department of survey of pakistan
TRANSCRIPT
Department of Survey Of Pakistan
Prepared By Habib ur Rehman Chandio CE-2k14-001 Dated:16-04-2016 Civil Engineering Department Wah Engineering College(WEC)
Introduction Mission & Scope of Survey of Pakistan Functions Methods of Surveying Projects Products Significant Achievement in the History of Survey of
Pakistan Services Maps By Hand Some Historical Surveying Tools Reference
Table of content
Maj Gen Zahir Shah
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Surveyor General of
Pakistan
Survey of Pakistan, which emerged as successor to pre-partition Royal Survey of India, is a National Surveying and Mapping Organization of the country.
It is primarily responsible for all sorts of topographical land surveys of cis-frontier areas of the entire country.
The basic products include map sheets on scale 1:50,000 and 1:250,000.
Introduction
The department is actively participating in the national development projects and thus fulfilling the ever growing surveying and mapping demands of various government / semi-government and autonomous bodies.
The geodetic data prepared and maintained by the department is matchless in its accuracy and use.
Over the past years, the department has taken a mile stone turn by gradually switching over to surveying and mapping using modern techniques, methods and equipment.
Mission & Scope of Survey of Pakistan
This resulted in the outstanding capability of using and manipulating topographical data to develop wide range of applications including Geographic Information System.
Mission & Scope of Survey of Pakistan
Survey of Islamabad (Master Plan)Projects
Survey of Kachhi CanalProjects
To carry out cantonment surveys and others surveys on any desired scale which government / semi government/ autonomous bodies may demand.
In addition to above maps preparation of other derived products like Provincial, District, Tehsil maps, Guide maps, Street Maps.
A ~ Z Maps and Atlases of desired information for national development projects and general public.
Functions
To survey, print and publish topographical maps of cis-frontier terrain of Pakistan on scale 1:50,000 and derived maps on scales 1:250,000 and 1:1,000,000 for general public use and the defence forces of Pakistan.
To establish and maintain geodetic network in the entire country.
To delineate and demarcate international borders of Pakistan.
Functions
Geodetic Triangulation: Pakistan has a fairly good cover of
geodetic triangulation but it requires further extension at some places. In 1955, a programme of network of geodetic control at ten miles apart in the country was presented to the Government. But due to shortage of funds the work has not been taken up so far.
Methods Of Surveying Which are currently used in Department of Survey of Pakistan
Geodetic Leveling: The Geodetic leveling is an operation to
determine number of vertical control points which form the basis for determination of heights of other points. These heights are in relation to the fixed datum of Mean Sea Level, which have been established through series of tidal observations spread over years.
Gravity:Gravity observations are most useful for
the determination of figure and shape of the earth, to prospect for oil and minerals and lot the study of deep seated geological structures below the alluvium.
Astronomical Observations: Astronomical Observations of Azimuth and
Laplace stations are necessary to keep the triangulation net-work in correct orientation with respect to the true North. For this purpose Astronomical Latitude and Longitude positions are compared with their geodetic positions to determine the size and figure of the earth after taking into account the error due to the deviation of the vertical on account of gravity etc.
Photogrammetry: Photogrammetry means the measurement on
photographs from the Greek word ‘Grammo’ meaning measurement. This term as applicable to survey signifies preparation of maps from the aerial photographs.
The science started in the First World War when by installing cameras in the aeroplanes the French Army took the photographs of German concentrations behind the front. The photographs began to be used for topographical purposes soon after World War 1. But the methods of air survey were mostly graphical, and remained dormant for a long time.
Survey of Gwadar (Master Plan)
Projects
Survey of Bhasha (Dam Project)Projects
Survey of Pakistan publishes :- Topographical Maps Guide Maps Atlases District Maps General and Special Maps
Products
Topographic maps are detailed, accurate graphic representations of features that appear on the Earth's surface. These features include:
Cultural: roads, buildings, urban development, railways, airports, names of places and geographic features, administrative boundaries, state and international borders, reserves
Hydrography: lakes, rivers, streams, swamps, coastal flats
Relief: mountains, valleys, slopes, depressions Vegetation: wooded and cleared areas, vineyards
and orchards.
Topographical Maps
Topographical Maps
Atlases are collections of information presented in a graphic format.
An atlas is a collection of maps; it is typically a map of Earth or a region of Earth.
Today many atlases are in multimedia formats. In addition to presenting geographic features and political boundaries, many atlases often feature geopolitical, social, religious and economic statistics .
Atlases
Atlases
A Map showing division of territory, as of a country, state, or county, marked off for administrative , electoral, or other purposes.
District Maps
District Map Of Pakistan.District Map
Lahore Guide MapGuide Map
1950-Establishment of Directorate of Photogrammetry at Rawalpindi.
1964-Establishment of Directorate of Western Circle at Quetta.
1986-Establishment of Survey Training Institute at Islamabad.
1989-Establishment of Directorate of Northern Circle at Peshawar.
1994-Establishment of Directorate of Eastern Circle at Lahore.
1999-Survey Training Institute was affiliated with Punjab Board of Technical Education (PBTE) Lahore.
2010–Digitization of 1:50K sheets using 1M resolution IKONOS Satellite Imagery was started.
2012–Digitization of 1:50K sheets covering whole of Pakistan has been completed using Satellite Imagery.
2014–Surveying and Mapping Act 2014 has been passed by both houses i.e lower and upper house.
Significant Achievement in the History of Survey of Pakistan
Geospatial Data Development Services :-Survey of Pakistan (SOP) offers services
to collect, develop and deliver geospatial data by using Total Station, GPS, Digital Photogrammetry and map digitization through employing its highly professional trained staff spread all over the country. The data is served into default GIS data format i.e. ESRI Shape file in addition to a format specific to the client system.
Services
Remote Sensing ServicesSOP provides services that include image geo-
referencing, classification and mosaicing. More over, services such as preparation of ortho photos, photomaps and up-dation of existing data with latest remote sensing and aerial photos are also available at SOP. The department has its own air craft and it can provide latest aerial photographs on scales ranging from 1:5000 to 1:40,000. SOP has the capability to scan these photographs on a very high resolution to provide as digital imagery products.
Services
Geodetic Services:SOP provides services that include GPS control, boundary demarcation, supply of geographic and projected coordinates, high precise leveling, and setting of Qibla direction.
Services
Mapping ServicesSOP provides a range of services in
conventional as well as multimedia digital cartography in preparing high quality maps for its clients. Types of maps include topographic maps, thematic maps, guide maps in any Projection and Coordinate System. SOP has also printing press with conventional and latest CMYK printing techniques.
Services
Data Management ServicesThe significant developments in
geospatial technologies have geared up spatial data production. Therefore, the real challenge is to manage these data sets in order to speed up data retrieval and delivery services. SOP offers services for data management.
Services
Geo Web Portal Development ServicesData once managed need to be floated
on Internet / Intranet in order to maximize its utility. An effective, efficient and with friendly graphical user interface embedded Geo Web portal is central towards smooth data supply. SOP is capable of developing and implementing dynamic eye catching geoportals.
Services
Capacity Building ServicesSurvey Of Pakistan Department also
provides technical training up to diploma level in survey and mapping at Survey Training Institute (STI), Islamabad headed by sound professional foreign qualified director. The STI organizes regular courses of long and short duration in surveying and mapping disciplines for both departmental and extra-departmental candidates.
Services
Maps By Hand
Maps By Hand
During Mugals ( 1800) Northen Areas
Supply of Coordinates ServicesSOP supply geographical as well as
projected coordinates at nominal price according to the user needs.
Services
Coordinates Conversion ServicesSOP provides coordinate conversion
services at nominal price according to the user needs.
Services
Qibla Direction ServicesSOP can be approached for marking of
"Geographical Position of Qibla" Free of Cost for local areas of Rawalpindi/Islamabad and other stations like Lahore Karachi, Murree, Quetta. However the cases beyond the local areas mention above are also dealt but expenses including those to be incurred on traveling are borne by the applicant.
Services
Vintage Brass Theodolite alidade telescope compass survey instrument Antique
Antique Style Brass Encampment&Fortification Surveyors Compass&Sight Survey Tool
Altitude & Azimuth Instrument - Troughton & Simms, London, 18 Inch, circa 1836
19th Century Theodolite
Some Historical Surveying Equipment's
Vintage Brass Theodolite alidade telescope compass survey instrument Antique
Antique Style Brass Encampment&Fortification Surveyors Compass&Sight Survey Tool
Altitude & Azimuth Instrument - Troughton & Simms, London, 18 Inch, circa 1836
19th Century Theodolite
