department for ceramics and christian doppler laboratory for building materials with optimised...
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Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
1
The Department of Ceramics at the University of Leoben
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
2
The University of Leoben
1840 „Styrian Corporate School of Mining“ in Vordernberg near Leoben
1848 Transferred to Leoben
1849 „Imperial and Royal School of Mining“ with initially 48 students
1904 „University of Mining“
1975 „Montanuniversität Leoben“
today: 1 635 students in bachelor/master/diploma programmes
214 students in doctoral programmes
314 students in the first year
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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degree programmes bachelor´s programmes
master´s programmes
diploma programmes
Applied Geosciences 1 1
Industrial Environmental Protection, Disposal Techniques and Recycling
1 1
Industrial Logistics 1 1
Materials Science 1
Metallurgy 1 1
Mechanical Engineering 1
Natural Resources 1 2
Petroleum Engineering 1 2
Plastic Engineering 1 1
Degree programmes at the University of Leoben
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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Postgraduate education at the University of Leoben
MBA Generic Management (4 terms)
Quality management in the chemical laboratory
Blasting technology
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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The staff of the department
Federal Employees
Professors 1
University assistents 3
Laboratory assistents 3
Administration 1
Employees financed by third-party funds
Researchers 5
Laboratory assistents 1
Part time employed research assistents in fulltime equivalents 4
total 18
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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Participation of the department in education
- Bachelor´s programme „Natural Resources“
- Master´s programme “Mineral resources: Processing and Materials” with a branch “Building materials and Ceramics”
Courses of the bachelor´s programme „Natural Resources“
SH ECTS
building materials 1 3 3,75
binders 1 1 1,25
introduction to ceramics 2 2,5
laboratory exercise in building materials and ceramics 1
2 2
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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Courses of the master´s programme “Mineral resources: Processing and Materials” , branch “Building materials and Ceramics” which are organized by
the department of ceramics
courses SH ECTS
Building materials 2 2 2,5
Binders 2 2 3
Basic refractory materials 2 3
Plant design and process technology for the production of building materials
2 2
Laboratory exercise in building materials and ceramics 2 2 2
Fundamentals of building materials and ceramics 3 3,75
Non-basic refractory materials 2 3
Damage and restoration of construction 2 2
Modeling and simulation in building materials technology 3 3,75
Testing methods and application of building materials 2 2,5
Glass science and technology 2 3
Laboratory exercise in building materials and ceramics 3 2 2
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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1. Research projects of the Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with Optimized Properties
The laboratory was founded in 1999
The main research interests are:
Increase of knowledge of the especially mechanical behaviour of refractive and non refractive building materials
- characterisation of the material behaviour
- influences on the material behaviour
- prediction of the material behaviour (modeling and simulation)
- investigation and avoidance of failure
Successful scientific evaluations have been performed on 16.2.2001 und 19.3.2004 (evaluator Prof. Schlegel/Freiberg)
Research projects at the department for ceramics
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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Modules:
1. Mechanical and thermomechanical characterisation of building materials at room temperature and at elevated temperatures
2. Prediction of the mechanical and thermomechanical behaviour of refractories
3. Fundamentals for the development of refractories with reduced brittleness
4. Auxiliary materials for continuous casting
Industriepartner:
RHI AG, VA-SD GmbH, VA-SL GmbH
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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Research projects at the department for ceramics
2. KnetMet reserach project „ Modeling of the stresses in refractories and in furnace linings with the help of FEM“
- Investigation of the thermomechanical behaviour of a BOF lining and optimisation of the design of the bottom/wall transition zone
- thermomechanical behaviour and thermal shock of a metering nozzle at the start of casting
- thermoshock behaviour of a ladle shroud
3. Further projects in the fields of applied fundamentals of refractory technology
- Fundamentals of the development of refractories with optimised thermomechanical properties
- Fundamental investigations of refractory corrosion
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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4. Investigation of failure of thermal insulation composite systems
Goal of these investigations is the determination of failure mechanisms, the conditions for failure and methods to avoid it.
Research projects at the department for ceramics
5. Other current research projects
Various research activities especially togehter with partners from industry, e.g. failure analysis of building materials and refractories, investigation of the microstructure of ceramics, etc.
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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Finished projects:
Ongoing projects:
• Teeming ladle
• Steel converter (AOD, LD)
• Blast furnace
• Torpedo ladle
• RH - degasser
• Tundish
• Wedge splitting test
Simulation of the thermomechanical behaviour of Refractories:
Problems associated with modelling and simulation of furnace linings
• Material properties
• changing material properties f(T,t)
• creep
• different material behaviour under
compression and tension
• Complexity of the models
• Modelling of joints
• Changing loads
Examples for research projects at the department for ceramics
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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Thermomechanical behaviour of a metering nozzle
Temperature distribution and stresses in axial direction:
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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Thermomechanical behaviour of a metering nozzle
Initiation and propagation/opening of cracks:
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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Fictitious crack model according to Hillerborg
Plastic failure criterion of Drucker-Prager
Some material laws applied for thermomechanical modelling of refarctories
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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Fmax
Gf
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.50
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For
ce F
v [N
]
Displacement v [mm]
0,15 Fmax
c
Gf‘ Input: geometryF/ diagram
Output: Gf, ft, E
Evaluation of a wedge splitting test to determine strain softening law
wedge splitting test according to Tschegg
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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The laser speckle extensometer is a measuring system suitablefor small displacements at elevated temperatures
inductive displacement measurement system, here applied for a wedge splitting test at room temperature
Displacement measurement techniques for room temperature and for elevated temperatures
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 16000
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E [G
Pa]
T [°C]
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The figures show a furnce suitable for measurements up to 1550°C and results for four carbon bonded refractories.
Determination of Young´s modulus at elevated temperatures with a resonant frequency technique
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
-0,2
0,0
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AC
F
k [mm]
1/e
The figures show the experimental setup to investigate fracture surfaces (three dimensional informations from video images) and the autocorrelation function for the fracture surface of a refractory material.
Fractographic investigations
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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grain size analysis
thermochemical analysis in air as well as under reducing conditions (CO/CO2)
differential scanning calorimetry thermogravimetry
heating microscopy
thermal treatment up to 1250°C in air as well as under reducing conditions (CO/CO2)
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400Zeit /Min
-0.20
-0.15
-0.10
-0.05
0
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0.10
DTA /(uV/mg)
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Temperatur /°C
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TG /%¯ Exo
Gerät:Datei:Projekt:Versuchs-ID:Datum/Zeit:Labor:Operator:
NETZSCH STA 409C5404_1400_041104.dssModul 5E5404_5K_10K04.11.04 08:48:15GHIKi
Probe:Referenz:Material:Korrektur-Datei:Tempka.l - Empfd. Datei:Bereich:Probentr./TC:
Basislinie, 5K, 10K, 126.600 mgkeine,0.000 mgPt-TiegelBL_1400_041103_1.bssTcalzero.tcx / Senszero.exx25 °C....1400 °C/-10....5K/minDTA(/TG) HIGH RG 2 / S
Modus /Messart.:Segmente:Tiegel:Atmosphäre:TG Korr/Messber:DSC Korr/Messber:Bemerkung:
DTA-TG / Probe + Korrektur1-3/3DTA/TG crucible PtLuft synth./40 / Luft synth./80020/500 mg020/500 uV
Investigation of mould powders and continuous casting slags
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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chemical-mineralogical investigation of original and thermally treated specimens chemical analysis
X-ray diffraction analysis
light microscopy
scanning electron microscopy
electron probe microanalysis
high temperature microscopy
high temperature viscosimetry
350°C 900°C
Investigation of mould powders and continuous casting slags
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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Typical defects found on façades are cracks along joints of used insulation material, delaminations of rendering and bending of insulation elements.
Failure Analysis of External Thermal Insulation Composite Systems (ETICS)
schematic cross section
masonry
distorted insulation boards
failure of an about 2 year old façade system
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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displacement
Fundamental properties for thin layers of rendering materials have to be determined prior to numerical simulation. A modified wedge splitting procedure according to Tschegg has been carried out for this purpose to characterise adherence and fracture.
modified wedge splitting procedure
0
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0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
displacement [mm]
forc
e in
ho
rizo
nta
l dir
ectio
n [N
] A-DP
B-DP
C-DP
D-DP
E-DP
load/displacement curves of rendering materials
Failure Analysis of External Thermal Insulation Composite Systems (ETICS)
Department for Ceramics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Building Materials with optimised Properties at the University of
Leoben
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qualitative view of four mounted insulation boards (increasing displacements from blue to red)
For temperature cycles of 30°C, the maximum relative displacement of two adjacent edges of the insulation boards is app. 0.15 mm. In this calculation fixation dowels are located on the edges and centre of the insulation boards.
Failure Analysis of External Thermal Insulation Composite Systems (ETICS)
Deformation of ETICS due to shrinkage of the insulation material, superimposed by cyclic changes in temperature.