department of mechanical and mechatronic engineering€¦ · department of mechanical and...

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL AND MECHATRONIC

ENGINEERING

Stellenbosch University

PhD & MEng TOPICS 2017

August 2016

PhD (Engineering)

MEng Research (Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering)

MEng Structured

(Mechanical Engineering)

Table of Contents

Design & Mechatronics Division

Prof AH Basson Dr C Coetzee Dr DNJ Els Prof PR Fourie Mrs LC Ginsberg Mr K Kruger Prof N Mahomed Mr J Muiyser Prof K Schreve Dr WJ Smit Dr D van den Heever Mr J van der Merwe Mechanics Division

Dr A Bekker Dr TH Becker Dr DC Blaine Prof G Venter Thermo Fluids Division

Mr RT Dobson Mr RW Haines Prof TM Harms Dr JE Hoffmann Dr MTF Owen Mr MC Tshamala Dr SJ van der Spuy Prof TW von Backström Renewable Energy Prof TM Harms Prof TW von Backström

Design & Mechatronics

Division

Dosent / Lecturer: Prof AH Basson

Email: [email protected]

Tel: +27 21 808 4250

Office: M514

Fakulteit / Faculty: Engineering

Departement / Department: Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering

Afdeling / Division: Design & Mechatronics / Mechanics / Thermo fluids / Renewable Energy

Navorsingsveld / Research field: Manufacturing Automation

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: Development of automated systems suited to SA manufacturing industries, characterised by relatively small production volumes and high product variety. The focus is to automate only the processes where quality is determined and to combine automation with manual work in an optimal way. The main focus of the research is on control strategies suited to manufacturing cells and stations in these contexts, with the challenge of including human workers as part of the cell. The research involves mechanical and mechatronic design of stations or cells for industrial case studies, used to evaluate the control system research.

This research forms part of the Mechatronics, Automation & Design Research Group's activities. (www.sun.ac .za/mad) Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng

(Structured) MEng (Research)

PhD Funding

1. Various projects within the above context are available. The research challenge is to develop modular subsystems that can be adapted to the specific production requirements, including modular controllers (using Holonic control philosophies), the inclusion of humans in the control system, and the use of robots for parts handling. The research involves a substantial amount of software development (in PLC languages, C# and/or Erlang), as well as some mechatronic design, manufacturing and testing.

X X 1 MEng Research or PhD

2. Holonic controllers' role in Industry 4.0. This study is a first exploration of the implications of Industry 4.0 for manufacturing cell controllers. Industry 4.0, or the fourth industrial revolution, is the current trend of automation and data exchange in manufacturing technologies. It includes cyber-physical systems, the Internet of things and cloud computing.

X X 1 MEng Research or PhD

Spesifieke voorvereistes / Specific requirements: Although preference is given to Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering graduates, students from other engineering backgrounds will also be considered.

mailto:[email protected]

Dosent / Lecturer: Dr Corné Coetzee


Tel: +27 21 808 4239

Office: M505




Navorsingsveld / Research field: The modelling of bulk materials handling in the mining and agricultural sectors. The improvement of fruit packaging in terms of cooling and structural strength. Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: The Discrete Element Method (DEM) is a numerical method used to model granular materials and industrial processes. Mining applications include the calibration of material properties as well as the modelling of typical mining processes such as the flow of ore on conveyor belts, transfer chutes and hoppers. The aim of such a study would be to optimise the process in terms of mass flow rates, wear and spillage. Agricultural applications include the modelling of post-harvest fruit handling to predict damage and bruising and soil-tool interaction with the aim of improving the implements. Packaging (plastic bags, carton boxes, etc.) is used to protect fruit during handling and transportation. However, the fruit need to be kept cooled while mechanical damage should be minimised. Boxes that are structurally strong will prevent any mechanical damage such as bruising but might prevent proper cooling of the fruit. On the other hand, a box which will allow the fruit to cool properly might not be able to prevent mechanical damage. The optimum design should be found. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng


PhD Funding

1. The modelling of a conveyor transfer chute using the Discrete Element Method (DEM). This will include experimental work using our large scale laboratory conveyor facility, the calibration of material properties, and DEM modelling. The aim would be to determine how accurately DEM can predict the material behaviour in terms of flow rates, flow paths, build-up and blockage and loading onto the receiving conveyor belt.

X X Possibility of funding for:

1 x PhD

2 x MEng

2. The modelling of fruit packaging using the Finite Element Method (FEM). The properties of paperboard used to manufacture boxes should be measured and used in a FEM model to predict the structural strength of the box under different loading and environmental conditions such as changes in temperature and humidity. This will include experimental work as well as FEM modelling.

X Possibility of funding for:

1 x MEng

Spesifieke voorvereistes / Specific requirements: Finite Element Method where applicable.


Dosent / Lecturer: Dr DNJ Els


Tel: +27 21 808 4248

Office: M506




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Mechanical Engineering / veterinarian science

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: Dart guns shoot darts filled with drugs that temporarily sedates an animal so that it may be captured safely or to deliver medication such as antibiotics. It is important to note that the kinetic impact energy of the dart must be limited, depending on the type of animal, to prevent injuries or death. The accuracy of the system is also very important to prevent injury. The objective of this research field is to: • Research the maximum allowable impact velocity depending on the type of animal and mass of dart to

prevent injuries or death • Develop algorithms and hardware that calculate the muzzle velocity and elevation depending on the range,

dart mass, drag coefficient, impact velocity, etc. • Develop and build a control system to automate the dart gun sighting system Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng


PhD Funding

1. Automatic Dart Gun Sighting System X

Spesifieke voorvereistes / Specific requirements:


Dosent / Lecturer: Prof Pieter Fourie


Tel: +27 21 808 4249

Office: M614




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Biomedical Engineering

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: Research and development of innovative medical devices/technologies applicable to the needs within the South African society. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics:

MEng (Structured)

MEng (Research)

PhD Funding

1. Quantification of myocardial contractility non-invasively

X Tentative

2. Quantifying gastro-esophageal reflux in an infant with an impedance device that is attached to the chest wall.

X Tentative

3. Intravenous oxygenation X Tentative

4. Nano-sensors-technology X Tentative

5. A lung function system that is iPhone based X Tentative

6. Arterial blood flow monitoring X Tentative

7. Clinical data mining for applied applications X X

8. Music as a therapeutic intervention to improve speech in children with autism

X Tentative



Dosent / Lecturer: Ms Liora Ginsberg


Tel: +27 21 808 4084

Office: M623




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Biomedical engineering - Microcirculation flow pattern in the lymph

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: The lymphatic system is an important biological system, with main functions of immunity and transportation of excess fluid from amongst the capillaries in the loose connective tissue into the vascular system. Much research has been conducted on the flow patterns of the circulatory system, into which the lymphatic system flows, however little has been attempted on the lymphatic system.

Parametric studies and numerical modelling of the micro-circulation of specific regions of the lymphatic system need to be conducted. The project takes place in the context on on-going final year projects and a PhD study. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng


PhD Funding

1. CFD studies of detail micro-circulation in a lymphatic segment / duct

X 1 student

2. Studies in micro flow of the lymphatic network system X 1 student

Spesifieke voorvereistes / Specific requirements: CFD


Dosent / Lecturer: Mr Karel Kruger


Tel: +27 21 808 4258

Office: M509




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Manufacturing Automation

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: The research focusses on the challenge of achieving global competitiveness in the SA manufacturing industry, while providing high labour-absorption to a growing workforce. This research will investigate an approach based on selective automation – the process of identifying and automating only the manufacturing activities which would add the greatest competitive value. Selective automation inherently requires the integration of modern manufacturing technology with existing subsystems – especially those involving manual labour. The research will involve the design and implementation of software architectures and control logic, along with mechanical and mechatronic design of manufacturing cells for industrial case studies. This research forms part of the Mechatronics, Automation & Design Research Group's activities. (www.s un.ac.za/mad) Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics:

MEng (Structured)

MEng (Research)

PhD Funding

1. Various projects within the above context are available. The research challenge is to develop methodologies and architectures to facilitate the implementation of selective automation. Specifically, the potential for using a holonic systems approach for this facilitation will be investigated. Furthermore, an investigative study must be performed on the identification of automation solutions pertaining to generic manufacturing activities where integration, and even collaboration, with human workers are required. The research involves a substantial amount of software development (in PLC languages, C# and/or Erlang), as well as some mechatronic design, manufacturing and testing.

X 1 MEng Research

Spesifieke voorvereistes / Specific requirements: Although preference is given to Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering graduates, students from other engineering backgrounds will also be considered.


Dosent / Lecturer: Prof N Mahomed


Tel: +27 21 808 2524

Office: M607




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Solidification of Metal Alloys

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: Modelling, simulation and experimental verification of processes related to the casting of alloys, which include mass and heat transfer during solidification, solute diffusion and microsegregation, macrosegregation and heat treatment. Special related topics on directional solidification for single crystal castings, thermal barrier coatings, and macrosegregation on large castungs. The work relies on general finite element analysis code and specialised code for casting process simulation and solute diffusion.

Facilities include (a) industrial software systems: Magmacast for simulation of metal casting processes and DICTRA Thermacalc for modelling microscale solute diffusion; (b) microstructure assessment equipment, including in-situ solidification microscopy; (c) metal casting facilities at cooperation partners locally and overseas. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng


PhD Funding

1. FE modelling and simulation of coupled heat transfer and diffusion in metal alloy solidification. This study will model the thermal and diffusion processes during solidification of directionally solidified non-ferrous alloys using a coupled approach. The model will be applied to the HRS (high rate solidification) Bridgman process. The modelling of solute diffusion will be based on thermodynamic and chemical diffusion theory. The aim is to develop a model that can capture the microscale solute diffusion at the solidification front to optimise the solidification rate (and, hence, the velocity of the solidification front).

X Possibility of funding from 2017 onwards.

2. Modelling of solid liquid-interface and grain growth. This study will deal with the microscale modelling of grain growth in directionally solidified melts, which requires the modelling of solute gradients in the undercooled melt ahead of the solidification front. The aim is to develop a model for the optimization of solidification velocity (or cooling rate), taking into account the effects of solidification rate on crystallographic orientation and microsegregation (i.e. quality of single crystal castings).

X Possibility of funding from 2017 onwards.

Spesifieke voorvereistes / Specific requirements: Undergraduate courses in Solid Mechanics (Strengths of Materials), Fluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer and Finite Element Analysis. Interest in Materials Science / Metallurgy.


Dosent / Lecturer: Mr J Muiyser


Tel: +27 21 808 4077

Office: M512




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Dynamics of large-scale cooling system fans

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: Experimental and numerical investigation of large-scale cooling system fan dynamics. This involves component as well as system analysis and investigation. Experimental work is conducted on a number of test facilities as well as full-scale power stations while analytical and computational dynamics is used to investigate fan system response. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng


PhD Funding

1. Development of scaling techniques for fan system dynamics and vibration

X 1x MEng



Dosent / Lecturer: Prof K Schreve


Tel: +27 21 808 4091

Office: M520




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Robot Navigation & Micrometrology

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: Motion analysis of athletes with stationary cameras such as the Vicon system does not allow tracking athletes in outdoor environments. Understanding the complex motions involved in disciplines such as mountain biking requires new technologies. With Dr’s Smit and Müller, we propose to develop a mobile system, relying on UAV borne camera tracking a mountain biker on an actual track. This part of the project is about accurately locating the UAV (or robot) so that certain markers on the biker can be tracked at high precision. This project is in conjunction with Dr’s Smit and Müller who are respectively looking at the UAV control and body model aspects. All over the world, scaling down mechanical devices opening up new technological frontiers. Insect sized drones can explore inside collapsed buildings after an earthquake, arrays of miniature sensors make our cars safer and micro-instruments allow surgeons to perform delicate operations with minimal impact to patients. In general, high precision manufacturing gives us more efficient, more environmentally friendly higher performance products. Manufacturing products of this type on a mass scale requires a whole new regime of measurement, called micro-metrology. It is pushing the envelope to more precise measurements over a longer range than is currently possible, all in three dimensions. Our research tries to find out how such machines must be design, by designing and building our own prototype. Machine design, thermal analysis, structure dynamics, vibration isolation and environmental control are all issues being investigated. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng


PhD Funding

1. High precision dimensional metrology X X Apply through NMISA

2. Constraining the SLAM feature tracking algorithm with the body model

X X Applied for NRF funding

3. Quantifying the impact of the sensor capabilities on the UAV localisation


4. Finding an optimal sensor array to achieve the required marker localisation accuracy


Spesifieke voorvereistes / Specific requirements: None


Dosent / Lecturer: Dr Willie Smit


Tel: +27 21 808 4046

Office: M608B




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Robotics

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: We are doing research into new applications of multicopters and ground vehicles. At the moment, two promising applications are in the calibration of heliostats in Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plants, and in the tracking of mountain bikers as they cycle on an off-road trail. Members of the research group have already done a lot of ground work. It is now possible to control the multicopters and ground vehicles from Matlab. This means that more time is spent on algorithm development and less time is spent on implementation. The control system of the multicopters is also being improved and several types of obstacle avoidance systems are being developed. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng


PhD Funding

1. Develop an algorithm to control the trajectories of many multicopters following a mountain biker

X Possibly

2. Implement an existing algorithm that will allow a multicopter to track a mountain biker

X No

3. Implement a robust obstacle avoidance system for multicopters

X No

4. Calibrate heliostats with multicopters X X M - No PhD - Possibly



Dosent / Lecturer: Dr Dawie van den Heever


Tel: +27 21 808 4856

Office: M615




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Biomedical Engineering / Neuroscience

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: Biomedical engineering involves applying the concepts, knowledge and approaches of virtually all engineering disciplines to solve or improve healthcare related problems. Biomedical engineers use their expertise in biology, medicine, physics, mathematics, engineering science and communication to make the world a healthier place. The challenges created by the diversity and complexity of living systems require creative, knowledgeable, and imaginative people working in multidisciplinary teams to monitor, restore and enhance normal body function. The biomedical engineer is ideally trained to work at the intersection of science, medicine and mathematics to solve biological and medical problems. I have a particular interest in neuroscience, or the science of the nervous system with the ultimate goal of understanding the brain. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng


PhD Funding

1. Concussion assessment using EEG X 1 x MEng

2. Infant monitoring in the NICU X 1 x MEng

3. Investigating the Bereitschaftspotential and its role in free will

X 1 x MEng

Spesifieke voorvereistes / Specific requirements: A love for science and new discoveries.


Dosent / Lecturer: Mr J van der Merwe


Tel: +27 21 808 4038

Office: M613




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Biomedical Engineering

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: Biomedical engineering with specific application to orthopaedic surgery, navigation, planning, and implant design. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng


PhD Funding

1. Development of a vertebral implant for treatment of spinal tuberculosis in children

X NA

2. Complex fracture reconstruction X NA

3. Development of an instrumented knee for use with an Oxford Knee Rig

X NA



Mechanics Division

Dosent / Lecturer: Annie Bekker


Tel: +27 21 808 3914

Office: M617




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Dynamic responses of ice-going ships

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field:

The SA Agulhas II is a polar supply and research vessel, which undertakes annual scientific and supply voyages to Antarctica and the South Sea Islands. She is scientifically instrumented for full-scale engineering measurements of the vessel’s operational parameters, ice loads, shaft-line strain and vibration. As such this vessel is an academic asset with the potential to contribute operational full-scale data on the open water and ice-going performance of a modern ship. Such data is valuable in that it could serve to validate and improve the

state-of-the-art engineering techniques in naval architecture which rely heavily on scale model testing. At present the focus is to reduce the risk of ice-navigation through multi-sensor decision aiding systems. As such, the integral study of operational conditions, dynamic vessel response and potential failure modes are of interest. Work on this project is highly international and comprises collaborations and possible exchanges with Finnish, Russian and Chinese research partners. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng


PhD Funding

1. Quantification of ice-loading on ship shaft-lines during ice passage

X X Pending funding application

2. Multi-variate statistical analysis – can sea-ice conditions be predicted from ship-board vibration?

X Pending funding application

3. Structural dynamics of model-scale ships X Pending funding application

4. A multi-sensor decision aiding system for safe ship navigation in ice.


Spesifieke voorvereistes / Specific requirements: Students participating in this project must be self-driven, willing to spend time at sea and eager to break new ground in engineering science.


Dosent / Lecturer: Annie Bekker


Tel: +27 21 808 3914

Office: M617




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Human response to vibration


A hand-arm vibration investigation will be conducted at Richards Bay Minerals where several operators have presented with hand-arm vibration-related symptoms in medical examinations. The mine has permitted research on their premises for the purpose of proposing a hand-arm vibration management system by which exposure levels can be established, monitored and mitigated. Hand-arm vibration measurements of in service operation of vibrating hand-held equipment according to ISO 5349 which relates to the measurement of hand-arm vibration exposure. A recommendation will be made with regards to the

allowable time limit that workers are allowed to operate hand-held equipment. Engineering data will be reduced through factor analysis in an attempt to identify the main variables associated with high vibration exposure in order to recommend mitigating action. The results of this project will immediately impact on workers and the management of work-related vibration exposure in a commercial environment. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng


PhD Funding

5. Hand-arm vibration assessment and management at Richards Bay Minerals


Spesifieke voorvereistes / Specific requirements: Students participating in this project must be self-driven, willing to spend time in Richards Bay. The success of the extensive measurement regime will involve a level of aptitude in working with people.


Dosent / Lecturer: Dr TH Becker


Tel: +27 21 808 4045

Office: M608A




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Materials Engineering

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: Research with the Materials Engineering group focuses is on investigating the mechanical behaviour to gain an understanding of the material properties and the degradation mechanisms. This is done using standardised techniques as well as new novel techniques such as digital image and volume correlation (DIC & DVC).

Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng (Structured)

MEng (Research)

PhD Funding

1. The rising demand for electrical energy in South Africa has forced suppliers to vastly exceed the designed lifetime of existing power plants. Exceeding this design lifetime, combined with the highly demanding conditions under which power plants operate, can have detrimental effects on the plant’s reliability. Plant reliability is critically dependent on the integrity of a broad range of materials that make up the structures, machines and systems within the plant. It is necessary to accurately characterise the material condition with regards to the damage level, as well as to understand the damage mechanisms and subsequently to predict the damage that occurs during exposure to operating conditions, and the loss in design properties. This is the focus of the research.

X X 1x MEng*

1x PhD*

2. One of the concerns when utilising 3D printing technologies are their achievable mechanical properties. To date, various studies have investigated the material performance of 3D printed metals, however, what makes investigations intricate is that the material performance depends on numerous factors. The technological requirements within the context of achievable material performance are often application specific and in many instances significant concerns over porosity, microstructure, high residual stresses and fatigue strength still exist, which is the focus of this research.

X X 1x MEng*

1x PhD*

Spesifieke voorvereistes / Specific requirements: Matlab, finite element method, laboratory work at UCT, NMMU and/or aboard.

* Pending renewal of funding cycle for 2017.


Dosent / Lecturer: Dr Deborah Blaine


Tel: +27 21 808 3606

Office: M521




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Mechanical behaviour of materials, powder metallurgy, sintering

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: My research projects typically investigate the link between processing, properties and microstructures. I focus specifically on powder metallurgy and sintering, but also explore other manufacturing processes if the opportunity arises through funded projects. The research spans experimental work that uses presses, furnaces, various microscopes, mechanical testing and sometime computed tomography. There is also scope for finite element modelling and constitutive modelling of mechanical behaviour through co-supervised projects. I collaborate with various national and international universities and research institutions on projects. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng


PhD Funding

1. Hybrid machining-powder metallurgy processing of titanium alloys

X X 1 x MEng (additional DST Ti-CoC bursaries available)

2. Ultra-strong materials: MAX phases, nano materials, gel-casting of titanium alloys

X X in collaboration with WITS CoE in Strong Materials (PhD and MEng, competitive bursaries)



Dosent / Lecturer: Prof Gerhard Venter


Tel: +27 21 808 3560

Office: M520




Navorsingsveld / Research field: The application of Finite Element (FE) methods and numerical design optimization to real life problems.

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: My research efforts are typically related to the application of Finite Element (FE) methods and numerical design optimization to real life problems. This covers an extremely wide range of projects from material characterization to the modelling complex structures. My projects often requires the use of non-linear FE analysis and some programming. Although my research students typically work on a wide variety of projects, most of my current research efforts can be grouped into three main areas as follow: analysis of train sub-structures e.g. wheels and bogey frames; the analysis of heat generation and the resulting temperature distribution in rolling tires; and the analysis and development of inflatable structures. Both of the last two areas also have a significant component dedicated to material characterization, where we typically consider two dimensional, non-linear, ortho-tropic materials. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics:

MEng (Structured)

MEng (Research)

PhD Funding

1. Train sub-structures --

2. Heat generation in rubber tires --

3. Inflatable structures --

Spesifieke voorvereistes / Specific requirements: Most of my projects typically require some finite element analysis and some programming. Students interested in my projects should thus in general also be interested in these areas.


Thermo Fluids Division

Dosent / Lecturer: Mr Robert Dobson


Tel: +27 21 808 4268

Office: M219




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Inherently-safe natural circulation heating and cooling systems for nuclear reactors and includes the transient and dynamic response of single and two-phase closed-loop thermosyphon-type heat pipe natural circulation heating and cooling systems.

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld / General description of research field: The research relates to passive cooling and heating systems for the nuclear and process industries. By passive is meant that the systems have no mechanically moving parts such as pumps and no electronic/electrical control systems and rely solely on naturally occurring phenomena, such as gravitational and surface tension forces, for their operation. Such systems are often termed inherently-safe and make use of single and two-phase closed-loop thermosyphon-type heat pipes. As a general point of departure each research thesis project would entail, inter alia: i) The theoretical simulation of the transient and dynamic thermo-fluid behaviour in natural circulation loops; ii) Computer programming of the system of time-dependent temperature-coupled partial differential equations constituting the theoretical simulation using a basic programming language such as Fortran; iii) Experimental validation of the theoretical simulation models using sensors, transducers and instrumentation and data capture systems and measuring various temperatures, pressures, flow rates and flow-patterns in the system; iv) Preparation for publication in an accredited (Thomson-Reuters listed) peer reviewed Journal of a full length paper, and the writing of at least two international conference papers [one for me and one for you] that are suitable for presentation at an appropriate international conference; and v) the preparation of a thesis project report for examination purposes, and in accordance with the prescribed Departmental and Faculty requirements.


MEng (Research)

PhD Funding

1. Design and simulation of a flashtube-type 100 kWthermal modular pressurised water nuclear reactor steam supply system

X X At least one bursary available

2. Design, simulation and evaluation of a thermosyphon-type reactor cavity cooling system for a high temperature nuclear reactor

X X

3. Transient and dynamic response and flow behaviour in a two-phase multi-channel heating and cooling system

X X

4. Thermal performance characterisation of a natural circulation heat transfer loop

X X

5. Two-phase flow pattern recognition in a natural circulation heat transfer loop using remote acoustic wave measurements

X X

6. Design, simulation and experimental evaluation of a passively controlled thermostatic flow diverting valve

X X

Spesifieke voorvereistes / Specific requirements: Nuclear Reactor Systems Engineering, Partial Differential Equations, Advanced Fluid Mechanics, Advanced Heat Transfer and Computational Fluid Dynamics or Energy Systems or your choice.


Dosent / Lecturer: Mr RW Haines


Tel: +27 21 808 4308

Office: M527




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Internal Combustion Engines and Fuels

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: The internal combustion engines laboratory has six engine test beds which are used for research on reciprocating internal combustion engines and fuels. Two of these test beds have single cylinder research engines suitable for spark-ignition fuel research.

The research topics will include upgrading the hardware and software for the two single cylinder engine test beds. The single cylinder research engines will initially be run on pump fuel to verify repeatability of the test setup and captured data. Thereafter, test programmes for high octane fuels will be established and a range of high octane fuel blends will be tested using the respective setups. The topics will also include modelling and engine performance simulation. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng


PhD Funding

1. Upgrade and development of a Ricardo Hydra research engine test facility for high octane fuel research

X To be arranged

2. High octane and oxygenated fuel test matrix development and modelling using a Co-operative Fuel Research octane engine

X To be arranged

Spesifieke voorvereistes / Specific requirements: none Prior knowledge on internal combustion engines and mechatronic systems will be beneficial.


Dosent / Lecturer: Prof TM Harms


Tel: +27 21 808 3742

Office: M519




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Concentrating solar power, heat transfer, computational fluid dynamics Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: The Spiky Central Receiver Air Pre-heater (SCRAP) conceived by the late Prof Kröger is a novel external metallic tubular central receiver concept and is the topic of Mr Matti Lubkoll’s present doctorial research. The SCRAP receiver is designed to increase an air-receiver’s solar-to-thermal performance. One aspect of this is the enhancement of the heat transfer to the pressurized air-stream within the absorber assemblies (spikes) examined by Mr Lubkoll through utilizing an internally finned tube geometry. As a result of his work, which is soon to be completed, Mr Lubkoll can identify a number research questions which could be examined, also with the aid of the experimental set up developed during his PhD research. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng


PhD Funding

1. Jet impingement cooling – spike tip: CFD model predicting pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient for air jet impinging on spike tip and being turned by 180 degree, then entering rectangular ducts.

X X None

2. Modelling of flow in rectangular ducts: CFD model predicting pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient within a rectangular duct.

X X None

3. Convective heat loss to ambient I: A CFD model representing a spike cluster or a SCRAP receiver. Of interest is the wind speed as a function of position x along spike.

X X None

4. Convective heat loss to ambient II: Develop a model of a SCRAP receiver segment with provided temperature distribution along spikes. Simulate the effect of natural convection on air velocity through buoyancy. Estimate the magnitude by which natural convection may cause forced convection.

X X None

5. Material considerations: Develop a FEM model of a spike with particular interest in the root region. Establish boundary conditions to temperature deviation around spike circumference. Estimate stress due to uneven temperature profile.

X X None

6. Helical swirled fins: Develop a CFD model of flow in helically swirled ducts. Identify heat transfer coefficients and pressure drop as correlations of Re and swirl angle.

X X None

7. Develop experimental receiver for Mariendahl: Develop a SCRAP cluster (perhaps with cavity?) to be operated with Helio 100 to confirm assumptions at higher temperatures and under solar flux instead of steam. See if simplified ambient pressure SCRAP seems feasible to charge rock bed.

X X None



Dosent / Lecturer: Dr JE Hoffmann


Tel: +27 21 808 3554

Office: M619




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Thermal Engineering

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: / General description of research field: The SUNSPOT cycle is a combined Brayton and Rankine cycle with thermal storage. Air is the working fluid for the Brayton cycle. Due to the poor heat transfer characteristics of air, and the high energy flux at the receiver, receiver tubes are subject to high temperatures and thermal stresses. This research focus on enhancing heat transfer inside receiver tubes, thermal radiation in cavity receivers and novice configurations for receiver designs.


MEng (Research)

PhD Funding

1. Numerical and/or experimental study of heat transfer enhancement on the inside of solar receiver tubes. Trade-off between heat transfer enhancement and additional pressure drop. Solar heat flux is constrained by maximum tube temperature.

X X

2. Optimization of hybrid pressure receiver layout. Hybrid receiver supplies high pressure/high temperature air to gas turbine, and low pressure, intermediate temperature air to thermal energy storage. Find optimal configuration to match receiver to SUNDISC cycle requirements.

X

3. On-sun testing of single spike of spiked concept air receiver. Manufacturing of test specimen, selection of test bed, instrumentation and testing (heat flux, temperatures, and thermal stress). Report receiver efficiency. Bursary available.

X 2 × Masters

4. Extend thermal non-equilibrium model in CFD code to convection and thermal radiation in porous media, and validate model against experimental data (receiver and/or rock bed storage).

X X

5. Multi-objective optimization of central receiver molten salt solar power plant. Individually, levellized cost of electricity, solar to electrical efficiency and revenue lead to conflicting results. Find optimal combination of design variables to satisfy multiple objective functions.

X

6. Feasibility study of once through cooling for 50 MWe solar thermal power plant on/near the lower Orange River. Trade-off between improved thermal efficiency against condenser fouling (suggest remedial measures), water treatment and environmental constraints.

X X

7. (Scale adaptive CFD) modelling and validation of atmospheric vortex engine concept to convert waste heat (typically, from a cooling tower at thermal power station) to work. Conceptual modification of existing cooling tower. Cross-winds and temperature inversions are expected to impact negatively on system performance.

X

Spesifieke voorvereistes / Specific requirements: Reasonable CFD skills recommended for topics 1, 2, 4 and 7. Sound programming skills required for most topics.


Dosent / Lecturer: Dr MTF Owen


Tel: +27 21 808 4266

Office: M516




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Industrial heat exchangers

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: Industrial heat exchangers are used in a variety of applications for heating, cooling or condensing process fluids. These heat exchangers are critical to the overall efficiency of the systems they form a part of and research into their performance is therefore of continuing importance. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng


PhD Funding

1. An investigation of the effects of windscreens on large air-cooled condenser fan performance and blade loading

X



Dosent / Lecturer: Mr MC Tshamala


Tel: +27 21 808 4243

Office: M529




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Heat and mass transfer

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: Traditionally, for a 40% efficient thermal power plants, about 40 % of its input heat has to be rejected through cooling. This figure has considerably reduced in modern power plants. Cooling systems are identified as one of most influencial aspect for an effective operation of a power plant. Therefore, enhancing cooling systems performances would significantly improve the power plant operation. Wet-cooling systems (using water) are generally the most economical choice especially for closed cycle cooling in regions where adequate supply of water is available at reasonable cost. Dry-cooling systems are used in various industries such , power plants, petrochemical industry, air-conditioning units ... to reduce the water consumption and to eliminate visible vapour plumes. To enhance the performance of these systems during high ambient temperature conditions, the heat exchanger surface can be fully or partially deluged with water to achieve evaporative cooling. The main objective of these topics is to experimentally determine the performance characteristics and develop calculation models based on previous work done at Stellenbosch University.


MEng (Research)

PhD Funding

1. Experimental determination and control of a HPHE performance characteristics for nuclear power plants

X Available

2. Annual model development and performance evaluation of combined (dry/wet) cooling system

X Available



Dosent / Lecturer: Prof J van der Spuy


Tel: +27 21 808 4127

Office: M523




Navorsingsveld / Research field: 1) Axial flow fans for cooling systems 2) Micro gas turbines for propulsion 3) Micro gas turbines for solar applications


1) The use of direct dry-cooled condensers in power generation systems is a means of ensuring sustainable water usage. This makes it ideal for use in power plants (including solar power plants) which are located in regions with a limited availability of water resources. The efficient operation of the axial flow fans that form part of such an air-cooled system is essential for a well-performing cooling plant. This research focusses on the design, testing and analysis of axial flow fans for these systems.

2) The use of micro gas turbines (MGTs) for the propulsion of aerial vehicles or solar thermal power applications hold specific advantages. Current investigations are looking at the development of a small diameter compressor and turbine stage that could typically be used in a 200 to 800 N thrust or 10 to 100 kW power generation MGT.


MEng (Research)

PhD Funding

1. Design of an axial flow cooling fan with low noise characteristics.

X project funding available

2. The accurate assessment of axial flow fan performance for use in air-cooled condensers (fan/plenum interaction).

X X project funding, as well as one M Eng bursary

3. The modelling of fan noise using computational software.

X project funding available

4. Assessing the effect of fluid-structure interaction on cooling fan performance

X X project funding available

5. The development of a test facility for a micro gas turbine compressor stage – incorporating new turbine design and possible heat source.

X project funding available (also possible bursary)

6. The development of a micro gas turbine compressor stage. Evaluation of the use of a mixed flow compressor impeller. Evaluation of the effect of rotor tip clearance and temperature distribution.

X X project funding available (also possible bursary)

7. The experimental evaluation of solarised gas turbine performance.

X X limited funding available

Spesifieke voorvereistes / Specific requirements: Thermofluids 344, Computational Fluid Dynamics.


Dosent / Lecturer: Prof TW von Backström


Tel: +27 21 808 4267

Office: M525




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Turbomachinery (Compressors, turbines, wind and ocean turbines), Solar energy (Rock bed thermal energy storage, Solar air receivers) Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: Design of axial and radial flow compressors for small gas turbines and turbochargers using analytical and computational methods, experimental investigation, and numerical optimisation. Design of rock bed thermal energy systems and air receivers using analytical and computational methods, experimental investigation, and numerical optimisation. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng


PhD Funding

1. Optimisation of shroud for ocean power turbine X Some NRF contribution

2. Further investigation of performance of 15 m diameter rock bed thermal energy storage system

X X Some NRF contribution

3. Further development of SCRAP solar air receiver using existing test rig

X X Some NRF contribution

4. Completion of conversion of existing gas turbine to run on LPG and ultimately on biogas.

X X



Renewable Energy

Dosent / Lecturer: Prof TM Harms


Tel: +27 21 808 3742

Office: M519




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Concentrating solar power, heat transfer, computational fluid dynamics Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: The Spiky Central Receiver Air Pre-heater (SCRAP) conceived by the late Prof Kröger is a novel external metallic tubular central receiver concept and is the topic of Mr Matti Lubkoll’s present doctorial research. The SCRAP receiver is designed to increase an air-receiver’s solar-to-thermal performance. One aspect of this is the enhancement of the heat transfer to the pressurized air-stream within the absorber assemblies (spikes) examined by Mr Lubkoll through utilizing an internally finned tube geometry. As a result of his work, which is soon to be completed, Mr Lubkoll can identify a number research questions which could be examined, also with the aid of the experimental set up developed during his PhD research. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics: MEng


PhD Funding

1. Jet impingement cooling – spike tip: CFD model predicting pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient for air jet impinging on spike tip and being turned by 180 degree, then entering rectangular ducts.

X X None

2. Modelling of flow in rectangular ducts: CFD model predicting pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient within a rectangular duct.

X X None

3. Convective heat loss to ambient I: A CFD model representing a spike cluster or a SCRAP receiver. Of interest is the wind speed as a function of position x along spike.

X X None

4. Convective heat loss to ambient II: Develop a model of a SCRAP receiver segment with provided temperature distribution along spikes. Simulate the effect of natural convection on air velocity through buoyancy. Estimate the magnitude by which natural convection may cause forced convection.

X X None

5. Material considerations: Develop a FEM model of a spike with particular interest in the root region. Establish boundary conditions to temperature deviation around spike circumference. Estimate stress due to uneven temperature profile.

X X None

6. Helical swirled fins: Develop a CFD model of flow in helically swirled ducts. Identify heat transfer coefficients and pressure drop as correlations of Re and swirl angle.

X X None

7. Develop experimental receiver for Mariendahl: Develop a SCRAP cluster (perhaps with cavity?) to be operated with Helio 100 to confirm assumptions at higher temperatures and under solar flux instead of steam. See if simplified ambient pressure SCRAP seems feasible to charge rock bed.

X X None



Dosent / Lecturer: Prof JL (Wikus) van Niekerk


Tel: +27 21 808 4251

Office: K 416




Navorsingsveld / Research field: Renewable energy, solar and ocean energy, modelling energy supply and distribution systems

Algemene beskrywing van navorsingsveld: General description of research field: South Africa is in the process of installing more than 4 GW, grid-connected renewable electricity plants. These wind farms and solar plants (PV and CSP) will contribute towards a cleaner supply of electricity at a very affordable price. In addition, many consumers, small and large, are installing their own renewable energy supply, mostly rooftop PV. This will fundamentally change the manner in which our national transmission and distribution grids behave and need to be controlled. In the Eskom Power Plant Engineering Institute (EPPEI) Stellenbosch University is responsible for the Power System Simulation (PSS) research programme. In this programme we will study the electricity supply from wind, solar PV and CSP plants. We will study the intermittency of supply from these sources and investigate how to mitigate the effect of this on the grid. In addition, we will investigate the dynamics of these power plants and how they will interact with other generators on the system. We will also investigate storage systems and how this can assist in increasing the share of renewables on the grid. Lys van onderwerpe/List of topics:

MEng (Structured)

MEng (Research)

PhD Funding

1. Model the power supply from wind farms and investigate how they contribute to the national electricity supply system

X X R 100 000

2. Model the power supply from rooftop PV systems and investigate how they may affect the local distribution grid

X R 100 000

3. Develop a 100% renewable energy supply strategy for Namibia and Botswana X X R 100 000

4. Investigate the conversion of tidal stream energy to electricity in the Knysna lagoon X R 100 000

5. Investigate different scenarios to increase the penetration of renewable electricity on the SA grid and the effect this may have on existing, large thermal power stations

X X R 100 000

R150 000

6. Investigate the potential to locally manufacture different components of a CSP plant X X R 100 000

Spesifieke voorvereistes / Specific requirements: Some of these topics will be more suited for students with a B.Eng.(Electrical)


department of mechanical and mechatronic engineering€¦ · department of mechanical and...

Documents