design and user guide - itron rf board contains a ti cc1260 transceiver serving as a fully...

Itron Riva™ RF Board Design and User Guide Itron Riva RF Board

Identification Itron Riva RF Board Design and User Guide 574404r1 Copyright © 2016 Itron, Inc. All rights reserved. Confidentiality Notice The information contained herein is proprietary and confidential and is being provided subject to the condition that (i) it be held in confidence except to the extent required otherwise by law and (ii) it will be used only for the purposes described herein. Any third party that is given access to this information shall be similarly bound in writing. Trademark Notice Itron is a registered trademark of Itron, Inc. All other product names and logos in this documentation are used for identification purposes only and may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Suggestions If you have comments or suggestions on how we may improve this documentation, send them to [email protected]. For more information about Itron or Itron products, see www.itron.com. If you have questions or comments about the software or hardware product, contact Itron Technical Support Services.

Contact Email: [email protected] Internet: support.itron.com Telephone Itron Technical Support North America: 1-877-487-6602 For technical support contact information by region, go to www.itron.com and select your country and language.

Before You Begin .......................................................................................................... v

ESD Warning ....................................................................................................................................... v Terminology ......................................................................................................................................... v Reference Materials ........................................................................................................................... vi Product Overview .............................................................................................................................. vii

Board Description ......................................................................................................... 1

Power Handling ................................................................................................................................... 1 Configuration ....................................................................................................................................... 2 Components ........................................................................................................................................ 2

CPU ........................................................................................................................................... 2 Clocking .................................................................................................................................... 2 Firmware ................................................................................................................................... 2 Stacking .................................................................................................................................... 3 Indicator LEDs........................................................................................................................... 4

Expansion Connector Pinout Descriptions ................................................................. 5

RF Board Expansion Connector P8 Pinout ......................................................................................... 5 P8 Pin Descriptions ............................................................................................................................. 6

P8 – 10 SDAA_DSP_TO_PIC .................................................................................................. 6 P8 – 11 SDLA_DSP_TO_PIC ................................................................................................... 6 P8 – 22 PIC_ICSP_CLK_PON_WAKEUP ................................................................................ 6

Early Power Fail (EPF) ................................................................................................... 7 Power Outage Notification Wakeup ................................................................................ 7

P8 – 23 EPF_IN ........................................................................................................................ 7 RF Board Expansion Connector P9 Pinout ......................................................................................... 7

RF Board Suggested Antennas .................................................................................... 9

RF and PLC Signal Path Block Diagram .................................................................... 11

Contents

Itron Riva RF Board Design and User Guide iii Proprietary and Confidential

Contents

Itron Riva RF Board Design and User Guide iv Proprietary and Confidential

This guide provides developers with technical information about the RF daughter board to add RF communications functionality of the Itron Riva™ Edge for various applications. The guide primarily covers high-level hardware information. When relevant to the design and usage of the RF board, certain sections of this guide discuss the entire Itron Riva Edge board as part of the Itron Riva Edge Development Kit. A separate document covers the Itron Riva Edge Development Kit explicitly.

ESD Warning This product, like all microcontroller products, uses semiconductors that can be damaged by electrostatic discharge (ESD). Damage due to inappropriate handling is not covered by the warranty.

Warning Treat this product as any other solid state component that you may use in an ESD-safe engineering or manufacturing environment. Many exposed pins do not have any additional ESD protection beyond what is provided by the integrated circuit directly connected to that pin. Treat it as you would treat any other high-density, low-voltage electronic component.

Warning Do not stack units while powered. "Hot-stacking" the units is not recommended and is not covered under the warranty or return policy. This can cause large voltage spikes that exceed part tolerances, which can cause irreparable damage. Be sure to stack the units in the desired configuration before powering the stack as a whole.

Observe the following precautions:

• Do not open the protective conductive packaging until you have read all precautions and are at an approved anti-static work station.

• Use a conductive wrist strap attached to a good earth ground. • If working on a prototyping board, use a soldering iron or station that is marked as ESD safe. • Always disconnect the microcontroller from the prototyping board before working on it. • Always discharge yourself by touching a grounded bare metal surface or approved anti-static mat before

picking up an ESD-sensitive electronic component. • Use an approved anti-static mat to cover your work surface.

Terminology The following terms are used throughout this guide.

Abbreviation Term Definition EPF Early Power Fail An indication to the Linux system that the user requires a

graceful shutdown. HV_CMP High Voltage Compare This is the circuit name for the power fail sense input to the

PMIC. It is used to create PDN_POWERFAIL to ensure the rails are shutdown with proper sequencing.

Before You Begin

Itron Riva RF Board Design and User Guide v Proprietary and Confidential

Before You Begin

IP Intellectual Property A product of the intellect which the law protects from unauthorized use (for example, the extensions Itron has created to extend the capabilities of the platform in its products).

MMPS Main Motherboard Power Supply

The main power supply for the motherboard that the module is soldered to. At times in this document it is also referred to as +24VDC. This supply is the one that all power rails and power control signals are ultimately derived from.

PIC Port Interface Card A Microchip microprocessor used to control power rails and provide other services to the A8

PLC Power Line Communication A method of transmitting and receiving data through the power lines.

PMIC Power Management Interface Card

A chip with multiple switching and low-dropout (LDO) regulators and other power rail management circuitry.

SAW Filter Surface Acoustic Wave Filter

An electromechanical device that converts acoustic waves to electrical signals.

SDR Software-Defined Radio A radio communication system that traditionally was implemented in hardware but can now be implemented in software because of improved digital electronics. Notably, it can be configured and re-configured while in operation.

uPP Universal Parallel Port A multichannel, high-speed parallel data bus with I/O speeds up to 75 MHz. This TI invention is common in software-defined radio.

Reference Materials • Itron Riva Edge Design and User Guide • Itron Riva PLC Design and User Guide • TI A8 Product Preview (SPRS717B) • TI A8 Technical Reference (SPRUH73C) • TI Delfino Microcontroller Datasheet (TMS320F28377D) • Microchip PIC16(L)F1824/8 Datasheet (DS40001419E) • NXP PCF85363A RTC Datasheet • CDP 3.02 PICInCircuitProgramming.docx • Skyworks SKY65362-11 Datasheet (202886B)

Itron Riva RF Board Design and User Guide vi Proprietary and Confidential

Before You Begin

Product Overview The Itron RF hardware module is designed as a development platform for the Itron Riva communications system. The module may also be used as a component in end-user designs.

The RF board is a dual-purpose module driven by the dual-core Delfino™ microcontroller from Texas Instruments (TI). The Delfino is uniquely suited to implement the Itron Riva platform, administering multiple communication standards simultaneously. The RF board provides high-performance, low-power wireless communications in the 915-Mhz and 920-MHz ISM frequency bands.

The RF board can be used with the Itron Riva Edge board, which provides power and master control. An optional use of the RF board (left) is to serve as a host to the PLC board (right). The PLC board is an integrated power-line module capable of transformer-coupled connections to a power line.

These components are daughter boards in the style of stackable modules to expand the capabilities of the Itron Riva Edge board for various Internet of Things (IoT) implementations. The following image shows the Itron Riva Edge board.

Itron Riva RF Board Design and User Guide vii Proprietary and Confidential

Before You Begin

Together, these components form the three-board stack shown here.

Item Component 1 PLC daughter board

2 RF daughter board

3 Itron Riva Edge board

Itron Riva RF Board Design and User Guide viii Proprietary and Confidential

The RF board is designed to stack on the Itron Riva Edge Board and provides expanded functionality by enabling multitasking and wireless communication in the 900–930 MHz ISM frequency bands. The RF board is typically used as a slave module to the Itron Riva Edge board but can be used with other processors. For antenna information, see RF Board Suggested Antennas on page 9.

The following table lists the available hardware.

Item Description Notes 5 VDC and 3.3 VDC supply

Obtained directly from the Itron Riva Edge board through expansion connectors.

DSP Microcontroller Dual-Core 32-Bit Single-Precision Floating-Point

200 MHz, 512 KB of flash, 172 KB of RAM

RF Transceiver Linear Quadrature RF Front-End Sub-1GHz I/Q front-end for software- defined radio (SDR) and IEEE 802.15.4g

RF Front-End Module High-power Single-ended 50Ω Tx/Rx RF interface

Integrated power amplifier and low-noise amplifier for extending range

RF Switch DPDT (Double-pole Double-throw) solid-state switch

Wideband, low-loss, high-isolation switch. Selects 870 MHz or 920 MHz center frequency.

RF Filters Surface acoustic wave filter Low-loss, steep roll-off stop band TCXO Temperature compensated crystal

oscillator 40 MHz and ÷2 20 MHz; highly stable over extended temperature range.

Expansion Headers SPI0, SPI1 Two 2×20-pin stack-able connectors (100- mil/2.54-mm pitch)

UART2 Bottom of board test points marked SCI-A

UART3 Bottom of board test points marked SCI-C

JTAG Bottom of board test points marked JTAG

Power Handling The RF board requires an input power supply of +5 VDC and +3.3 VDC, which are sequenced and passed through the expansion connectors from the Itron Riva Edge board.

If the PLC board is used, it requires an input power of +24 VDC that has been filtered and stepped down from the main AC supply to the PLC coupler. The PLC supplies the remaining stack: the RF and Itron Riva Edge boards, as well as +5 VDC and +3.3 VDC (required locally).

The supply wattage for each board is not yet determined. The RF board potentially consumes from 1 to 2 watts. The PLC potentially consumes from 1 to 5 watts.

C H A P T E R 1

Board Description

Itron Riva RF Board Design and User Guide 1 Proprietary and Confidential

Board Description

Configuration The RF board comes configured and flashed with the most up-to-date firmware. CPU1, or core #1, on the DSP runs the RF firmware, while CPU2, or core #2, of the DSP runs the PLC firmware. For future or field updates, use UART4 (pins P8-5 and P8-6) or UART1 (pins P8-33 and P8-34) to update the DSP firmware. For more information, see Expansion Connector Pinout Descriptions on page 5.

Components This chapter describes the major components on the RF board and provides information on connecting it to the PLC and Itron Riva Edge boards. Datasheets are available for more detailed information (see Reference Materials on page vi).

CPU The Itron Riva platform features a TI TMS320F2837xD dual-core Delfino microcontroller. This processor contains a number of internal peripherals, including four SCI/UARTs, three SPIs, four ADCs, one uPP, and one USB 2.0. This is a 200-MHz dual-core DSP with a Trigonometric Math Unit (TMU) and a Viterbi/Complex Math Unit (VCU-II).

The RF board contains a TI CC1260 transceiver serving as a fully quadrature (in-phase and quadrature signals) front-end for SDR in the sub-1GHz range. The data is packaged and sent from the DSP over the uPP interface to the CC1260, where it is modulated, up-converted, and transmitted differentially or vice versa in receive mode.

The RF front-end uses the Skyworks SKY65362-11 high-power module. This chip performs Rx and Tx amplification via a low-noise amplifier (LNA) and power amplifier (PA) respectively. It also decreases noise and extends communication range.

Clocking The RF board contains a 40-MHz crystal oscillator to clock the TI CC1260 transceiver. A single D-flip flop divides the frequency by two and clocks the dual-core digital signal processor (DSP) at 20 MHz (TI Delfino microcontroller).

Firmware The latest firmware version is available through the Itron Riva website here:

http://itronriva.com/download/firmware


http://itronriva.com/download/firmware

Board Description

Stacking This section covers the proper physical stacking of the daughter boards onto the Itron Riva Edge board and the powering of all three units.

Item Component 1 SMA antenna 2 RF board 3 Itron Riva Edge board

The RF board is always the first daughter board to be stacked onto the Itron Riva Edge Board as the PLC board does not have the longer expansion header tail-length for proper seating on the Edge board. The board profile of the RF Board should match the profile of the Itron Riva Edge Board, as in the following figure. The PLC board, with a shorter expansion header tail-length, always stacks on top of the RF board for proper seating.

Item Component 1 PLC board 2 RF board 3 Itron Riva Edge board


Board Description

Indicator LEDs The RF board contains three LED indicator: two for power supply rails and one to indicate the state of the Delfino DSP microcontroller.

Item LED Label

Description

1 +3.3V The +3.3V_EXP power supply rail is up.

2 +5.0V The +5.0V_SWITCH power supply rail is up.

3 DSP The Delfino DSP microcontroller is active.


The following tables show the expansion header connections (P8 and P9) and all signals related to the functionality of the RF board. Other signals, such as those used between the Edge and PLC directly, are not listed. The pins on the RF board are not configurable.

The DSP Pin column lists the pin number of the DSP Delfino microcontroller associated with an expansion connector pin, directly or indirectly. The "--" indicates not relevant or applicable.

RF Board Expansion Connector P8 Pinout

P8 Pin DSP Pin 574404 Name Itron Riva Edge Name 1 101 GND GND 2 -- +5.0V +5.0V 3 -- +5.0V +5.0V 4 -- 3V3_EXP 3V3_EXP 5 97 SCI_DSP_RXDC UART4_TXD 6 96 SCI_DSP_TXDC UART4_RXD 7 -- -- HV_CMP_AUX 8 -- -- GPIO3_18 (LSYNC) 9 -- -- WARMRSTN 10 98 SDAA_DSP_TO_PIC PIC_I2C1_SCL 11 99 SDLA_DSP_TO_PIC PIC_I2C1_SDA 12 56 SPI1_CS1 SPI1_CS1 13 -- -- SPI1_CS0 14 53 SPI1_MISO SPI1_MISO 15 52 SPI_MOSI SPI1_MOSI 16 54 SPI1_SCLK SPI1_SCLK 17 -- -- I2C2_SDA 18 -- -- I2C2_SCL 19 -- -- GPIO3_0 (UART5_RX) 20 -- -- GPIO3_4 (UART5_TX) 21 -- LANRES* GPIO3_8 (ETH_RES*) 22 51 PIC_ICSP_CLK_PON_

WAKEUP PON_WAKEUP/ICSPCLK

23 26 EPF_IN* EPF_AUX* 24 -- SPI0_CS0 SPI0_CS0 25 61 SPI0_CS1 SPI0_CS1 26 59 SPI0_MISO SPI0_MISO 27 58 SPI0_MOSI SPI0_MOSI 28 60 SPI0_SCLK SPI0_SCLK 29 57 DSP0_IRQ* GPIO2_22 (DSP0_IRQ)

C H A P T E R 2

Expansion Connector Pinout Descriptions



30 -- -- GPIO3_21 31 82 DSP1_IRQ* GPIO2_23 (DSP1_IRQ) 32 -- -- GPIO3_19 33 74 SCI_DSP_RXDA UART1_TXD 34 73 SCI_DSP_TXDA UART1_RXD 35 -- -- RTC_IRQ* 36 -- -- BATTERY 37 -- -- AIN_0 38 -- -- AIN_1 39 -- +5.0V +5.0V 40 101 GND GND

P8 Pin Descriptions This section describes some of the pin functionality on the RF board P8 expansion header.

P8 – 10 SDAA_DSP_TO_PIC This line is the PIC SCL signal after a buffer. The buffer disconnects the PIC from the A8 I2C1 SCL when entering a power fail condition while allowing the Itron Riva boards to stay connected.

P8 – 11 SDLA_DSP_TO_PIC These two pins support the I2C lines for the port interface card (PIC). They do not go directly to the A8 but through a buffer chip to the A8. This is to allow a motherboard-based peripheral chip to share the PIC features through the I2C bus.

P8 – 22 PIC_ICSP_CLK_PON_WAKEUP This pin is used for two different purposes based on the operation of the system. During factory programming, ICSPDAT is part of the programming pin set used to configure the PIC processor, which is located on the iSOM processor on the Itron Riva Edge board.

Caution The pins can be sensitive to circuit design, which may interfere with programming the board. See the Microchip PIC16LF1824 datasheet for more information.

During normal operation, this pin is used as part of the Early Power Fail system. A Power Outage Notification Wakeup (PON_WAKEUP) pulse is generated as a result of an EPF signal and some timing delays.



Early Power Fail (EPF) An EPF (Early Power Fail) pulse is created on the Itron Riva Edge board or from a user daughter board. It informs the A8 that it must shut down as soon as possible. The EPF signal also goes to the RF board to initiate sending PON (Power Outage Notification) packets. After an EPF occurs, the RF board and the A8 operate asynchronously. The A8 then shuts down to conserve power.

While the A8 shuts down, the communications module sends three timer values to the PIC via the I2C bus. The RF board then enters a low-power mode and waits for the PIC.

Power Outage Notification Wakeup A PON_WAKEUP (Power Outage Notification Wakeup) pulse is generated when the first timer expires in the PIC, causing a PIC internal interrupt. PON_WAKEUP may be configured normally high or low, and the pulse duration may also be configured. The RF board sees PON_WAKEUP as an interrupt and exits low-power mode to send a message packet indicating that there has been a power loss. As soon as possible, the RF board then returns to low-power mode and waits for the next PON_WAKEUP pulse from the Edge board.

After the PIC generates a PON_WAKEUP pulse, the next timer value is loaded and the process is repeated a total of three times. After the RF board has sent its three PON messages, it shuts down.

P8 – 23 EPF_IN EPF is the Early Power Fail input and is an active low. In other words, when EPF is high, there is no presence of a power failure. EPF is effectively an input to the DSP, the PIC, and the A8. EPF is mainly used to allow the product motherboard to alert the module that power will soon be lost. It is typically the first signal to go low when a shutdown is required.

EPF can be provided to this pin or from circuitry from the Itron Riva Edge board when the +5 VDC rail falls to +4.4 VDC or from another user daughter board. If you require another voltage, then R45 must be removed from the board to isolate this pin from the Edge board output.

EPF is a required part of the power-on sequence and is required before the PIC will activate the power rails for the A8. Therefore, EPF must be raised when (or after) the +5 VDC is initially applied. Typically, if the main supply rail contains hold-up capacitors and EPF is held low until the capacitors are sufficiently charged, they will provide enough hold-up power for the system to shut down gracefully.

If the Power Management Interface Card (PMIC) is not high, it partially powers the module (LDOs) but not the A8 until it goes high.

RF Board Expansion Connector P9 Pinout Note No signals on P9 directly relate to RF board operation. They are

explained in the Itron Riva Edge Design and User Guide and in the PLC Design and User Guide.

P9 Pin DSP Pin 574404 Name Itron Riva Edge Name 1 101 GND GND 2 -- +5.0V +5.0V 3 -- +5.0V +5.0V 4 -- 3V3_EXP 3V3_EXP 5 -- 3V3_EXP 3V3_EXP



6 24 AFE_SD GPIO0_19 (CLKOUT1) 7 91 AFE032_DAC -- 8 -- -- GPIO1_16 9 -- -- GPIO1_20 10 -- -- GPIO1_22 11 -- -- GPIO1_23 12 -- -- GPIO1_27 (WDE) 13 21 AFE032_ZERO_C

ROSSING --

14 -- -- GPIO1_21 (REV1) 15 -- -- GPIO1_26 (REV2) 16 -- -- I2C0_SDA 17 -- -- I2C0_SCL 18 -- -- I2C1_SDA_A8 19 -- -- I2C1_SCL_A8 20 -- -- GPIO0_20 (CLKOUT2) 21 -- -- GPIO3_20 (ACCEL_IRQ) 22 22 IMP_MEAS1 -- 23 27 IMP_MEAS2 -- 24 -- -- ICSPDAT/PIC_EPF 25 77 SPI_AFE032_CLK -- 26 76 SPI_AFE032_MIS

O --

27 75 SPI_AFE032_MOSI

--

28 80 SPI_AFE032_CS -- 29 30 AFE032_INT_TO_

DSP --

30 20 AFE032_RX_ADC -- 31 -- -- NINT_REFCLK0 32 -- -- NRST_RTC 33 -- -- PDN_FAILSAFE# 34 -- -- RTC_CLKOUT 35 -- -- NNMI 36 -- -- TAMPER# 37 -- -- AIN_2 38 -- -- AIN_3 39 -- +5.0V +5.0V 40 101 GND GND


The RF daughter board is intended to be used with a low gain (no more than 2 dBi) dipole or monopole antenna, such as a. rubber duck centered at 916 MHz. This is a lightweight, portable, indoor or outdoor antenna used for medium ranges (up to one mile). Two proposed antennas are as follows:

• Linx Technologies ½ Wave Whip Center-Fed Dipole Gain: 1.2 dBi Connector type: Male RP-SMA or Part 15 compliant RP-SMA

• Pasternack Enterprises ¼ Wave Dipole Gain: 0–1 dBi Connector type: Right-angle male RP-SMA

The antenna can be attached to the SMA antenna port via a cable or attached directly if the connector type is the proper mating connector.

A P P E N D I X A

RF Board Suggested Antennas


RF Board Suggested Antennas


A P P E N D I X B

RF and PLC Signal Path Block Diagram


RF and PLC Signal Path Block Diagram


design and user guide - itron rf board contains a ti cc1260 transceiver serving as a fully...

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