dermoid cyst
DESCRIPTION
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DERMOID CYST
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Cyst lined by squamous epithelium containing desquamated cells
CONTENTS mixture of sweat, sebum,
desquamated epithelial cells, hair
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CLINICAL TYPES
CONGENITAL / SEQUESTRATION DERMOID
SITE: along lines of embryonic
fusion (midline of body or face) FORMATION: dermal cells
sequestrated in subcutaneous plane > proliferate & liquify > cyst > grows & indents mesoderm(future bone) > bony defects
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MEDIAL NASAL DERMOID CYST (root of nose at fusion lines of frontal process)
EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ANGULAR DERMOID ( fusion line of frontonasal and maxillary processes)
SUBLINGUAL DERMOID PRE –AURICULAR DERMOID POST AURICULAR DERMOID
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CLINICAL FEATURES
Manifests in childhood or adolescence
Typically a painless slow growing swelling
Soft, cystic, fluctuant, yield to pressure of finger and will not slip away
Transillumination negative Putty in consistency No impulse on coughing Underlying bony defect – clue to
diagnosis Location along line of fusion
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OTHER TYPES
IMPLANTATION DERMOID > in women, tailors, agriculturists
who sustain repeated minor injuries > sharp injury- epidermal cells
implanted in subcutaneous plane- dermoid cyst
> fingers, palm, sole of foot > hard in consistency ( skin is thick)
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TERATOMATOUS DERMOID > arise from totipotent cells > ectodermal, mesodermal,
endodermal elements > ovary, testis,retroperitoneum,
mediastinum
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TUBULO-EMBRYONIC DERMOID > from ectodermal tubes > thyroglossal cyst, post- anal
dermoid
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INVESTIGATIONS
BLOOD – TC, DC,Hb,ESR URINE Examination FNAC- X ray- subjacent bone eroded by
dermoid Ultrasonography- mass cystic/ solid CT scan- size , shape , local spread
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TREATMENT
Excision of the cyst
Mass shown ( implantation dermoid) Incision marked
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Incision started ( cyst contents leaking) cyst being removed
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THANK YOU