools

Housing

Call 08700 613700 for your

copy of our comprehensive

Housing brochure



Schools brochure

Student accommodation

page 30

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Airports and transport

page 18

Stadia and leisure

page 28

Retail

page 26

Hospitals



Hospitals brochure.

Offices

page 24

Hotels

page 22

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Sound insulation requirements forcommercial buildings are covered in BS 8233: 1999, Code of Practice– Sound Insulation and NoiseReduction for Buildings.

There are no specific guidelines for cinemas but certain leadingarchitects and cinema operatorswork to a figure of 74dB Rw

airborne sound insulation betweenscreens as good practice.

Sound reverberationSpeech intelligibility is a keyacoustic criterion and thereverberation of sound can have aprofound effect upon how easy it isto hear and distinguish sounds,especially in areas such as meetingand conference rooms and openplan offices. Shopping malls, atriaand cafeterias are also areas thatmay be sensitive to excessivereverberation.

Practical considerations also have to be taken into account, as theinclusion of a suitably soundabsorbent surface may not, forinstance, adequately meet aestheticrequirements or possess the requireddegree of impact resistance forcertain areas.

Knauf Apetura combines excellentsound absorption performance and aunique, aesthetic, seamless finish,with 23 different designs available.

Knauf Drywall Technical Services canoffer detailed advice and solutionsfor sound absorption and reduction.

You can contact Knauf DrywallTechnical Services on 01795416259.

Relevant documentsThere are no specific parts of theBuilding Regulations dealing withcommercial buildings, retail units,offices or cinemas. However, Part Eof the Building Regulations dealswith the requirements for resistanceto the passage of sound affectingdwellings and rooms for residentialpurposes, which includes hotels. Inparticular, Part E1 deals withprotection of dwellings and roomsfor residential purposes againstsound from other parts of the samebuilding or from adjoining buildings.Also, Part E3 deals withreverberation in the common internalparts of buildings containing flats orrooms for residential purposes.

The following pages set out some of the general construction and designissues that should be considered when using Knauf Drywall products andsystems for commercial projects.

We have given overviews from the key Building Regulations and BritishStandards but, due to limitations of space and the wide variety of potentially relevant documentation, have substantially condensed and abbreviated their content.

In practice, the Building Regulations and other appropriate documentsshould be referred to as definitive guidance.

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

ACOUSTIC CONSIDERATIONS


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Office buildingsPrivacy factorsConfidentiality between meetingrooms and offices is obviously asignificant design consideration.There are no specific regulations for attenuation levels for separatingwalls and floors between differentoffices.

The specifier may determine anappropriate sound attenuation levelto restrict the passage of sound andthen select the appropriate Knauf Drywall system.

ReverberationThe designer must consider theproblems of reverberation and echowhich may occur in atria and inrooms with high ceilings. In meetingrooms and presentation roomsspeech intelligibility is very importantand the reverberation of sound mustbe controlled. Sound absorbentKnauf Apertura perforatedplasterboard may be used as aceiling design feature to contributeto the acoustic and aesthetic qualityof a room.

Passage of soundIt is important to limit passage ofsound between adjacent offices orfrom street-to-office. The specifiermay determine an appropriatesound attenuation level to restrict thepassage of sound and then selectthe appropriate Knauf Drywallsystem. Particular attention should bepaid to avoiding flanking paths. Part E applies to separating wallsand floors between dwellings andother buildings, including those foroffice use.

Hotels and studentaccommodationPassage of soundThe Building Regulations Part E setslevels for airborne and impact soundinsulation for walls and floorsbetween rooms. Slightly differentlevels are set for new build and formaterial change of use. The specifiermay of course choose to exceed theperformance requirements of Part E.

Lift shaftsLift operations and lift dooroperations may cause noise nuisanceto adjacent rooms. The use of KnaufShaftwall in lift shaft construction willautomatically give high levels ofsound attenuation. Contact KnaufDrywall Technical Services on01795 416259 for details.

TestingOn-site pre-completion acoustictesting may be required by BuildingRegulations Part E. The specifiershould seek advice from the localBuilding Control Officer regardingrequirements for testing, or thesuitability of Robust Standard Detailswhich may avoid the need fortesting.

Retail buildingsReverberationIn shopping malls with high ceilingsand non-absorbent surfaces, echo is potentially a major problem. Thespecifier may consider using KnaufApertura which is a perforatedplasterboard designed to controlreverberation and contribute to theacoustic qualities of areas in which it is installed. Apertura is bestpositioned in ceilings to make use of the surface area and to avoid thepotential for damage, or as featurepanels at high levels within partitions.

AmbienceCorrect specification of materialscan create a sense of well-being forstaff and customers within individualstores or store areas. This isparticularly the case in large openspaces such as car showrooms, inareas with large hard surfaces andin stores where the quality of musicand/or PA system is important.Once again Knauf Apertura shouldbe considered for ceiling areas.

Passage of soundIt is important to consider passage ofsound between adjacent buildings orfrom street-to-store. The specifier maydetermine an appropriate soundattenuation level to restrict thepassage of sound and then selectthe appropriate Knauf Drywallsystem. Part E applies to separatingwalls and floors between dwellingsand other buildings, including thosefor retail use.

Cinemas and theatresReverberationSound quality within the theatre iscritical and the reverberation ofsound has a profound effect on thequality of the cinema experience.The designer should consider theopportunities for a sloping ceiling,non-parallel side walls and sound-absorbent surfaces.

Knauf Apertura is a perforatedplasterboard designed for use inceilings and walls to controlreverberation and contribute to theacoustic quality of the theatre.

Bass responseThe specifier should consider howthe building design may control bassresponse. This will optimise theclarity and cleanliness of bass soundwithin the cinema and minimise basstransference through partitionsbetween cinemas. The specifier is advised to consult a qualifiedacoustic consultant.

Passage of soundIt is essential to limit the passage of sound from street-to-cinema andbetween adjacent theatres in amultiscreen cinema. There are nospecific guidelines for cinemas but74dB Rw airborne sound insulationbetween rooms is known to be apractically achievable figure. Carefuldetailing and attention to flankingpaths is essential.

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COMMERCIALProtection of escape routesPart B1, Section 6 states:“Generally, a 30 minute standard issufficient for the protection of meansof escape. The exceptions to this arewhen greater fire resistance is requiredby the guidance of Requirements B3 or B5, or some other specificinstance to meet Requirements B1, in Sections 4 and 5”.

All fire resisting partitions, walls andenclosures should meet theprovisions set out in ApprovedDocument B, Appendix A, tables A1and A2, which are summarised inTables 1 and 2, pages 10-11.

Part B2 – Internal fire spread (linings)Building Regulation requirements

state that:

To inhibit the spread of fire withinthe building, the internal linings shall:

a) Adequately resist the spread of flame over their surfaces.

b) Have, if ignited, either a rate of heat release or a rate of fire growth, which is reasonable in the circumstances.

The above can be achieved by selection of materials, such as KnaufDrywall plasterboard, that have lowrates of surface spread of flame.

These qualities are particularly important in circulation or communalspaces, where it will often be thelinings that must minimise the spreadof flame to give the occupants moreescape time.

FIRE CONSIDERATIONS Complying with the regulationsPart B1, Section 4 – Design for horizontaland vertical escape – buildings other thandwellingsAs a guiding principal, designingmeans of escape means that anyoccupant confronted by an outbreakof fire within the building can turnaway from it and make a safeescape.

The limits for travel distance beforereaching an escape route withincommercial and leisure environmentsvaries, and reference should bemade to Approved Document B1,section 4.

Enclosure of corridorsIf a corridor (not a ‘protected’corridor, as defined by Part B4) thatis a potential means of escape, isenclosed by partitions, the partitionsmust be carried up to the soffit of the structural floor above to minimisepotential spread of smoke in theearly stages of a fire.

Mixed use buildingsThe impact of a fire in part of abuilding containing office space onanother part of the same buildingcontaining a hotel must be carefullyconsidered. With this in mind, itshould be assessed whetherseparate escapes routes for eacharea (and use) should be provided,or whether an effective commonmeans is achievable.

Relevant documentBuilding Regulations Approved DocumentB, 2000 (amended 2002) edition. The parts relevant to this sectorbrochure are:

• B1: Means of warning and escape.

• B2: Internal fire spread (linings).

• B3: Internal fire spread (structure).

• B4: External fire spread.

Objectives of regulations B1 – To ensure the correct design, construction and provision of means of escape for persons in the event of a fire.

B2 – To ensure, through appropriateconstruction and workmanship, thatfirespread over the internal linings of buildings is inhibited.

B3 – To ensure the stability ofbuildings in the event of fire by creating separated compartments within buildings to inhibit internalspread of fire. To create sufficient and effective separation betweenadjoining buildings.

To inhibit unseen spread of smoke and fire via concealed spaces withinbuildings.

B4 – To restrict spread of fire fromone structure to the next byconstructing external walls and roofsthat effectively inhibit firespread.

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Part B3 – Internal fire spread (structure)Building Regulation requirements are:

i) The building shall be designed andconstructed so that, in the event of fire, its stability will be maintained for a reasonable period.

ii) A wall common to two or more buildings shall be designed and constructed so that it adequately resists the spread of fire between those buildings.

iii)To inhibit the spread of fire within the building, it shall be sub-dividedwith fire-resisting construction to an extent appropriate to the size and intended use of the building.

iv) The building shall be designed and constructed so that the unseen spread of fire and smoke within concealed spaces in its structure and fabric is inhibited.

The ultimate objective of the above, as with all fire considerations, is first to protect the lives of occupants,emergency workers, and those passingby or engaged in activities near tothe building in question and, second,to try to minimise the structural damage.

The principal means of achieving the fire resistance of a construction element is to:

a) Maintain the element’s loadbearingcapacity (resist collapse).

b) Maintain the integrity of the elements (resist fire penetration).

c) Provide insulation from high temperature (resist heat transfer).

Knauf Drywall products provide anefficient solution for many constructionelements.

For more information, contact KnaufDrywall Technical Services on01795 416259.

Compartmentation Sub-dividing buildings into separatefire-resisting compartments is critical to the ability of the structure as a whole to prevent rapid fire spread and minimise the size of fires.Again, the overriding aim being tosave lives and minimise destruction.

Knauf Drywall plasterboard systemsare an effective method of achieving compartmentation.

Maximum areasApproved Document B3, Table 12,gives the range of maximumcompartment dimensions for office,retail and commercial buildings.

Fire resistance of compartment wallsThe minimum period of fire resistance(integrity and insulation) provided bycompartment walls should be asshown in Table 1, page 10.

Openings in floors and compartment wallsAll openings in floors andcompartment walls should beprotected to provide at least thesame period of fire resistance as the compartment structure.

Customer Service 0800 521 050 Technical Service email [email protected] Technical Service 01795 416259 Website www.knaufdrywall.co.uk

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FIRE CONSIDERATIONSPeriods of fire resistanceThe performance of those elements of the building that are required toachieve a specified period of fire resistance is determined by reference to BS 476: Parts 20–24: 1987 and are set out in Appendix A of ApprovedDocument B.

Table 1, below, is an edited version of table A1 from Approved Document Band summarises the specific requirements for each element in terms of load-bearing capacity, integrity and insulation, for areas in which KnaufDrywall systems may be used.

Table 2, opposite, is an edited version of Table A2 from Approved Document B, and, again, summarises the specific requirements for areas in which Knauf Drywall systems may be used.

Table 1 – Specific periods of fire resistance for building elements

Part of building Load-bearing capacity (mins) Integrity (mins) Insulation (mins) Method of exposure

Compartment walls see Table 2 see Table 2 see Table 2 each side separately

Protected shafts (excluding any fire fighting shaft)any other part between the shaft and a protected lobby/ 30 30 30 each side separatelycorridorany part not described above see Table 2 see Table 2 see Table 2

Enclosure (which does not form part of a compartment wall or protected shaft) to:a. protected stairway; 30 30 301 each side separatelyb. lift shaft; 30 30 30

Firefighting shaftsa. construction separating firefighting shaft from rest of building; 120 120 120 from side remote from shaft

60 60 60 from shaft sideb. construction separating firefighting stair, firefighting lift shaft and firefighting lobby; 60 60 60 each side separately

Enclosure (which is not a compartment wall or protected shaft) to a;a. protected lobby 30 30 301 each side separatelyb. protected corridor 30 30 301 each side separately

Sub-division of a corridor 30 30 301 each side separately

Fire resisting construction:a. enclosing places of special fire hazard 30 30 30 each side separatelyb. between store rooms 30 30 30

Cavity barrier N/A 30 15 each side separately

Ceiling N/A 30 30 from underside

Duct described in paragraph 10.14e (Part B) N/A 30 no provision from outside

Casing around a drainage system N/A 30 no provision from outside

Flue walls N/A half period specified half period specified from outsidein Table 2 for the in Table 2 for thecompartment wall/floor compartment wall/floor

Notes to Table 1:

1. See Approved Document B for permitted extent of uninsulated glazed elements

FIRE CONSIDERATIONS

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Ductworkwith damper

Fig 1: Examples of ductwork passing through

compartment and sub-compartment walls

Ductwork passingthrough sub-compartment wall

Ductwork passingthrough but not serving fire hazardroom

Other considerationsConcealed spaces (cavities)Concealed spaces or cavities in theconstruction of a building provide aready route for smoke and flamespread. This is particularly so in thecase of voids above other spaces ina building, e.g, above a suspendedceiling or in a roof space. As anyspread is concealed, it presents agreater weakness in the fabric of thebuilding. Provisions are made torestrict this by interrupting cavitieswhich could form a pathway arounda barrier to fire, sub-dividingextensive cavities, and by closingthe edges of openings.

Protected shaftsOpenings in floors for stairways,lifts, escalators, and pipes and ductsshould be enclosed in a protected shaft, which has thesame period of fire resistance(integrity, insulation and, whereapplicable, load-bearing capacity)as the compartment floor.

The use of protected shafts should be restricted to stairways, lifts,escalators, chutes, ducts and pipes.

Protected shafts for stairways andlifts should be provided withprotected lobbies, except where theyare accessed from the street.

Knauf Shaftwall and FirefightingShaftwall provide up to 120 minutesfire resistance and can beconstructed totally from one side,making them ideal for lift andservice shaft constructions.

Protection of openings and penetrationsFor fire separating elements to beeffective, every joint and opening forservices must be adequately sealedso that the fire resistance of theelement is maintained.

Ventilation ductworkVentilation ductwork should complywith the requirements of section 11of Part B or BS 5388: Part 9:1999‘Code of Practice for ventilation andair conditioning ductwork’.

External wallsThe requirement is for sufficient fire-resistance to prevent fire spread across the relevantboundary. If an external wall is more than 1 metre from the relevantboundary, the wall only needs fireresistance from inside.

Fig. 3: Shallow basements

Only the floor of the ground storey needsto be a compartment floor if the lower basement is at a depth of not more than 10m

Table 2 – Minimum periods of fire resistance

Purpose group of building Minimum periods (minutes) for elements of structure in a:

Basement storey1 Ground or upper storeyincluding floor over

Depth (m) of a lowest Height (m) of top floor above ground, inbasement a building or separated part of a building

More not more not more not more not more more than 10 than 10 than 5 than 18 than 30 than 30

Office:

- not sprinklered 90 60 302 60 90 not permitted

- sprinklered4 60 60 302 302 60 1203

Assembly and reaction:


- sprinklered4 60 60 30 602 60 1203

Storage and other

non-residential:

any building or part

not described elsewhere:


- sprinklered4 90 60 30 60 90 1203

Notes to Table 7:

1 The floor over a basement (or if there is more than 1 basement, the floor over the topmost basement)

should meet the provisions for the ground and upper storeys if that period is higher.

2 Increased to a minimum of 60 minutes for compartment walls separating buildings.

3 Reduced to 90 minutes for elements not forming part of the structural frame.

4 ‘Sprinklered’ means that the building is fitted throughout with an automatic sprinkler system meeting

the relevant recommendations of BS 5306 Fire extinguishing installations and equipment on premises.

Part 2 Specification for sprinkler systems; i.e. is the relevant occupancy rating together with the additional

requirements for life safety.

Fig. 2: Buildings over 30 m in height

In a building over 30 m in height, all storeysshould be separated by compartment floors.

Areas where Knauf Drywall systems can be used

Fig. 4: Protection of openings

and penetrations

The nature of public access buildingsmeans that high foot traffic andpotential abuse must be expected.

Relevant documentsBS 5234: Part 2: 1992 covers thespecification for performancerequirements for strength androbustness of partitions and includesstiffness, surface damage, structuraldamage, door slamming, crowdpressure and strength of anchoragesand fixings.

Moisture resistanceFor areas subjected to high levels of,and/or prolonged exposure to,moisture and humidity, KnaufMoistureshield is designed to be theideal gypsum board solution. Wheresuch areas also need to combineincreased fire resistance withmoisture resisting capabilities thenKnauf Fire Moistureshield may be used.

For tiled areas, and particularly hightraffic ones such as kitchens, KnaufAquapanel cement board is theperfect solution.

Racking and shelvingSpecial consideration must be givenat the design stage to therequirements for backing plates,noggins, or plywood backing panelsfor drywall partitions which arerequired to support heavy-weightfixings such as racking and shelving.Refer to pages 14 and 15 fordetails, or call Knauf DrywallTechnical Services on 01795416259 for specific advice.

SecurityWhilst drywall partitions are robustenough to withstand every-day use,security walls and separating wallsmay be reinforced with steel sheet orsteel mesh to prevent the determinedintruder.

Please call Knauf Drywall TechnicalServices for specific advice.

Crowd pressure and wind loadDrywall partitions and separatingwalls must be designed to withstandcrowd pressures given in BS 5324:1992 : Part 2. Table 3 of BS 5234sets out a requirement for partitionsand linings to withstand a crowdpressure of 0.75, 1.5 or 3.0 kN per linear metre without collapse ordamage that would render thepartition dangerous.

Knauf Drywall Technical Servicescan advise on specifying partitionsto withstand specific crowdpressures.

High traffic areasBS 5234: Part 2, Table 1 definespartition grades by category of dutyand includes Heavy Duty, where theadjacent space is frequently used bythe public and others with littleincentive to exercise care, andSevere Duty where the adjacentspace is intensively used by thepublic.

Knauf Denseshield is a specialistplasterboard for superior impactresistance and durability which maybe used in appropriateconstructions.

For environments containingunsupervised high traffic, KnaufToughpanel can provideunparalleled impact resistance andacoustic performance over theproject lifecycle, with minimummaintenance costs.

Impact resistanceThe specifier must consider thepotential for surface damage bysmall hard body impact and also apartition’s resistance to damage byimpact from a large soft body.

For office buildings, the placing andmoving of furniture and equipmentmay damage the wall surface. Forthese reasons it is important todesign drywall systems that willwithstand impact and remain fit forpurpose as well as be aestheticallyacceptable, with minimalmaintenance. This helps to reduceinconvenience and maintenancecosts over the life span of thebuilding.

Standard tests and criteria are given in BS 5234. The same BritishStandard also includes requirementsfor resistance to door slamming.

Knauf Denseshield may beconsidered for vulnerable areas as it provides a durable, impact-resistant lining to partitions to meetthe requirements, simultaneouslygiving high levels of fire resistance.

Knauf Toughpanel should beconsidered for use in the mostdemanding environments whereextreme impact resistance is theprimary consideration.

STRENGTH, ROBUSTNESS AND FINISH


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FinishesAs well as aesthetic quality, a rangeof criteria should be consideredwhen specifying a finish fordrylining systems:

• Resistance to cracking and abrasion

• Moisture resistance

• Fire retardance and surface spread of flame

• Hygiene and resistance to fungal/bacterial attack

• Cleaning and maintenance cycles

In all cases, the manufacturer of thefinish should be contacted to confirmsuitability, loading instructions etc.

A coat of undiluted Knauf WallboardPrimer should always be applied toKnauf plasterboard prior to anysubsequent finish.

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FIXINGS CONSIDERATIONS

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Lightweight fixings parallel to surfaceSuitable for lightweight fixings where the applied load is fixed and continuous, to a maximum of 20 kg.

• Suggested applications: mirrors, pictures, light fixings, coat hooks.

Knauf Drywall Technical Servicescan provide design guidance on the best fixing method andreinforcement to meet a specificsituation.

You can contact Knauf DrywallTechnical Services on 01795 416259.

Design solutionsGenerally, areas for fixing, racking,shelving, toilets etc. must beconsidered at the design stage.Fixing plates, noggins or plywoodbacking panels can be provided toaccommodate the applied loads.

In commercial buildings manyfixtures and fittings are liable to besubjected to rougher than normaldomestic use. The designconsiderations listed here take intoaccount this heavier treatment, butstronger details than those suggestedfor specific applications can be usedif felt necessary.

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Medium weight fixings parallel to surfaceSuitable for medium weight fixings where the applied load is fixed and continuous, and for lightweight fixings where the load may be subject to some movement (e.g. through removable objects).

• Suggested applications: radiators, curtain rails.

Heavyweight fixings with momentFor use where the applied load is not directly adjacent to the board surface, thus producing a twisting force that the other fixing details are not capable of withstanding. It is also suitable for fixing items that are likely to receive rougher than usual treatment.

• Suggested applications: TV mounting arms, pay telephones and hoods, disabled grab rails

Heavyweight fixings parallel to surfaceSuitable for heavyweight fixings where the applied load is fixed and continuous, and for medium weight fixings where the load may be subject to some movement (eg. through removable objects), to a maximum of 40 kg/ lin.m.

• Suggested applications: bath (lateral location only), cupboards, shelving, handrails.

Metal studs – speed, accuracy and economyThe specification of metal studs givesparticular advantages over timber:

• reduced waste.

• increased speed and ease of installation.

• higher accuracy, no movement or twisting due to shrinkage.

• reduced customer care issues.

There is also a greatly reduced chance of use by other trades for non-associated tasks. Always ensure that Knauf Drywall metal studs areused within Knauf Drywall partitionsystems to ensure the validity of allperformance ratings and thewarranty.Paper tapeAlways specify the use of Knauf Joint Tape for jointing plasterboardsin ceiling applications. The use ofpaper tape significantly reduces thechances of cracking due tomovement of the background.

Reducing wastageWastage of plasterboard on sites can be reduced by ensuring that thecorrect board length is chosen to suit the storey heights. Often, over-lengthboards are specified which thenhave to be cut-down, increasingworking time and waste. KnaufDrywall are able to supply boardsmanufactured to a specific length tosuit the project.

Recessed lights and other penetrationsWhen specifying recessed lighting and other penetrations through walls

and ceilings, consider the effect onthe system’s performance withregards to fire and acoustic ratings.

Always ensure the manufacturer ofthe penetration has taken these intoaccount.

Achieving high finish levelsWhen deciding on which finish toapply to plasterboard, considerationshould be given to the level offlatness that is required so that itsuits the interior design and lightingconditions. For example, naturallight at a shallow angle tends tohighlight surface level differences,and features such as rails require auniformly flat surface in order to becorrectly mounted.

On a taped and jointed finish, themaximum increase of the crown ofthe joint allowed in BS 8212:1988is 3 mm when measured using a450 mm straight edge. A smallermaximum increase can be specified,but will be more time-consuming toachieve. The use of Knauf TaperedEdge plasterboards is recommendedwhen taping and jointing. If auniformly flat surface is requiredthen a Knauf skim plaster finishshould be specified.

If specifying a taped and jointed plasterboard finish, undiluted KnaufWallboard Primer should be appliedprior to the final applied wall finish. The use of Wallboard Primerequalises suction across the surfaceand reduces the chance of the jointsbeing seen through the finish. It alsoreduces moisture absorption and therisk of discolouration.

When checking the standard ofjointing prior to completion, the useof lighting similar to that expectedwhen occupied will provide the mostaccurate check, and subsequentlyreduce the possibility of customercare issues relating to the finishedsurface.

SequenceThe British Standard Code ofPractice for plasterboard partitionsand dry linings (BS 8000: Part 8:1994) recommends the followingsequence of work:

Fix ceiling linings first, thenpartitions, followed by wall linings.Whenever it is practical to do so,apply wall linings in sequenceworking away from doors andwindows and towards internalangles. As far as possible, locatepaper bound board edges at salientcorners.

In practice, detailing requirements tocontrol flanking sound and maintainfire and smoke resistance candictate working outside of thissequence.

SPECIFICATION TIPS

Service accommodation and partially boarded partitionsIt is often necessary to accommodatea large number of services aboveceiling level. On occasion, thismeans the plasterboard extends onlyto a height above suspended ceilinglevel leaving a gap for the servicesto run through. In these situations, nofire or acoustic performance can beguaranteed and it is necessary toconsider the effect on the overallstrength and, therefore, maximumdesign height of the partition.

The partition must also be cappedoff with plasterboard in order toprevent fibre migration if insulationhas been specified in the void.

Generally, it is recommended that no more than 25% of the total heightis left unboarded without diagonalbracing being installed above asuspended ceiling. The bracing canbe made from Knauf ‘C’ Stud or ‘U’Channel and should be attached sothat it forms a 45° brace betweenstud and soffit. These should beinstalled on every other stud and on alternate sides of the wall.

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KNAUF DRYWALL EXPERTISEContents

Airports and transport 18- 19

Cinemas and theatres 20-21

Hotels 22-23

Offices 24-25

Retail 26-27

Stadia and leisure 28-29

Student accommodation 30-31

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DRYWALL KNOW HOW

AIRPORTS &TRANSPORT

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KNAUF DRYWALL EXPERTISE: AIRPORTS & TRANSPORTAirports are huge and complex projects requiring total servicecommitment from suppliers and contractors if delays are to be avoided.Drylining systems have to be tough and durable, with high fire ratingsdue to the traffic expectations of the finished building and the needs offirefighters. Time constraints make it an advantage if installation of thedrywall can start before the building is fully weather-sealed.

Heathrow Terminal 5The Knauf Shaftwall system wasspecified for six service cores in the440 metre Terminal 5B concourse.The cores, which extend over three,six and seven floors, contain stairs,escalators, lifts and service shafts.

Terminal 5B is part of the massive£4.2 billion development on 260hectares on the western boundary ofthe airport, and is due to open in2008. When fully complete, T5 willprovide Heathrow Airport with thecapacity to handle up to 35 millionadditional passengers a year, and16,500 jobs will be created.

Dry lining subcontractor Astins hasinstalled 27,000 m2 of walling –mostly Knauf Shaftwall. With muchof the dry wall construction involvingseveral layers, this totals about100,000 m2 of board.

Most of the Knauf Shaftwallinstallation in Terminal 5B consists of 146mm Knauf ‘C-T’ steel studssupporting 19 mm KnaufCoreboard. This is faced on theroom side with two layers of 15 mmKnauf Fire Moistureshield, a highperformance plasterboard providingadded protection against dampness.

Knauf Drywall Technical ServicesThe larger the project the greater the advantage of involving KnaufDrywall Technical Services at anearly stage – and they don’t getmuch larger than an internationalairport. As well as providingcomprehensive design guidance and support throughout the project’sduration, Knauf Drywall TechnicalServices can also ensure timeddeliveries, specialist vehicles andother site specific requirements.Knauf Drywall is committed toservice excellence throughout thebusiness and our in-full, on-time and accuracy performances areexceptional.

To discover how we can add valueto your airport project, or simply toask advice, you can contact KnaufDrywall Technical Services on01795 416259.

The 176 mm construction used atTerminal 5B typically provides up totwo hours’ fire resistance andreliable protection for firefighters.It also provides 45dB (Rw) soundreduction – or 50dB with a 25mminsulation quilt in the void. Highersound reduction performances can be achieved with additional layersof board and/or thicker insulationquilts.

The Knauf Coreboard facing into theshaft is normally left unfinished,while the high performance boardson the “room” side are finished asnormal partitioning.

For comprehensive information on all Knauf Drywall products and systems refer to The Complete Drywall Manual. For your copy, call 08700 613700 or view onlineat our award winning website, www.knaufdrywall.co.uk/themanual

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Key System: ShaftwallKnauf Shaftwall is a heavy duty partition system that can be whollyconstructed from one side, making it ideal for situations such as servicecores and lift shafts where it would be impractical to work from the shaftside. Shaftwall is engineered to meet the demands of lift shafts in high-risebuildings. Its panels and fixings are strong enough to withstand sharpvariations in air pressure when fast-moving lift cars are passing.

Knauf ‘C-T’ Studs are used to retain fire and moisture resistant KnaufCoreboard on the shaft side without the need for screws. Knauf FireMoistureshield is used on the lobby side in systems with a high fire rating,and is easily finished to a high standard.

• Up to 2 hours fire resistance

• Up to 50dB Rw airborne sound

• Pressurised shafts can be accommodated

• Shaftwall can be installed before building is weather-sealed

Knauf Drywall Technical ServicesWhen it comes to practically achieving very high acoustic performanceon-site, as opposed to the laboratory, detailing and the interface withservices and other systems becomes crucial. Knauf Drywall TechnicalServices can provide project-specific details and guidance to ensure thesystem’s full potential is achieved - both at the design stage and on-site.Very tall partitions can require careful specifying if loads are beingapplied and again Knauf Drywall Technical Services can help.

To discover how we can add value to your cinema or theatre project, or simply to ask advice, contact Knauf Drywall Technical Services on 01795 416259.

DRYWALL KNOW HOW

CINEMAS& THEATRES

Ocean Terminal, LeithWhen plans were drawn for 12luxury cinemas in the OceanTerminal quayside retail and leisurecomplex at Leith, Edinburgh, a high-performance drylining system fromKnauf Drywall was selected for theacoustic solution, and to provideexcellent fire resistance.

Drylining contractors CarltonCeilings and Partitions (CCP)installed Knauf Drywall’s high-performance twin frame partitionsystem between the cinemas. This400mm construction provides twohours’ fire resistance and reducesairborne sound by 74dB.

CCP Managing Director RichardJanes says:

“All the walls were acoustically tested– and all met the specification.”

Because of the height of the walls –up to 17 metres – the twin framepartitions are additionally supportedby Knauf Steel Building Systems(SBS) - cold-rolled lightweight steelcomponents for use in loadbearingsystems.

The high-technology cinemas provideentertainment for more than 2,700people at a time – the 12 cinemasseat from 138 to 372. It’s screens,rated the biggest in Scotland, arenow part of the Vue Cinemas chain.

KNAUF DRYWALL EXPERTISE: CINEMAS & THEATRESCinemas and theatres usually place the control of sound – both reduction

and reverberation – at the centre of the drywall requirements. Partitions in

these areas tend to be tall, and there is a need for aesthetic interest across the

large expanses of lobby area ceilings. Knauf Drywall‘s range of high acoustic

performance systems have been specifically designed to meet these needs.

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Wales Millennium Centre Knauf Apertura perforatedplasterboard was given a key role at the Wales Millennium Centre afterarchitects Capita Percy Thomasselected it as the ceiling finish inthe principal public areas of thebuilding.

Bristol-based sub contractors GHTPlastering Services Ltd installed2,000 m2 of Knauf Aperturaplasterboard in the ceilings of thecentre’s north and south publicconcourse areas, to complement thehigh quality aesthetic requirementsof the building and to satisfystringent acoustic demands.



• Over 10,000mm maximum height achievable

Key System: High Performance Twin FrameKnauf High Performance Twin Framepartitions provide exceptional soundreduction properties using fast drywallconstruction techniques. Heights ofover 10 m are achievable togetherwith airborne sound reduction of upto 74dB Rw.

• 23 different styles available

• Unique seamless finish

• Call 08700 613700 for our comprehensive Apertura brochure

Key System: Apertura Ceilings and LiningsKnauf Apertura perforatedplasterboard systems give thedesigner excellent control overreverberation times, together with aunique, high quality, seamless finishthat offers endless opportunity forvisual design.

The concourse features restaurants, shops and theatre entrances andacts as a meeting place wherevisitors can watch impromptu freemusic and drama performances.

Knauf Apertura circular 8/18 wasused in the concourse to enable areverberation time of 1.5 seconds to be achieved to satisfy speechintelligibility requirements. GHTachieved a curved Aperturaframework and shaped the Aperturaboards to follow the contours.


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DRYWALL KNOW HOW

HOTELS

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KNAUF DRYWALL EXPERTISE: HOTELSHotels tend to have disparate requirements with rooms, lobbies,swimming pools, services, restaurants, shops and offices all in closeproximity. Systems must be robust but finished to an exceptionally highlevel, whilst a long term view needs to be taken with regards torefurbishment and maintenance. Regulations and corporate guidelinesalso play a strong part in shaping requirements.

Celtic Manor, NewportSplendour and intricate detailingcharacterise the interiors of theCeltic Manor Resort in Newport,South Wales, with Knauf Drywallplaster, plasterboard and ceilingsystems used throughout.

Situated in 1,400 acres, the CelticManor Resort comprises some 400bedrooms, 1,500 seat convention

centre, four restaurants, two healthclubs and spa and threechampionship golf courses.

Chris Lodge Building Contractorsspecified Knauf Drywall productsbecause of the excellent technicalbackup provided, and KnaufDrywall Technical Services’ specialist knowledge and support.

Knauf Drywall Technical ServicesAs one of the UK’s largest suppliersof drywall materials we get involvedearly in understanding regulatorychanges and Knauf DrywallTechnical Services are able to adviseon all regulations that affect thedrywall side of your project. We canhelp with product and systemselection to optimise performanceand logistics on-site, as well asadvising on whole-life costing andmaintenance issues. The finish in ahotel is of particular importance andwe can help with best practicetechniques and on-site supportduring the installation phase.

To discover how we can add valueto your hotel project, or simply toask advice, you can contact KnaufDrywall Technical Services on01795 416259.

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Village Hotel, KentThe De Vere Group’s £17 millionVillage Maidstone is part of agrowing national chain ofconference venues and weekendgetaway hotels. In addition toconventional hotel facilities and 122en-suite bedrooms, VillageMaidstone has an extensive leisureclub with 25 m swimming pool,sauna, steam room, fitness studio,aerobics suite, ladies’ gym and café.

The hotel was built largely by localfirms, with Kent-based Wallis – partof Kier Regional – as maincontractor on the 14-month project.Commercial interiors firm Boler &Clarke, from nearby Strood, was thedrywall sub-contractor.

• Up to 11/2 hours fire resistance


• 75 mm - 130 mm overall width

• Moisture resistant Knauf Sound Moistureshield available

Key System: Acoustic PartitionsKnauf Acoustic Partitions use a combination of Knauf Acoustic ‘C’ Studs andKnauf Soundshield to provide excellent sound reduction and high impactresistance, whilst using the least space possible. For example, up to 57dB Rw

is achievable with an overall width of just 130mm, making this the ideal solution for the majority of partitions within a hotel environment.

• Up to 1 hour fire resistance


• Retains strength when wet

• Call 08700 613700 for our comprehensive Aquapanel brochure

Key System: Aquapanel Partitions and LiningsKnauf Aquapanel partitions and linings are purpose designed for tilebacking in wet areas such as swimming pools, changing areas and toilets.Aquapanel cement board will not rot or warp, and retains its strength even if fully immersed in water. Localised damage to tiles can be quickly repaired whilst minimising the effect on business as the Aquapanel is notaffected by water ingress.

Trevor Boughen, senior site surveyorfor Wallis, says:

“Knauf Drywall’s comprehensivetechnical support helped drywallinstallers to deal quickly with issuesof detail and regulation.“

Knauf Drywall supplied partitioningthroughout the project, with threemain board types used: KnaufWallboard for general walls andceilings, Knauf Soundshield forareas requiring higher acousticperformance, and KnaufMoistureshield for “wet” areas.


DRYWALL KNOW HOW

OFFICES

BP1, Canary WharfThe latest building at Canary Wharfto benefit from Knauf Drywall’s shell and core expertise is the newBarclays global headquarters – One Churchill Place.

Andrew Hughes, MD of FutureInteriors:

“Knauf Drywall provided us withtechnical advice and support viatheir Project & SpecificationManager, Spencer Maynard,throughout the contract. This wasinvaluable to us in the successfulconstruction of the shell and corepackage.”

KNAUF DRYWALL EXPERTISE: OFFICESOffice developments vary in terms of their aesthetic design and

performance requirements depending on the client. Offices tend to

be multi-story with large numbers of services, and their locations can

place specific delivery requirements on suppliers. Knauf Drywall’s

experience in this sector includes Swiss Re, The Home Office and

the majority of the towers in the Canary Wharf development.

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Knauf Drywall Technical ServicesOn large projects Knauf DrywallTechnical Services are on-hand towork with specifiers and contractorsfrom the design stage onwards,visiting the sites regularly, approvingand underwriting design detailing,and developing bespoke solutions.

We are experienced in providingspecific solutions for internal wallingrequirements in high-rise commercialbuildings. These include privacy and

Spencer believes that what the clientparticularly appreciated was thelevel of involvement from the designstage onwards that Knauf Drywallwas prepared to commit to. TheKnauf Drywall team also organisedthe logistics of getting materials tosite in a phased and timely manner.Says Spencer: “It is very importantfor the prime contractor, and indeedfor the drylining sub-contractors, thatwe are there to give them our helpand support whenever they need it.”

more complex needs such asacoustic and thermal barriers andprotection against moisture andimpact resistance. Our experiencewith shell and core work is secondto none.

To discover how we can add valueto your office project, or simply to ask advice, contact Knauf Drywall Technical Services on01795 416259.

Swiss ReStanding 180m tall, the 40 storeySwiss Re building is constructedaround a central steel core, with an external steel frame. It offers550,000 sq feet (46,500 sq m) of net lettable space.

Shaftwall from Knauf Drywall wasspecified for 16 passenger lifts, two goods and two firefighting lifts,service risers, staircase enclosuresand toilet enclosures. Shaftwallspans the entire 40 floors of the core of 30 St. Mary Axe.

Paul Burgess, Managing Director ofLightweight Plastering and DryliningLtd said:

“This was a complex installation,

demanding a high degree of attention

to detail. We worked successfully

with Knauf Drywall’s technical team

to resolve design issues.”

Other systems from Knauf Drywall usedon the project include the aestheticallyappealing Apertura range.

For comprehensive information on all Knauf Drywall products andsystems refer to The Complete Drywall Manual. For your copy, call 08700 613700 or view onlineat our award winning website, www.knaufdrywall.co.uk/themanual

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Key System: ShaftwallA heavy duty partition system that can be wholly constructed from one side,making it ideal for situations such as service cores and lift shafts where itwould be impractical to work from the shaft side. Shaftwall is engineered to meet the demands of lift shafts in high-rise buildings. It’s panels and fixings are strong enough to withstand sharp variations in air pressure when fast-moving lift cars are passing, whilst the lobby side is easily finishedto a high standard.

• 23 different styles available

• Unique seamless finish

• Call 08700 613700 for our comprehensive Apertura brochure

Key System: Apertura Ceilings and LiningsKnauf Apertura perforated plasterboard systems give the designer excellentcontrol over reverberation times in lobbies and public areas, together with a unique, high quality, seamless finish that offers endless opportunity for visual design.

DRYWALL KNOW HOW

RETAIL

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CastlepointThe massive 60,000m2 Castlepointshopping park at Bournemouth, builton 41 acres, has 40 famous namestores with the largest occupying12,000m2. Differentiated by itsflagship store concept, givingshoppers the widest possible rangeof merchandise, Castlepoint providesa new style of shopping destination.The £200 million edge-of-towncomplex with parking for 3,500 cars was developed over two yearson the site of the former HampshireCentre.

Retail units within Castlepoint areseparated by Knauf Drywall fireresistant partitions installed bydrylining specialists, Astins. Theseparating walls – up to 10 metresin height - consist of two layers of15 mm Knauf Fireshield on each

side of 146 mm Knauf ‘I’ Studs with a layer of 25 mm Knauf CrownAcoustic Partition Roll in the void.

Knauf Drywall Technical Serviceswere involved from the start of theproject, including detailing the ‘fireumbrellas’ – to prevent lateralspread of fire at the tops of walls –because of the roof’s structuraldesign. In addition, the separatingwalls had to allow a large deflectionhead of about 100 mm toaccommodate natural movement inthe 43,000 m2 roof.

Knauf Fireshield high performanceplasterboard was used as the liningmaterial to provide the superior fireprotection required. The 206 mmwall specification used atCastlepoint has a 2 hour fire ratingand 54dB sound rating.

KNAUF DRYWALL EXPERTISE: RETAILRetail developments are generally built on a grand scale and aredesigned to handle large numbers of people. Fire resistance anddurability are of paramount importance, as is the sound insulationbetween retail units. The performance of drywall, the speed of installation and the sheer quantity of materials involved makeoptimised Knauf Drywall systems the perfect choice.

Knauf Drywall Technical ServicesHaving been involved in some of the largest retail developments in the UK, including the famous Bluewater shopping centre in Kent, Knauf Drywall Technical Services are familiar with designing for and value-engineering large retail projects. Common issues that are regularlysolved include detailing fire umbrellas and large fire rated deflectionheads due to expansive roofs, and designing tall fire and sound ratedseparating walls.

To discover how we can add value to your retail project, or simply to ask advice, contact Knauf Drywall Technical Services on 01795 416259.

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Ayr CentralDesign flexibility and speed ofconstruction were key factors behind the specification of Knauf Drywall’sHigh Performance Twin Framepartitions for the stylish newshopping complex at Ayr, Scotland.

The £50 million Ayr Central, with a completion date of March 2006,has 21 retail units ranging from 80 m2 to 1,860 m2. All are ofdouble height, with planning consentfor up to 100% mezzanine trading. In addition, there is an anchor unit – for Debenhams – on two floors,totalling 7,400 m2.

Project architect Brian McFall of 110 Design, Glasgow, specifiedKnauf Twin Frame partitions inpreference to block for the separatingwalls between units. He says:

“These partitions combine excellent

acoustic, thermal and fire resistance

properties with relatively fast

installation. They also allow greater

design flexibility if there is a need

to subdivide or combine retail units

at any stage”.

The separating walls, up to 10m high,were installed by subcontractors ProfileProjects of Dunfermline. The walls usedconsist of twin 146 mm Knauf ‘C’ studs,sandwiching a layer of 100 mm KnaufCrown Wool insulation. On each sideof the frame there is a 19 mm layer ofKnauf Plank and two 12.5 mm layers ofKnauf Fireshield. This 400 mm structureprovides 120 minutes’ fire resistanceand 74dB Rw sound reduction.

For comprehensive information on all Knauf Drywall products andsystems refer to The Complete DrywallManual. For your copy, call 08700613700 or view online at our awardwinning website, www.knaufdrywall.co.uk/themanual

• Up to 2 hours fire resistance• Up to 61dB Rw airborne sound• Up to 10,000 mm maximum

height achievable

• Up to 2 hours fire resistance• Up to 74dB Rw airborne sound• Over 10,000 mm maximum

height achievable

Key System: Separating WallsKnauf Separating Walls are strong, versatile partitions with excellent fireand acoustic properties. Single and Twin-Frame systems are available,with heights of 10 m or more achievable when 146 mm Knauf ‘C’ Studsare used, coupled to a very fast build time.

DRYWALL KNOW HOW

STADIA& LEISURE

Crook Log, KentWater and moisture-resistance weretwo prime considerations whenspecifying Knauf Drywall’sAquapanel as the poolside wallmaterial for the re-development ofthe swimming pools at the CrookLog and Erith leisure centres.

Aquapanel was used on the 10 mhigh walls that surround thecompetition and teaching pools atCrook Log and on the walls roundthe two pools at Erith.

Matthew Voss, Commercial Directorat MDG Drywall explains:

“Knauf Drywall’s team was involvedfrom the early design stage. Werequired a tough product that couldbe used as a tile backer. Knauf’steam recommended Aquapanel as itfar exceeded all design stipulationsand provided a robust solution thatensures the walls are totallyprotected from the constant ‘wet’environment.”

KNAUF DRYWALL EXPERTISE: STADIA & LEISUREStadium and leisure developments deal with large numbers of the

general public and in key areas the traffic can be intense and active.

Durability and robustness are key, with little upkeep required to

maintain an attractive appearance over many years. These projects

tend to be time-sensitive and public. Knauf Drywall systems are quick to

install and we are set up to ensure your project timescales do not slip.

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Knauf Drywall Technical ServicesAs well as providing comprehensivedesign guidance and supportthroughout the project’s duration,Knauf Drywall Technical Servicescan help optimise the logistics of thedrywall package. Timed deliveries,specialist vehicles and valueengineering expertise all addflexibility and aid the contractor inachieving the required timescales.

Knauf Drywall Technical Servicescan also advise on project lifecyclecosting, maintenance and repair,and best practice installation.

To discover how we can add valueto your stadia or leisure project, orsimply to ask advice, contact Knauf Drywall Technical Services on01795 416259.

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Wembley and Emirates StadiumsAt Wembley, the home of Englishfootball, Drywall Technologies(Drytech) have installed 140,000 m2

of walling – much of it as fireprotection panels above the retailkiosks in public concourse areas.These panels, up to 8m in height,are built with Knauf Drywall’sShaftwall system, due to the limitedworking space behind the panels.

Also at Wembley, more than 160corporate boxes providing VIPfacilities for parties of eight to twenty at Cup Finals and other world-classevents, are being created by the BDL Group, using 15mm KnaufSoundshield on each side of 92 mmKnauf ‘C’ Studs.

At the Emirates Stadium, which willreplace Arsenal’s Highbury base,MPG Contracts are using the sameproducts and specifications to build150 executive boxes, each seating10-15 people.






Key System: Acoustic PartitionsKnauf Acoustic Partitions use a combination of Knauf Acoustic ‘C’ Studs and Knauf Soundshield to provide excellent sound reduction and high impact resistance whilst using the least space possible. For example, up to 57dB Rw is achievable with an overall width of just 130 mm, making this the ideal solution for executive boxes and offices.

• Up to 1 hour fire resistance


• Retains strength when wet

• Call 08700 613700 for our comprehensive Aquapanel brochure

Key System: Aquapanel partitions and liningsKnauf Aquapanel partitions and linings are purpose designed for tile backing in wet areas such as swimming pools, changing areas and toilets. Aquapanel cement board will not rot or warp, and retainsits strength even if fully immersed in water. Localised damage to tiles can be quickly repaired without closure as the Aquapanel will not be affected by water ingress.

DRYWALL KNOW HOW

STUDENTACCOMMODATION

Ty Pont Haearn, CardiffAt 21 storeys high, Ty Pont Haearnis one of the tallest buildings inCardiff. The Unite Groupdevelopment is designed toaccommodate 660 full time studentsand the site is located close toCardiff University and the Universityof Wales Institute, Cardiff.

Completed by main contractorCarillion in September 2005, TyPont Haearn has 17 floors dedicatedto student accommodation with 643en-suite rooms, 144 kitchens plusstorerooms. It is situated above afour-storey public car park, makingparking easy for friends and family.

Sub contractor Baris installed50,000 m2 of Knauf plasterboardand systems throughout, and DavidMellis for Baris explains:

“We involved Knauf Drywall fromthe start, taking advantage of itstechnical team’s specialist advice on design and utilising the superiorback up service available.”

With up to 660 students inresidence, it was important toprovide a relatively soundproofenvironment where students canstudy and relax without beingdisturbed.

Up to 90% of the available wallspace throughout Ty Pont Haearnhas been fitted with 12.5 mm and 15 mm Knauf Soundshield fixed to70mm Knauf ‘C’-Studs and highperformance Twin Frame Partitionsto enhance sound reduction values.

12.5 mm Knauf Moistureshield is inplace throughout all the wet areas of the building, providing protectionin internal areas of high humidity,with Knauf Shaftwall used for thestairwells and lift shafts.


KNAUF DRYWALL EXPERTISE: STUDENT ACCOMMODATIONStudent accommodation can place a number of demands on system

design, with the need to balance durability and robustness with sound

reduction and moisture resistance in an attractive yet space efficient

layout. Knauf Partitions incorporating high performance Knauf Acoustic

‘C’ Studs and Knauf Soundshield plasterboard maximise sound

reduction in a strong, narrow package.

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Knauf Drywall Technical ServicesThe scale of a typical studentaccommodation development, and the variety of requirements in different areas of the buildings,can result in a large number ofdifferent systems being individuallyspecified. Knauf Drywall TechnicalServices are experts at value-engineering and simplifying thedrywall requirements in order tooptimise efficiency on-site andreduce costs.

The increasing use of towers toprovide flats for students also bringsa requirement for large scale shelland core work. Knauf Drywall Technical Services’ experience in thisarea is well known, with credits fornumerous towers including Swiss Reand much of the Canary Wharfdevelopment.

To discover how we can add valueto your student accommodationproject, or simply to ask advice,contact Knauf Drywall TechnicalServices on 01795 416259.

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Key System: Acoustic PartitionsKnauf Acoustic Partitions use a combination of Knauf Acoustic ‘C’ Studs and Knauf Soundshield to provide excellent sound reduction and high impact resistance whilst using the least space possible. For example, up to 57dB Rw is achievable with an overall width of just 130 mm.

• Up to 2 hours fire resistance(with Knauf Fireshield)



Key System: ShaftwallKnauf Shaftwall is a heavy duty partition system that can be whollyconstructed from one side, making it ideal for situations such as lift shaftswhere it would be impractical to work from the shaft side. Knauf ‘C-T’ Studs are used to retain fire-and-moisture-resistant Knauf Coreboard on the shaft side without the need for screws. Knauf Soundshield is used on the lobby side for easy finishing.

Knauf Crown Acoustic Partition Roll

Knauf Acoustic‘C’ Stud

KnaufSoundshield

Knauf Coreboard

Knauf Soundshield

Further information is contained within

The Complete Drywall Manual, available

online at our award winning website:

www.knaufdrywall.co.uk/themanual

together with a range of interactive tools

to aid the specifier and contractor.

Customer Service

Freephone: 0800 521 050

Freefax: 0800 521 205

E-mail: [email protected]

Technical Service

Tel: 01795 416 259

Literature

Tel: 08700 613 700

Website

www.knaufdrywall.co.uk

Knauf Drywall

PO Box 133

Sittingbourne

Kent ME10 3HW

Tel: (01795) 424 499

Fax: (01795) 428 651

Knauf Drywall Factory

Locations

Ridham Dock

Sittingbourne

Kent

Queens Road

Immingham

N.E. Lincolnshire

© Copyr ight Knauf Dr ywal l 2006

The information given in this document is believed to be current and accurate as at the date of publication, but no warranty expressor implied is given. Updates will not be automatically issued.

As part of our policy of continuous product development, we reservethe right to revise specifications without notice. The informationgiven in this publication is provided for guidance only and is correct to the best of our knowledge and belief. It is inevitablygeneralised and users should satisfy themselves as to the suitabilityfor the specific circumstances in which they seek to apply it.

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