design and implementation of a service-oriented information
TRANSCRIPT
Design and Implementation of a
Service-oriented Information System
Architecture Based on a Case Study
15 November 2006
Contents
Abbreviations IV
List of Figures VII
Listings XI
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Motivation and Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Structure of the Thesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 General Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4 Cooperation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2 Basic Principles 5
2.1 Principles of Information and Application Systems . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.1.1 Information Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.1.2 Level of Tasks and Level of Task Bearers . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.1.3 The Concept of a Business Task . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1.4 Application Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.1.5 Distributed Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2 Architectures of Information and Application Systems . . . . . . . . 11
2.2.1 Information System Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.2.2 Application System Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3 Service-Oriented Architecture 14
3.1 Fundamentals of Service-Oriented Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.1.1 The SOA Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.1.2 Principles of Service-Orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.1.3 Meta-Model for Service-Oriented Architecture . . . . . . . . 21
3.1.4 Reference Model for Service-Oriented Architecture . . . . . . 23
3.1.5 De�nition of SOA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.2 Implementation of Service Oriented Architectures . . . . . . . . . . 26
4 SAP's Enterprise Service-Oriented Architecture 30
I
Contents
4.1 Fundamentals of Enterprise Service-Oriented Architecture . . . . . 30
4.1.1 Basic Concepts of Enterprise SOA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
4.1.2 De�nition of Enterprise SOA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
4.2 Technology Environment of Enterprise Service-Oriented Architecture 35
4.2.1 NetWeaver Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
4.2.2 Composite Application Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
4.2.3 Visual Composer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
4.3 Ecosystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
5 Approach to Design and Implementation of an SOA 50
5.1 Design of an SOA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
5.1.1 The Semantic Object Model (SOM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
5.1.2 Speci�cation of the Business System using SOM Methodology 53
5.1.3 Speci�cation of the Business Application System using SOM
Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
5.1.4 Technical Design for Implementation with SAP NetWeaver . 57
5.2 Implementation of an SOA using SAP NetWeaver Technology . . . 60
5.2.1 Creation of Processes with CAF Guided Procedures . . . . . 60
5.2.2 Implementation of Back End Web Services in ABAP or Java 61
5.2.3 Implementation of Composite Services with CAF Core . . . 62
5.2.4 Implementation of User Interfaces with Visual Composer . . 63
6 Design and Implementation of the Case Study Architecture 64
6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
6.1.1 Technical Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
6.1.2 Scenario of the Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
6.2 Design of the Case Study Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
6.2.1 Speci�cation of the Business System . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
6.2.2 Speci�cation of the Business Application System . . . . . . . 71
6.2.3 Technical Design for Implementation with SAP NetWeaver . 73
6.3 Implementation of the Case Study Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . 76
6.3.1 Process, Blocks and Actions in CAF GP . . . . . . . . . . . 76
6.3.2 Back End Web Services based on J2EE Development . . . . 77
6.3.3 Composite Services and Web Services in CAF Core . . . . . 79
6.3.4 Visual Composer iViews with Web Service Calls . . . . . . . 85
6.3.5 Users in the Enterprise Portal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
6.3.6 Callable Objects and Process Flow in CAF GP . . . . . . . 94
6.3.7 Universal Work List Con�guration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
6.3.8 Process Initiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
II
Contents
6.4 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
6.4.1 Design Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
6.4.2 Implementation Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
7 Summary 103
Bibliography 105
Appendix 115
A SOA De�nitions 116
B Case Study Design 120
C Case Study Implementation 124
C.1 CAF Core . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
C.2 Visual Composer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
C.3 CAF GP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
C.4 Demo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Erkl�arung 150
III
Abbreviations
ABAP Advanced Business Application Programming
ARIS Architecture of Integrated Information Systems
AS Application Server
AS Application System
BAPI Business Application Programming Interface
BI Business Intelligence
BO Business Object
BPEL Business Process Execution Language
BPM Business Process Management
BPP Business Process Platform
BPX Business Process Expert
CA Composite Application
CAF Composite Application Framework
CAS Composite Application Services
ccBPM Cross-Component Business Process Management
CO Callable Object
CRM Customer Relationship Management
CRUD Create, Read, Update, Delete
DBMS Database Management System
DC Development Component
DOM Document Object Model
DSAG Deutschsprachige SAP Anwender Gruppe
EDA Event Driven Architecture
EJB Enterprise JavaBean
EMG Event Management Group (Case Study Only)
IV
Abbreviations
EP Enterprise Portal
ERP Enterprise Resource Planning
ES Enterprise Service
ESA Enterprise Services Architecture
ESOA Enterprise Service-Oriented Architecture
ESR Enterprise Services Repository
GP Guided Procedures
GML Generalized Modeling Language
GUID Globally Unique Identi�er
HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol
IDE Integrated Development Environment
IS Information System
ISV Independent Software Vendor
IT Information Technology
J2EE Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition
JEE Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Since J2EE 1.5)
KM Knowledge Management
MDA Model Driven Architecture
MDM Master Data Management
NW NetWeaver
OASIS Organization for the Advancement of Structured Infor-
mation Standards
OMG Object Management Group
PCD Portal Content Directory
PLM Product Lifecycle Management
PROMET Process Method
RFC Remote Function Call
RPC Remote Procedure Call
SAP SAP AG - Systeme, Anwendungen und Produkte in der
Datenverarbeitung
SCM Supply Chain Management
V
Abbreviations
SDN SAP Developer Network
SLD System Landscape Directory
SOA Service-Oriented Architecture
SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol
SOM Semantic Object Model
SQL Structured Query Language
SRM Supplier Relationship Management
UDDI Universal Description, Discovery and Integration
UI User Interface
UME User Management Engine
URL Uniform Resource Locator
VC Visual Composer
VI Virtual Interface
W3C World Wide Web Consortium
WD Web Dynpro
WS Web Service
WSD Web Service De�nition
WSDL Web Service Description Language
WSI Web Service Interface
WSIL Web Service Inspection Language
WWW World Wide Web
xApp Packaged Composite Application
XI Exchange Infrastructure
XML Extensible Markup Language
VI
List of Figures
1.1 Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies, [FeLi05] . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Structure of the Thesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1 Information System, cp. [FeSi06, p. 4/444] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2 Structure of a Task, cp. [FeSi06, p. 92] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.3 Structure of a Procedure, cp. [FeSi06, p. 98] . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.4 Loosely Coupled and Tightly Coupled Components, [FeSi94, p. 3] . 10
2.5 Conceptual Framework for Distributed Systems, [FeSi94, p. 4] . . . 10
2.6 Generic Architectural Framework, [Sinz02, p. 1056] . . . . . . . . . 12
2.7 Information System Architecture, Application System Architecture
and Software Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.1 Basic Concept of SOA, [Amm+05, p. 1507] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.2 Di�erent Levels of Tight and Loose Coupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.3 SOA Layers of Abstraction, [Bie+06, p. 87] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.4 Stateless and Stateful, [Erl05, p. 308] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.5 Meta-model for Service-Oriented Architectures . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.6 Reference Model for Service-Oriented Architectures . . . . . . . . . 23
3.7 SOAP Message and a WSDL service speci�cation, [Alo+04, p. 157/167] 27
3.8 Web Service Interaction Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.9 WS-* Standards, [Mult06] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
4.1 Enterprise Service Example 'Cancel Order', [SAPT06e, SOA200] . . 32
4.2 SAP's Enterprise Service-Oriented Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4.3 From Infrastructure to Applistructure, [SAPT06c] . . . . . . . . . . 35
4.4 Enterprise SOA with SAP NetWeaver, Own Illustration . . . . . . . 36
4.5 Anatomy of a Composite Application, [SAPT06a] . . . . . . . . . . 42
4.6 Types of Composites, [SAPNb, p. 40] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
4.7 GP Process Context as a Shared Data Storage, [SAPNa, p. 30] . . . 44
4.8 Meta-Model of Guided Procedures Design Time, Own Illustration . 45
4.9 Options for Adding Callable Objects to Actions, Own Graphic . . . 46
4.10 Architecture of Visual Composer, [SAPT06e] . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
VII
List of Figures
4.11 Enterprise Services Request and Review De�nition Groups . . . . . 49
5.1 Enterprise Architecture of SOM [FeSi98, p. 341] . . . . . . . . . . . 52
5.2 Object-Oriented Concept of Business Objects, [FeSi97, p. 12] . . . . 53
5.3 Transaction-Oriented Concept of Coordinating Loosely Coupled
Business Objects, [FeSi97, p. 13] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
5.4 SOM Meta-Model of Business Process Model [FeSi98, p. 344] . . . . 55
5.5 SOM Meta-Model of Business Application Systems [FeSi98, p. 353] 56
5.6 Relationship Meta-Model for the SOM business application system
and Guided Procedures Design Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
5.7 Creation of Callable Objects in GP, [SAPT06b] . . . . . . . . . . . 60
5.8 Creation of Actions in GP, [SAPT06b] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
5.9 Creation of Blocks in GP, [SAPT06b] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
5.10 Creation of Processes in GP, [SAPT06b] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
5.11 Inside-Out and Outside-In Web Services, [SAPT06d] . . . . . . . . 62
5.12 Visual Composer Modeling Work ow, [SAPT06e] . . . . . . . . . . 63
6.1 Interaction Schema (left) and Task-Event Schema (right) of Business
Process Distribution (First Level) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
6.2 Interaction Schema of Business Process Distribution (Final Level) . 69
6.3 Schema of Task Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
6.4 Guided Procedures Process Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
6.5 Service-Oriented Architecture of Event Management Group . . . . . 75
6.6 Guided Procedures Gallery Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
6.7 Created Actions in Gallery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
6.8 Tree Structure of GP Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
6.9 Service Enablement of EDMFoundationBean . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
6.10 Backend Web Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
6.11 CAF Core Development Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
6.12 External Service EMGProjectWS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
6.13 Attributes of Entity Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
6.14 Entity Service with Remote Persistency Mapping . . . . . . . . . . 83
6.15 Operations of Application Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
6.16 Creation of Portal Content Folder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
6.17 Visual Composer Compiler Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
6.18 Visual Composer System De�nition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
6.19 iViews of ProjectAssignmentsCreationProcess . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
6.20 Model for iView Send Rental Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
6.21 Layout for iView Send Rental Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
VIII
List of Figures
6.22 Mapping for Event in iView Select Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
6.23 ResultStates in iView Accept Rental Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
6.24 Action in iView Select Employee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
6.25 Assigned Employees Table Field in iView Select Employee . . . . . 92
6.26 Layers in iView Select Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
6.27 Adding iViews to EP Roles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
6.28 Creation of Portal Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
6.29 ResultStates of Action Accept Order in GP . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
6.30 Parameter Mapping Groups of Block Project Determination Phase . 96
6.31 Roles in Process Project Assignments Creation . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
B.1 Task-Event Schema of Business Process Distribution (Final Level) I 120
B.2 Task-Event Schema of Business Process Distribution (Final Level) II 121
B.3 Task-Event Schema of Business Process Distribution (Final Level) III122
B.4 Schema of Conceptual Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
C.1 GML Source for iView Send Rental Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
C.2 Model for iView Accept Rental Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
C.3 Model for iView Select Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
C.4 Model for iView Approve Employee List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
C.5 Model for iView Select Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
C.6 Model for iView Approve Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
C.7 Model for iView Send Rental Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
C.8 Available Callable Object Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
C.9 Process Initiation (Emil Eve) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
C.10 Universal Worklist (Peter Pro) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
C.11 Send Rental Order (Peter Pro) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
C.12 Universal Worklist (Richard Rent) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
C.13 Accept Rental Order (Richard Rent) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
C.14 Universal Worklist (Eric Empl) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
C.15 Select Employees (Eric Empl) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
C.16 Universal Worklist (Marcus Mat) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
C.17 Select Material - Assign Material (Marcus Mat) . . . . . . . . . . . 145
C.18 Select Material - HTML Website (Marcus Mat) . . . . . . . . . . . 145
C.19 Select Material - Google Web Service (Marcus Mat) . . . . . . . . . 146
C.20 Select Material - Send (Marcus Mat) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
C.21 Universal Worklist (Richard Rent) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
C.22 Approve Employee List (Richard Rent) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
C.23 Approve Material List (Richard Rent) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
IX
List of Figures
C.24 Universal Worklist (Peter Pro) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
C.25 Finalize Rental Order (Peter Pro) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
C.26 Process Review (Emil Eve) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
X
Listings
C.1 Operation �ndEmployeeAssignmentListForProject . . . . . . . . . . 124
C.2 Operation createEmployeeAssignmentListForProject . . . . . . . . . 124
C.3 Operation queryEmployees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
C.4 Operation queryProjects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
C.5 Operation queryProjects (External Service Access) . . . . . . . . . 126
C.6 Entity Service Employee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
C.7 Application Service ManageEmployee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
XI
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114
Appendix
A SOA De�nitions
"In short, an SOA is a strategic framework of technology that allows all interesting
systems, inside and outside of an organization, to expose and access well de�ned
services, that may be furthermore abstracted to orchestration layers and composite
applications" [Lint04].
\In this context, we de�ne SOA as a way of designing and implementing enter-
prise applications that deals with the intercommunication of loosely coupled, coarse
grained (business level), reusable artifacts (services)" [Oasi06b].
\SOA is the architectural style that supports loosely coupled services to enable
business exibility in an interoperable, technology-agnostic manner. SOA consists
of a composite set of business-aligned services that support a exible and dynami-
cally re-con�gurable end-to-end business processes realization using interface-based
service descriptions" [Bor+04].
\SOA is about architecting, designing and integrating applications, systems and
processes through collections of shared business services. These business services
are basically modular pieces of software that perform a discrete, well-de�ned busi-
ness function. The underlying complexity of the technology has been abstracted
from the business processes for maximum agility, and the software services collab-
orate by using universal standards. SOA moves the primary focus from technology
toward process de�nition and transparency. An example of an SOA in action is the
Internet: DNS, HTTP, SMTP and other standard internet parts work for di�erent
business functions, for users with di�erent operating systems. SOA is all this taken
to the next level" [Bakk05].
\Simply put, SOA is a broad, standards-based framework in which services are
built, deployed, managed, and orchestrated in pursuit of new and much more agile
IT infrastructures that respond swiftly to shifting business demands" [KnRi05].
\The policies, practices, frameworks that enable application functionality to be
provided and consumed as sets of services published at a granularity relevant to
the service consumer. Services can be invoked, published and discovered, and are
abstracted away from the implementation using a single, standards-based form of
interface" [SpWi04].
\A Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a software architecture that is based on
the key concepts of an application frontend, service, service repository, and service
116
A SOA De�nitions
bus. A service consists of a contract, one or more interfaces, and an implementa-
tion" [Kra+05].
\SOA is a conceptual business architecture where business functionality, or ap-
plication logic, is made available to SOA users, or consumers, as shared, reusable
services on an IT network. 'Services' in an SOA are modules of business or applica-
tion functionality with exposed interfaces, and are invoked by messages" [MaBe06].
\A set of components which can be invoked, and whose interface descriptions can
be published and discovered" [W3C04].
\SOA is not a technology per se, but rather a set of principles and methodologies
for designing and developing software 'services' that can be deployed and managed
across an enterprise network. These 'services' are, in essence, software components-
discrete pieces of code and/or data structures-that can be reused for di�erent pur-
poses. Reuse is possible because the components are packaged as self-contained,
loosely coupled units, which enable developers to work with them without a�ecting
other components. Because of their independent, modular nature, software com-
ponents can be used like building blocks to develop a variety of new applications.
They can also be made available externally to partners and suppliers for use in
their applications" [Biss05].
\SOA is an architectural style whose goal is to achieve loose coupling among in-
teracting software agents. A service is a unit of work done by a service provider
to achieve desired end results for a service consumer. Both provider and consumer
are roles played by software agents on behalf of their owners" [He03].
\Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is an architectural style that supports service
orientation. Service orientation is a way of thinking in terms of services and service-
based development and the outcomes of services. (...) An architectural style is the
combination of distinctive features in which architecture is performed or expressed.
(...)" [The 06]
\At its most basic, an SOA is a collection of services on a network that communicate
with one another. The services are loosely coupled (meaning that an application
doesn't have to know the technical details of another application in order to talk
to it), have well-de�ned, platform-independent interfaces, and are reusable. SOA
is a higher level of application development (also referred to as coarse granularity)
that, by focusing on business processes and using standard interfaces, helps mask
the underlying technical complexity of the IT environment" [Datz04].
\Service Oriented Architecture is a paradigm for organizing and utilizing dis-
tributed capabilities that may be under the control of di�erent ownership domains.
117
A SOA De�nitions
It provides a uniform means to o�er, discover, interact with and use capabilities to
produce desired e�ects consistent with measurable preconditions and expectations"
[Oasi06a, p. 29].
\With an enterprise architecture grounded in Service Orientation, we're looking
for a broad set of rules and practices that govern the design and evolution of
organizations that leverage business resources as Services. We call that set of rules
and practices Service-Oriented Architecture(SOA)" [BlSc06].
\SOA is an architectural style for building software applications that use services
available in a network such as the web. It promotes loose coupling between software
components so that they can be reused. Applications in SOA are built based on
services. A service is an implementation of a well-de�ned business functionality,
and such services can then be consumed by clients in di�erent applications or
business processes" [Mahm05].
\Eine dienstorientierte Architektur (service oriented architecture) liegt vor, wenn
die Funktionalit�aten in Form von Diensten gekapselt sind, die �uber standardisierte,
publizierte Schnittstellen verf�ugen. Weiterhin m�ussen die so gekapselten Funktio-
nalit�aten lose gekoppelt und atomar sein" [WiSc06, p. 231].
\A service-oriented architecture is a framework for integrating business processes
and supporting IT infrastructure as secure, standardized components - services -
that can be reused and combined to address changing business priorities" [Bie+06].
\Eine service-orientierte Architektur is eine Form einer verteilten Informations-
architektur, deren Fokus auf der Ank�undigung, dem Au�nden und dem dynami-
schen Aufrufen von hoch stehenden, anwendungsnahen und in sich abgeschlossenen
Diensten liegt" [HaNe05, p. 782].
\Contemporary SOA represents an open, agile, extensible, federated, composable
architecture comprised of autonomous, QoS-capable, vendor diverse, interoperable,
discoverable, and potentially reusable services, implemented as Web services. SOA
can establish an abstraction of business logic and technology, resulting in a loose
coupling between these domains. SOA is an evolution of past platforms, preserving
successful characteristics of traditional architectures, and bringing with it distinct
principles that foster service-orientation in support of a service-oriented enterprise.
SOA is ideally standardized throughout an enterprise, but achieving this state
requires a planned transition and the support of a still evolving technology set"
[Erl05, p. 54].
\A service-oriented architecture is a style of design that guides all aspects of cre-
ating and using business services throughout their lifecycle (from conception to
118
A SOA De�nitions
retirement). An SOA is also a way to de�ne and provision an IT infrastructure
to allow di�erent applications to exchange data and participate in business pro-
cesses, regardless of the operation system or programming languages underlying
those applications" [NeLo05, p. 13].
119
C Case Study Implementation
C.4 Demo
Figure C.9: Process Initiation (Emil Eve)
Figure C.10: Universal Worklist (Peter Pro)
141
C Case Study Implementation
Figure C.11: Send Rental Order (Peter Pro)
Figure C.12: Universal Worklist (Richard Rent)
142
C Case Study Implementation
Figure C.13: Accept Rental Order (Richard Rent)
Figure C.14: Universal Worklist (Eric Empl)
143
C Case Study Implementation
Figure C.15: Select Employees (Eric Empl)
Figure C.16: Universal Worklist (Marcus Mat)
144
C Case Study Implementation
Figure C.17: Select Material - Assign Material (Marcus Mat)
Figure C.18: Select Material - HTML Website (Marcus Mat)
145
C Case Study Implementation
Figure C.19: Select Material - Google Web Service (Marcus Mat)
Figure C.20: Select Material - Send (Marcus Mat)
146
C Case Study Implementation
Figure C.21: Universal Worklist (Richard Rent)
Figure C.22: Approve Employee List (Richard Rent)
147
C Case Study Implementation
Figure C.23: Approve Material List (Richard Rent)
Figure C.24: Universal Worklist (Peter Pro)
148
C Case Study Implementation
Figure C.25: Finalize Rental Order (Peter Pro)
Figure C.26: Process Review (Emil Eve)
149