dental medication by osama el hady

DR OSAMA EL HADY DENTAL MEDICATION

WEBSITE / WWW.OSAMAELHADY.BLOGSPOT.COM..

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INDEX

1-MEDICATION IN GENERA L .. 01

1- ANTIBIOTICS 2-ANALGISIC 3-PEDIATRIC DRUGS 4-MOUTH WASH [ A- ANALGESIC -B- FLOURIDE

-C- ANTISEPTIC D- H2O2 ]

5-MULTI VITAMINS 6-DRUGS FOR HAEMORRHAGE 7-ANTI EDEMATOUS 8-ANTI VIRAL DRUGS 9-ANTI FUNGAL 10-MINOR APHTHOUS 11-CORTISONE 12-SEDATIVE

13-TOPICAL ANAETHESIA 14-MS RELAXANT 2- ANTIBIOTIC IN DETAILS .. 20 1- PRINCIPLES . 2- CLASSIFICATION .

4- FOR ALLL . 51




NEDICATIOMDENTAL

:FIRST CATION IN GENERAL MEDI

1- ANTIBIOTICS 2-ANALGISIC 3-PEDIATRIC DRUGS 4-MOUTH WASH [ A- ANALGESIC -B- FLOURIDE -C- ANTISEPTIC D- H2O2 ]

5-MULTI VITAMINS 6-DRUGS FOR HAEMORRHAGE 7-ANTI EDEMATOUS 8-ANTI VIRAL DRUGS 9-ANTI FUNGAL 10-MINOR APHTHOUS 11-CORTISONE 12-SEDATIVE 13-TOPICAL ANAETHESIA 14-MS RELAXANT

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

ANTIBIOTIC-1 : PENICILLIN GROUP A

1- Hi-concil 500 mg [caps] 8 LE 1*4

2- Amoxil{amoxicillin} 500 mg [caps] 7LE 1*3

3- E-Mox{amoxicillin} 500 mg [caps] 13LE 1*3

Vial [500] 4 LE 1*3 Vial [1000] 6LE 1*3




4- Ampicillin 250 [cap] 3.75 LE 1*4 500 [cap] 4.50 LE 1*4

5- Ospamox 750 [tab] 11 LE 1*2 1000 [tab] 13 LE 1*2

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

:CEPHALOSPORIN GP _B

1- CEFOTAX 1gm 3RD GEN. [vial] 250 15LE 1*2

2- CEFOBED 1gm [vial] 28 LE 1*2




3- CEPOREX 1 gm [vial] 7 LE 1*2

250 [tab] 6LE 1*2 500 [tab]

1000 [tab]

4-CURISAFE mix 500 [TAB] 1*2 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

: gpAMYCIN CLID -C

1-CLINDAM 150 [cap] 15 LE 1*4

3*1 LE 10] cap [300 ANAE.. MIXED AER

2- DALACIN-C 300 mg [tab] 35 LE 1*4 ANAEROBIC




:COMBINATON -D 1- FLUMOX 1 gm [vial] 6LE 1*2

) FLUCLOXILIN+ AMOXILLIN (

500 mg [cap] 18 LE 1*3

2- EMOXCLAV 625 [tab] 25 LE 1*3 ) CLAVULANIC+AMOXILLIN(

375 [tab] 22 LE 1*3 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

)COMBINATION ( RESISTANCE CASES E

2*1 LE 26 mg 375] tab [STRONG AUGMENTIN-1

625 mg 30 LE 1*2 )CLAVULANIC A+AMOXILLIN(..

2- HI BIOTIC [tab] 375 mg 22 LE [tab] 625 mg 56 LE

)CLAVULANIC+ AMOXILLIN (




ANALGESICS-2 :PARACETAMOL-A

ANTIPYRETICANALGESIC : USE N.B : 1- VERY SAFE . 2- THE ONLY DRUG TAKEN DURING PREGNANCY . 3- USED WITH CHILDREN AND OLD PEOPLE . 4- ITS METABOLISM IN LIVER SO USED IN LIVER BUT NOT MORE THAN 2gm DAILY .

1- PYRAL 500 mg [tab] 3 LE 1*3 2- CETAL 500 mg [tab] 3 LE 1*4

3- PANADOL 500 mg [tab] 20 LE 1*3

4- PANADOL EXTRA 500 mg [tab] 20 LE 1*3 (PANADOL + CAFFINE )

5- ABIMOL 500 mg [tab] 4 LE 1*3

6- ABIMOL EXTRA 500 mg 5 LE 1*3

7-PARACETAMOL 500 mg [TAB] 2LE 1*3




8- MOLFEN 500 mg [tab] 2 LE 1*3

(PARACETAMOL 500 mg+ CAFFIENE 30 mg)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

: COMBINATION -B mg Paracetamol 500+ mg Ibuprofen 400 :CONTAIN

1- PAROFEN [tab] 4 LE 1*3

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : NSAID -c

ANALGESIC-1 :Indication .. A

1-highly potent very strong analgesic . 2-must taken after eating as cause peptic ulcer .

:contraindication .. B

1- LIVER AND KIDNEY DISEASE . 2-PREGNANCY AND LACTATION .

3-IN PEPTIC ULCER ..CAUSE IRRITATION IN STOMACH . ---------------------------------------------

1-FELDENE [tab] 10 mg 15 LE 1*2

[caps] 20 mg 15 LE 1*2




2- EPICOTIL [tab] 20 mg 11 LE 1*2

[vial] 20 mg 9 LE 1*2

3-KETOLAC [amp]-[tab] 10 LE 1*2

4-CATAFLAM [tab] 50 mg 19 LE 1*3 [tab] 25 mg 10 LE 1*3

5-VOLTAREN [tab] SR100 15 LE 1*2




6- OFLAM [caps] 50 mg 4 LE1*2

[caps] 25 1*2 [IN LIVER DISEASE]

7- BRUFEN [tab] 400 mg 14 LE 1*3

[tab] 600 mg 16 LE 1*2

8-PROFINAL [tab] 400-800 mg 4 LE 1*1

9-BI-PROFINID [tab] 150 mg 11 LE 1*1




10-OLFEN 75 [amp] 7 LE 1*2 11-KETOFAN [sr] 200 13 LE 1*1

[cap] 50 5 LE 1*3

12- XEFO (VERY STRONG ) [tab] 4 mg 14 LE 1*3

[tab] 5 mg 16 LE 1*3

VERY VERY STRONG [vial] 8mg 9 LE 1*3

13-CATAFAST [sheets] (9 PACK) 18 LE VERY RAPID ACTION [ONE DAILY IN 1/2 WATER CUP]

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------




ANTI COX ll-2 .PEPTIC ULCERUSED IN : IND-

. EFFECT ON LIVER AND KIDNEY: SIDE EFFECT-

1 MOBIC [tab] 15 mg 23 LE 1*2

[tab] 7.5 mg

[amp] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

PEDIATRIC DRUGS-3

ANALGESIC-1

:)THE BEST (PARACETAMOL-A

1- CETAL 250 [syr] 3 LE 1*3 2-ABIMOL 150 [syr] 3 LE 1*3 3-CETAMOL [syr] 2 LE 1*3




4-PYRAL 120(Pedo) [syr] 3 LE 1*3

5-TEMPRA [syr] 4 LE 1*3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

)ANTI INFLAMMATORY( NSAID-B

1- BRUFEN 100 [syr] 4 LE 1*3 2-MACROFEN 100 [syr] 2 LE 1*3

3- PROFINAL 100 [syr] 3 LE 1*3 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

: COMBINATION C CONTAIN : 100 MG IBUPROFEN + 60 ML PARACETAMOL

1- MEGAFEN [ syr ] 3 LE 1*3

-----------------------




CALCIUM SUPPLY-2 . TEETHRY 1CASE OF HYPOPLASIA OF USED IN -

1- PEDICAL (CAL +VIT D+B 12 ) [syr] 7 LE 1*3 -------------------------------------------------------

DRUGS FOR SEDATION-3 1- CHLORAL [syr] 12 LE 1*2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ICS ANTIBIOT-4 : ITS DERIVATIVES AND PENICILLIN -A

1- HICONCIL 250 [ susp ] 5 LE 1*3 125 [susp] 4LE 1*3 2-AMPICILLIN 250 [susp] 5LE 125 [susp] 3LE

3-E-MOX 250 [susp] 5LE 1*3 125 {SUSP] 3LE 1*3

------------------------------




: CEPHALOSPORIN -B

1- VELOSEF 250 [susp] 9 LE 1*3 125 [susp] 5 LE 1*3

2-CEPOREX 250 [susp] 10 LE 1*3 125 [susp] 6 LE 1*3

------------------------------------------------ : COMBINATION -C

1- AMOFLUX

(ORANGE TASTE) 250 [syr] 8 LE 1*4

2- FLUMOX 250 [susp] 12 LE 1*4




3- E MOXCLAVE 156 [susp] 11 LE 1*3

312 [ susp] 16 LE 1*3

4- HI-BIOTIC 156 [susp] 11 LE 1*3 RESISTANCE CASE 312 [TAB] 26 LE

5- AUGMENTIN 156 [susp] 16 LE

312 [susp] 24 LE -------------------------------------------- :ANAEROBIC INFECTION -

1-AMRIZOLE 125 [syr] 3 LE 1*3 ----------------------------------------------------------




: SENSITIVITY TO PENICILLIN-D

1- ERYTHROMYCIN [susp] 4 LE 1*4 2-ERYOTHIN 200 mg [susp] 8 LE 1*3

3-ZISROCIN 100 mg 13 LE 1*1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

mouth wash-4

W. ANALGESIC M-1

1- TANTUM VERDE M.W 3 LE 1*3 2- CITROLINE (ANTISEPTIC+ANALGESIC) M.W 2 LE 1*3 (CETRIMIDIC+LIDOCAINE) PREVENT CARIES

- Action : 1- relief pain by ana. Of peripheral nerves . - Ind : pockets and scalling .

.




FLOURIDE-2 TREATMENT OF BAD BREATH

1- FLUCAL M.W

2- EZAFLOUR M.W 5 LE 1*3 3-CITROLIN-F M.W 2 LE 1*3

---------------------------------------------------- ANTISEPTIC-3

A - chlorohexidine - ACTION :BACTERIOSTATIC + BACTERICIDAL - INDIATION : IN SURGERY AND SCALLING - SIDE EFFECT : PERMENANT STAINING OF TEETH IN LONG COURSE

1- ORALDENE M.W 4 LE 1*2

2- BETADINE M.W 4 LE [ IN DRY SOCKET] 1*3




3-ANTISEPTOL (RED) 3 LE 1*3

)DESTROY PLAQ LAYER( LE 14 w.m. LYSOPLAC-4

:W .OTHERS M-B

1*2 7 le 1-B-Fresh

:Advantages

1- Mint Flavor. 2-excellent antiseptic due to cetylpyridinium . 3-no chlorohexidene.

------------------------------------------

W. M2O2 H-c effectivescence of O2 lead to mech..

- ACTION :




- cleaning for the area 2- 10 vol. conc 3-20-30 diluted

4-2 spoon in 1/2 glass of water for 4-5 days.

:INDICATION - Cases of deep pocket and operculectomy pericoronitis.

...................................................... :B .N

Chlorohexidene oral gel :

1- DG-CARE GEL 10 le 1*3

2- EZ-CARE GEL 12 le 1*3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

:INDICATION - - IN GINGIVITIS AND PERIODONTITIS PERIO-POCKET AND POST DENTAL SCALLING .

:USAGE -

- ON TOOTH BRUSH 2-3 TIMES DAILY . THEN RINSES WITH WATER .

- ACTION :

ANTI MICROBIAL AND ANTI INFLAMMATORY . - -----------------------




TI VITAMINSMUL -5

1- HEMSI [caps] 22 le 1*1

2-Haema caps (c-b12- FE ) [caps] 10 le 1*1

3-ORA VIT [CAPS] 12 LE 1*1

4- CEVAROL (vit c ) [TAB] 4 LE 1*1 aid in collegen synthesis so decrease bleeding

5- VITAMIN C SR (caps) 8 LE 1*1 .

-------- FOR APHTHUS ULCER ---**

1- VITA-ZINC (CAPS) 5 LE 1*1 2- VITA ZINC PLUS (CAPS) 10 LE 1*1

------------------------------------------------------------------------------




DRUGS FOR HAEMORRHAGE-6

1- DICYNONE 250 3 (amp) 7 LE 1*2

2-AMRI-K (vit k) 5 (amp) 5 LE 1*2

3-HAEMOSTOP (tab) 6 LE 1*2

3 (amp) 4 LE 1*2

4-KAPRON (amp) 21 LE 1*2

(tab)

------------------- ----------------------------- ------




edematous drugs-anti-7

:USAGE 1-used to decrease edema after impression and surgery . 2-for traumatic edema . 3-used also after postoperative sensitivity (reversible pulpitis) . 4-If infection must be combination with antibiotic .

1- Alphintern 10 mg (tab) 12 le 1*3

1*1 le 18) vial(M . Ichymotripsin-alpha-2 ......................

anti viral-8

1-ACYCLOVIR 200 mg (cream) 4 LE 1*5

2-ACYCLOVIR 400 mg (tab) 70 LE 1*5 IN SEVER CASES

3-ACYCLOVIR 200 mg (tab) 13 LE 1*5




5*1 LE 166) tab ( ZOVIRAX-4

5*1 LE 12) cream (ZOVIRAX -5

-- USED FOR CASES HERPS SIMPLEX --

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ANTI FUNGAL DRUGS AND ORAL PREPARATION-9

1-MYCOSTATIN (drops) 7 LE 4-5/day 2-DUCTARIN oral (gel) 18 LE 1*3 3-MYCONAZ (gel) 9 LE 1*3

4-DI-FLUCAN.150 mg (caps) 24 LE 1*1 SYSTEMIC ANTIFUNGAL

5-ELU CHLROHEXIDENE 2 % (gel) 7 LE 1*3




6-JOGEL (lidocaine) (gel) 5 LE 1*3 USE IN DRY SOCKET ANTIMICROBIAL + ANTI INFLAMMATION

7-SALIVEX-L (paint) 5 LE 1*3 USED IN TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATION

8-DENTOCALM (paint) 2 LE 1*3 -ANAGESIC OF GINGIVA PAIN AND TOOTHACHE

9-B.B.C (spray) 10 LE 1*3

10-CANDEX (drops) 1*1 IM FOR ALL TTT OF CANDIDAL INF. IN ORAL CAVITY TONGUE INTESTINE OESOPHAGUS .

-------------------------------------------------------------




MINOR APHTHUS-10 ULCER + TRAUMATIC ULCER

1-SOLCOSERYL dental (oint) 3 LE 1*3

2-ORACURE (gel) 4 LE 1*3 3-KENALOG in orobase (paste) 8 LE 1*3

4-BETADERM in orobase (cream) 3 LE 1*2

ORAL PASTE -ACTION : ISOLATE IT FROM ORAL FLUIDS SO INCREASE HEALING RECOMMENDED BEFORE EATING .

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- cortisonE in drugs-11

1-KENALOG in orobase (paste) 8 LE 1*3

2-BETADERM in orobase (cream) 3 LE 1*2 anti inflamatory-anti allergic-




3-HOSTACORTINE. (tab) 4 LE 2*3 (10 tab in tantum MW)

NB:

- NEVER GIVEN IN VIRAL INFECTION. - IN CASE OF LICHEN PLANUS MAJOR APHTHUS

CONTRA INDICATION :

- INFECTION D.M PEPTIC ULCER .

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SEDATIVES-12

1- VALIUM 5 15 LE 1*2 10 50 LE 1*2

2-VALPAM (amp) 4 LE 1*2

(syrup)

5 mg (tab)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------




topical anaethesia-13

1- LIGNOCAINE (spray) 10 LE 1*3

(cream)

2-LIDOCAINE (gel) 3 LE 1*2

3-ETHYL CHLORIDE (spray) 15 LE 1*3

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

RELAXANT. MS-14

1-MYOFEN (CAP) 4 LE 1*3 (CHLROZOXAZON + IBUPROFEN)




2-MYORELAX (CAP) 3 LE 1*2 (CARISOPRODOL+ARACETAMOL)

3-NORFLEX (amp) 4 LE 1*3

LE 3) tab ( -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

N.B : Topical analgesic used in cases of ulcers . laceration and burns .

. has analgesic and anti inflammatorysaliocet and solcoseryl L-Salivex

powerful whitening and antiseptic gel applied on tooth brush to is CARE-EZclean both tooth and mucosa then rinsing with water .

.ropreties anti inflammatory and analgesic p anti microbial JOGEL

S acting on vascular system for .D.I.A.S.poyent N: ANTI EDEMETOUSvascular insufficiency used for 1-acute enlarging infection swelling eg. Acute cellulites and acute periodontal abscess . 2.after complicated surgery procedures to prevent pain and edema .

:MOUTH WASH

To improve oral hygiene as apart of treatment course of Acute oral infection and periodontal diseases .

: ANTISEPTOL HEXITOL -1 Are anti plaque agent which used in in bad oral hygiene .

.nalgesic effecthas a: F - citrolineclinitol -2 - Citroline-f Minarflour and flucal have ability to release fluoride +anticariogenic effect .


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Second Antibiotic in details

ANTI-INFECTIVE DRUGS

ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS ( ANTIBIOTIC ) :INDICATION-A

1-acute rapidly spreading infection . 2-prophylactic indication .

:DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION -B

1-Oral route is safe for non serious infection . 2-I.V and I.M routes for acute serious condition . C-ANTIBIOTIC COMBINATION :

1- GIVEN TO OBTAIN POTENTIATION . 2- DELAYED DEVELOPMENT OF DRUG RESISTANCE .

3-BROADEN SPECTRUM OF ACTIVITY ESPICIALLY FOR MIXED INFECTION .

:TYPES-D

1- PENICILLINS : - Indicated for most types of oral and maxillofacial infection .

- contra indicated when hypersensitivity and allergy . - classification :

amfipen B : AmpicillinsA 250 susp 250 susp 500 caps 500 cap 500 vial 500 vial 1 gm vial 1 gm vial

B- AMOXICILLINS : vial 250 fraconil susp 250 Amoxil drops 100 Hiconcil

250 susp 500 cap 500 cap 500 cap 200 vial 1 gm vial




C- COMBINATION PENICILLINS (RESISTANCE CASES ) :

FLUMOX (AMOXICILLIN+FLUCLOXACILLIN) AMICLOX (AMPICILLIN + CLOXACILLIN) 250 susp 250 syrup

500 cap 500 cap 500 vial 500vial

UNASYN (ampicillin+sulbactam) AUGMaaentin (amoxicillin+clavulonic A.)

375 susp 312 susp 750 vial 600 vial

1500 vial 1200 vial ---------------------------------------------------------- N.B :

1- For anaerobic and mixed infected is better to give single drugs e.g: clindamycin rather than giving penicillin + metranidazole (flagyl) .

2-the best safety antibiotic for children

: for aerobic infection A Hi concil 100 drops Ibidroxil 250 susp Ibiamox 250 susp all this for under 5 years . Ceporex 250 tab for children over 5 years

: for enearobic infection-B - Amrizole syrup ---- under 6 years .

- Clindam 150 cap ---- over 6 years . -*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------




:Cephalosporins -2

:indication-1 1- 1 st generation e.g. cephradine-cephadroxil-cephalexin ---- active against G

+ ve bac . 2- 2 nd generation e.g. cefuromxime ----- active against some G ve and some G +ve . 3- 3 rd generation e.g. cephoperazone ---- active against G ve only .

: contra indication-2

Hyper sensitivity and allergy about 10 % of patients sensitive to penicillin are sensitive to cephalosporine . -----------------------------------------------------------------------

: classification-3 : st generation 1cephradine -A

Cephraine 500 vial velosef 250 susp

1 gm vial 500 cap 500 vial

1 gm vial : st generation1cephadroxil -B

Durabiotic 500 cap ibidroxil 250 susp duricef 250 susp

500 cap 500 cap




: st generation1cephalexin -c

keflex 250 susp ceporex 250 susp

500 tab 500 vial 1 gm vial

: nd generation2sefuroxime -D zinnat 250 vial

500 tab 750 tab

1gm vial : rd generation3cefoperazone -E

Cefobid 500 vial cefazone 500 vial

1 gm vial 1 gm vial

-----------------------------------------------------------------------




: AMINOGLYCOSIDES -3

: INDICATION-A AS PENICILLINS BUT IT SAFE FOR PATIENT WITH LIVER DISORDERS .

:INDICATION -CONTRA-B

PREGNANCY AS IT MAY CROSS PLACENTA AND CAUSE DAMAGE OF THE 5 TH CRANIAL NERVE CAUSING DEAFNESS OF THE FETUS . BLEEDING TENDENCY (AS IT ANTAGONISE FACTOR 5 AND IN CASE OF RENAL FAILURES .

C-CLASSIFICATION: GENTAMYCIN 20 amp 40 amp

80 amp

Kanamycin 250 vial 1 gm vial

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

: TETRACYCLINES-4 :INDICATION-1

TREATMENT OF PERIODONTAL INFECTION INDUCTION PERIODONTAL REGENERATION AND TREATMENT RECURRENT APHTHOUS STOMATITIS .

2-CONTRA-INDICATION : Children pregnancy and in breast feeling mothers .




N.B ;

so contraindicated > are excerted in urine oxytetracyclineTetracycline -Ain renal failure .

indicated in - are excerted in bile so contra minocyclinesDoxacyclines -B

liver damage .

:classification -3

tetracycline -1

)cap ( tetracycline ) tab(racid Tet oxytetracycline-2

)tab( oxytetracid ) cap( oxytetracyclin : Doxycycline-3

)cap( doxymycin )cap( Vibramycin minocycline -4

minocin 50 (tab) 100 (tab)

..




:LINCOSAMIDES-5 :INDICATION-1

FOR ANAEROBIC AND MIXED INFECTION (ABSCESS-CELLULITTIS AND BONE INFECTION ) .

N.B:

Acute abscess - clindam

acute cellulites -- lincocin 200,600

.in hypersensitivity :contra indicated -2 .classification -3

)amp (300 Lincomycin-1

600 (amp)

Clindamycin -2

A- Dalacinc 150 (cap) B- clindam 150 (amp)

)amp (300 )amp (600

----------------------------------------------------------------------------




: METRONIDAZOLE -6 .TION FOR ANAEROBIC BACTERIAL INFEC: INDICATION-1

when there are hypersensitivity with drugs containing : INDICATION-CONTRA-2alcohols e.g M.W.

:classification-3 1- Flagyl (syrup) 2- AMRIZOLE (syrup) 250 (tab) 250 (tab) 500 (tab) 500 (tab) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

7- QUIOLONES : .absorbed by all tissuesin sever bone infection as it well :INDICATION-1

.in case of allergy : CONTRAINDICATION-2 : CLASSIFICATION-3

1- CIPROFLAXIN 200 (vial) 2- CIPRINAL 250 (tab) 250 (tab) 500 (tab) 500 (tab)

.antifungal+cortisone+ AB contain ointment -8

Terrcortill (oint) 1.50 LE 1*3 l by file between appointment in endodontic treatment put it in cana : SEDU

]quinolone[ sever infection -/

1- Tavanic (tab) 500 85 LE 1* 1 2- tequin

(tab) 90 LE 1*1




: TO PENICILLIN SENSITIVITY-9

1-ERYTHROMYCIN 500 mg (tab) [marcolid gp] 7 LE 1*4

2-ERYTHROCIN 500 mg (tab) 9 LE 1*4

3-GARAMYCIN 80 mg (amp ) 9LE 1*3 [AMINOGLCOSIDE]

4-spirazole forte (tab) 6 LE 1*2 (Spiramycin+metronidazole) So aerobic+anaerobic

Ideal treatment in sinus infection--

5-zisrocin 500 (cap) 18 LE 1*3 1(cap) daily (azithrocin )




:ANAEROBIC INFECTION -K USED IN DEEP POCKET .

1- AMRIZOLE 250 mg (tab) 3 LE 1*3 500 mg 2-FLAGYL 500 mg (tab) 5 LE 1*3

:B.N

Small or large abscess needs :Combination

]flagyl + augmentin :[As) Anaerobic(amrizole )+ aerobic(FLUMOX

.....

Classification of antibiotics According to their mode of action and effect on bacterial

.all are bactericidal : cell wall synthesis inhibitors-1

e.g : B-lactams ------ as penicillins * cephalosporins .

all are bacteriostatic except some : protein synthesis inhibitors-2bactericidal as : Aminoglycosides ( streptomycin gentamycin amikinneomycin ) .

.all are bactericidal : nucleic acid synthesis inhibtors-3

e.g : imidazoles (metronidazole ) rifampicin . . quinoloness .

ined comb. Intermediate metabolism inhibitors bacteriostatic -4bactericidal e.g sulphonamides .

.antibiotic acting on cytoplasmic membrane -5

e.g .. polypeptides . ......................................................




:the ideal antibiotic should : B.N

1- be selective and effective in its antimicrobial activity . 2-be safe in therapeutic dosage .

3-be free from hyoersensitivity reaction and not interfere with any vial function . 4-remain unaffected by blood .pus or enzymes .

5-be stable . water soluble . 6-be absorbed and distributed throught the body . to give bactericidal levels where needed .

7-be excerted in urine in amount sufficient to treat urinary tract infection . 8-be bactericidal not bacteriostatic and should not induce resistance .

9-have a reasonable price.

NTIBIOTICMECHANISM OF ACTION OF A

1-cell wall synthesis . 2-protien synthesis . 3-cell membrane synthesis . 4-necleic acid replication . 5-metabolic transformation .

Pharmacokinetics

(fade of drugs )

1-absorption 2- distribution 3-metabolism 4-excertion

tibiotic in generalTypes of an 1- beta- lactam antibiotic.- 2- aminoglycosides . 3- tetracyclines . 4- Linocosamides . 5- anti-infective agents . 6-macrolids . 7- quinolones .




GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF PENICILLIN

:CONTRAINDICATION OF PENICILLIN $ SIDE EFFECT

1-NEUROTOXICITY . 2-ACTION TOXICITY ESPICIALLY IN RENAL FAILURE. 3-HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA & BONE MARROW DEPRESSION .

N.B :

. has the following advantages over penicillin : AMOXICILLIN

1-better absorption & less affected by food . 2- higher tissue level . 3-less diarrhea . rash and side effect .

N.B: for anaerobic or mixed infection it is better use single drugs for aerobic and anaerobic infection e.g : clindamycin derivatives rather than using penicillin +drug for anaerobic e.g : flagyl .

N.B :

ibiotics for childrenThe best safety ant

for aerobic infection : 1- hiconcil (drops) 2-ibidroxil (susp) for child under 5 years of age . 3-ibiamox (susp)

4- ceporex 250 (tab) for child over 5 years of age .

:For anaerobic infection

- Amrizole (syp) child under 6 years . - clindam 150 (cap) over 6 years .




GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF AMINOGLYCOSIDES

:MEMBERS Gentamycin streptomycin amikacin . Neomycin . Kanamycin

SPECTRUM OF ACTIVITY :

- aerobic & anaerobic bacteria . - G ve bacilli & cocci . - staphylo cocci .

: USES - AS PENICILLIN & for serious infection &pre surgicall in patient liable to infectes endocarditis .

:B.N

Kanamycin derivatives are safety antibiotic for patient with GIT or liver disorder .

Side effect and contra indication ;

1-ototoxicity ( dizziness . motion . related headache . tinnitus & nausea )

N.B : in pregnant as it may cross the placenta causing It is contra indicated

damage to the 8 th cranial erve resulting in deafness of infant . 2-nephrotoxicity in patient with renal failure . 3-nephrotoxicity (headache . lip parasthesia ) 4- bleeding tendency as it antagonize factor 5 . .....

GENERAL PRINCIPLE OF CEPHALOSPORINE

:ACTIVITY MEMBER AND THEIR SPECTRUM OF

: st generation 1 - e.g : cephradine . cephadroxil . cephalxin . active against G +ve and some G ve




rd generation3- e.g cephoperazone . cefaclor .active against G ve only .

:B .N All cephalosporins are active against penicillin produci ng bacteria specially 2 nd & 3 rd generations of cephalosporins .

:Side effect and contraindication of cephalosporines

1- nephrotoxicity & kidney damage (especially with aminoglycosides contra indicated with patient with renal failure or renal transplant . 2-hypersensitivity & allergy N.B about 10 % of patient allergic to penicillin may be also allergy to cephalosporines .

3-GIT disturbances as in penicillin . 4local reaction . 5 rarely it may cause disturbated blood clotting in old patient .

.candidal infection: chronic use of antibiotic may cause infection : B.N

:USES As penicillin + for penicillin resistant bacteria (nowdays cephalosporines are

widely used to decrease development of resistance to penicillin .

.......................................................

QUINOLONES -1

:CIPROFLOXACIN

Well absorbed & distribution drug reaches all the tissues so it used in sever bone infection ( well absorbed by bone )

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MARCOLIDES-2

;GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF MARCOLIDES

:USES & SPECTRUM OF ACTIVITY & MEMBERS E.G :

ERYTHROMYCIN :

1- has similar specrum as penicillin and used in cases contra indicated for penicillin allergy e.g : azithromycin.

2-better than penicillin against g ve pathoges but less effective against staphylococci and streptococci .

METRONIDAZOLES-3

:GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF METRONIDAZOLE

.ll the best of choiceanaerobic bacterial infection but lincosamides sti: USES

:CONTRA INDICATED & SIDE EFFECT :ON THE ORAL CAVITY-1

BLACK FISSURED TONGUE & GLOSSITIS . -STOMATITIS & UNPLEASANT METALLIC TASTE .

: ON GIT -2

- NAUSEA . VOMITING . ABDOMINAL CRAMPS & EPIGASTRIC DISTRESS.

.ONTRA INDICATED IN RENAL FAILURE DISEASEC: RENAL TOXICITY-3 : DRUG INTERACTION -4

WITH ALCOHOLS (E.G ORAL LOZENGES & MOUTH WASHES CONTAINING ALCOHOLS ) NAUSEA ABDOMINAL CRAMPS & PAIN .




TETRACYCLINES-4 :ES GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF TETRACYCLIN

:MEMBERS 1-tetracyclines . 2-oxytetracyclines . 3-doxacyclines . 4-minocycline .

:SPECTRUM OF ACTIVITY OF TETRACYCLINE *

Against wide rang of + ve and ve (especially bacilli )

:USES OF TETRACYCLINES

1- in treatment course of periodontal diseases combined with other periodontal . e.g . scalling

N.B : it was found that tetracyclines is the best antibiotic for periodontal bacterial Infection treatment together with the ability ti induce periodontal regeneration . 2- treatment of the recurrent aphthus ulcer stomatitis . 3- treatment of sinusitis . .

:CONTRA INDICATION & SIDE EFFECTS 1- discoloration and deformnity of teet & bone 9contra indication for children and pregnant or breast feeding .

2-kidney & liver damage & oxytetracyclin are excerted in urine so contra indicated in renal failure while doxacycline & minocyclin are excerted in bile so contra indicated in liver damage .

3-photosensitivity & hypersensitivity . 4- GIT side effect .

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LINOCOSAMIDES-5 :GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF LINCOSAMIDES

:MEMBERS LINCOMYCIN & CLINDAMYCIN .

:Spectrum of activity

WIDE RANGE OF g VE & ANAEROBIC AND AEROBIC BACTERIA.

:Uses Anaerobic & mixed infection as abscess . cellulites & bone bacterial infection .

:B .N

The best choice for

Acute abscess : clindam (cap)

Acute cellutitis : lincocin .




FOOOOR ALLLL

Prescribing for Children Mean Weights The information in the table below has been extracted from BNFC 20072. The table shows the mean values for weight by childrens age. These values can be used to calculate doses in the absence of actual measurements. However, note that the childs actual weight might vary considerably from the values in the table and it is important to see the child to ensure that the value chosen is appropriate. In most cases, the childs actual weight should be obtained as soon as possible and the dose re-calculated. Age Weight (kg) 6 months 7.7 1 year 10 3 years 15 5 years 18 7 years 23 10 years 30 12 years 39 14 years 50 Adult male 68 Adult female 56




NOTES

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.............................................. WRITER INFORMATION

/ .

DR OSAMA EL HADY

DENTAL MEDICINE 2010 AL AZHAR UNIVERSITY

.

EMAIL : [email protected]

Find me on

WWW.FACEBOOK.COM/DENTISTOSAMAELHADY

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THE END :

1-11-2010 03:00 PM


dental medication by osama el hady

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