DepartmentDepartment of of InorganicInorganic and and AnalyticalAnalytical ChemistryChemistry, , West West PomeranianPomeranian University of TechnologyUniversity of Technology, Szczecin, Poland, Szczecin, Poland

• Currently, the primary source of energy is the oil-based fuel (emissions of greenhouse gases and toxins)

• Depletion of fossil fuels

• Unstable and rising oil prices

• Tightening the laws on environmental protection and quality of gasoline

• In nature, hydrogen is the most widespread (practically unlimited sources)

• Economically the cleanest fuel (main productof hydrogen combustion - steam)• High energy efficiency

catalyst

UndesirableUndesirable sideside reactionsreactions

Scheme of hydrogene fuel cell worksource:

http://www.hydrogencarsnow.com/hydrogen-fuel-cells.htm

Pureoxides

• Cu/ZnO• Cu/Al2O3• Cu/SiO2• Cu/CeO2

Oxidesmixture

• Cu/ZnO/Al2O3• Cu/ZnO/ZrO3• Cu/Cr2O3/Al2O3• Cu/ZrO2/Al2O3

Dopes

• La2CuO4• Cu-Ni/ZrO2• Cu/ZrO2/CeO2• Fe, Ga, Y

• Commercial (to compare)CuZnAl• 3CuO + 2Al = 3Cu + Al2O3• Mechanochemical treatmentCuO-Al• 3CuO + 2Fe2O3 + 3V2O5 = Cu3Fe4V6O24• Mechanochemical treatment• High temperature

Cu3Fe4V6O24

• 5, 10 and 15%wt. Cu• Wet impregnationCuO/MSU-H

From literature

Made by Joanna ☺

• Powder X-ray diffraction – Phillips Difractometer X’Pert• Low-angle powder X-ray diffraction - Panalytical X’pert Pro • Scanning electron microscopy – JEOL JSM 5500LV• Energy dispersive X-ray – EDX Oxford Instrument• Surface properties – Micromeritics ASAP 2020

…

PROCEDURE:

•The pulse microreactor connected on-line with SRI 8610C gas chromatograph

CONDITIONS:

• Carrier gas: argon (30ml min-1)• Catalyst dose: 0.1g (fractions from 0.2 to 0.3mm)• Temperature range: from 250 to 500oC

PRODUCTS ANALYSIS:

• Columns with Porapak Q and 5A molecular sieves• TCD and FID detectors