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8/11/2019 Demir Cevheri Ile Ilgili Dokuman

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Iron OreIron used in steelmaking is the mainstay metal for the

infrastructure of modern civilization, from ships to bridges,

railways, skyscrapers, cars, trucks, trains, engines, and

machines of all kinds, down to everyday pins and paperclips.


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Train loaded with iron ore from Robe RiversMesa J mine travels to the Cape Lambert

port facilities, Australia.

A stock pile of iron ore which has been graded

by lump size, awaits haulage to the loadingfacility on the nearby Paraguay River, atCorumb, Brazil.

1 Iron Ore

Rio Tinto Iron Ore

Rio Tinto Iron Ore (RTIO) is the largest

iron ore producer in the Pilbara region of

Western Australia. It has unrivalled

operational flexibility with nine mines and

three ports served by an integrated rail

system. Between 1999 and 2005 RTIO

has been transformed by acquisition andexpansion of international assets.

RTIO is the worlds second largest iron

ore producer. Its Pilbara Iron assets

comprise Hamersley Iron, Robe Rover

Iron Associates and the Hope Downs joint

venture. Robe River joined the Group in

2000 with the acquisition of North Ltd. In

the same transaction Rio Tinto acquired

the mine, processing and shipping

facilities of Iron Ore Company of Canada

in Labrador.

Driven by unprecedented demand from

China, RTIO has commissioned new

mines and expanded production at others.

Current plans will triple production

volumes since 1999.

Driven by

unprecedented

demand from

China, RTIO hascommissioned

new mines and

expanded

production

at others.

Pilbara Iron (Brockman 2, Marandoo, Tom Price, Paraburdoo, Yandicoogina,Channar, Eastern Range, Pannawonica-Mesa-J, West Angelas), Australia

1 4 5

3

6

7

2

1

Iron Ore Company of Canada2

Corumb, Brazil3

HIsmelt, Australia4

Hope Downs joint venture, Australia5

Simandou, Guinea6

Orissa, India7

Front cover: Close up detail of iron ore.


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Iron ore projects

Hope Downs, Australia

(Rio Tinto 50 per cent)

Orissa, India

(Rio Tinto 51 per cent)Simandou, Guinea, West Africa

Iron Ore operations

Pilbara Iron, Australia

Brockman 2

Marandoo

Tom Price

Paraburdoo

YandicooginaEastern Range


Channar


West Angelas


Pannawonica-Mesa J


Dampier Port

Cape Lambert Port(Rio Tinto 53 per cent)

Pilbara Rail Company

Hamersley Iron

Hamersley Iron is a wholly owned

subsidiary of Rio Tinto. Hamersleys

Pilbara assets include seven mines,

including two mines in joint venture with

members of the Chinese steel industry,

630 kilometres of railway and port and

infrastructure located in Dampier.These

assets are run as a single operation

managed and maintained by Pilbara Iron.

Hamersley retains responsibility for its

own independent sales and marketing

function, with sales offices located in

London, Tokyo, Seoul, Shanghai and

Beijing. Hamersley markets the

following iron ore products

HIP Fines, HIP Lump, HI Yandi

and HIX. Sales to Chinese steel mills

account for half of production.

Stacking iron ore on to blending stockpileat Hamersley Irons Yandicoogina mine,

Western Australia.

Aerial view of Hamersley iron mine,

Western Australia.

Iron Ore 2


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Both Hamersley

Iron and Robe River

remain independent

and retain separatemarketing functions.

Pilbara Iron

In 2003 Rio Tinto reached agreement

with its joint venture partners in Robe

River to allow closer cooperation

between the Pilbara operations of

Hamersley and Robe. In 2004 a new

entity, Pilbara Iron, was formed to enable

the sharing of rail, port and powerinfrastructure as well as management

of non-infrastructure assets, including

mobile and other mining equipment,

and site and corporate services.

Coordination was progressively

implemented during 2004. Together with

Pilbara Rail Company, the two entities

manage RTIOs iron ore assets in the

Pilbara as an optimised and integrated

operation. Both Hamersley Iron and

Robe River remain independent andretain separate marketing functions.

A iron ore train runs along a 630 kilometre

dedicated railway with a port facility atDampier, Australia.


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Robe retains

responsibility for its

own independent

sales and marketingfunction.

Robe River


Robe River Iron Associates (Robe)

is an unincorporated joint venture in

which Mitsui (33 per cent), Nippon Steel

(10.5 per cent) and Sumitomo Metal

Industries (3.5 per cent) also have

interests. Robes assets include twomines, 470 kilometres of railway and

port and infrastructure located at Cape

Lambert.These assets are run as a

single operation. Robe operates the two

mining operations and Robes port and

infrastructure are managed and

maintained by Pilbara Iron.

Robe retains responsibility for its

own independent sales and marketing

function, and has a sales office in

Shanghai. Robe Rivers iron ore productsinclude Robe River Fines, Robe River

Lump, West Angelas Fines and West

Angelas Lump. Sales to Japanese steel

mills account for over 25 per cent, with

increasing penetration of the

Chinese market.

Iron ore bound for Asia,

Dampier port, Australia.


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Expanding in the Pilbara

Pilbara Iron celebrates 40 years in the

Pilbara in 2006. In 1966, Hamersley Iron

Pty Limited was established as a joint

venture between the American company

Kaiser Steel (40 per cent) and CRA (60

per cent). Despite the extremely limited

infrastructure in the remote Pilbara,it took just 19 months to commission

the initial Mount Tom Price mine

infrastructure, build a shipping port at

Dampier, a railway and two towns.

The first shipment of Hamersley ore left

the Dampier port in August 1966, with

52,000 tonnes of ore loaded aboard the

Huon Maru, for delivery to the Yawata

Iron and Steel Company in Japan. Within

two years, Hamersley was mining more

than nine million tonnes of iron ore fromMount Tom Price each year.

The company quickly secured contracts

with Japanese steel mills, as well

as companies in Britain, Europe,

and the US.

For 40 years, Hamersley has extended

its ore reserves, mining and associated

operations and international markets far

beyond the scope of the initial project.

Now 100 per cent owned by Rio Tinto,

Hamersley has seven mining

operations in the Pilbara (two underjoint venture agreements).

Pilbara Iron has been focused on

meeting the worlds increasing appetite

for iron ore over the past few years. In

December 2003, it announced plans to

spend US$920 million to expand the

capacity of its port operations to 116

million tonnes, increase capacity at its

Yandicoogina mine to 36 million tonnes

per annum, acquire additional rail assets

and undertake further feasibility studies.

The 42 million tonne increase in capacity

at the Dampier port will ensure that

Pilbara Iron has sufficient port capacity

available to meet steel makers future

needs for iron ore. In April 2005, Rio

Tinto committed a further US$290 million

to expand Hamersley Irons mines which

is expected to add 15 million tonnes per

annum to capacity.

5 Iron Ore

The Pilbara is a region of Western Australia,

where Hamersley Iron owns its iron oremines.The Pilbara is well known for its

beautiful landscape.

Rio Tinto committed

a further US$290

million to expand

Hamersley Ironsmines which is

expected to add

15 million tonnes

per annum to

capacity.


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Red earth is typical of the Pilbara region of

Western Australia, where the majority ofRio Tinto iron ore operations are based.

Iron Ore 6


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A further $245

million is currently

being spent on rail

duplication andimproving power

capacity and

reliability.

Robe River operates two open pit mining

operations in Western Australia. Mesa J

is located in the Robe Valley, north of the

town of Pannawonica. The mine

produces Robe River fines and lump,

which are pisolitic iron ore products.

The West Angelas mine, opened in

2002, is located approximately 100kilometres west of the town of Newman.

The mine produces West Angelas fines

and lump, which are Marra Mamba

iron ore products.

Mine production from West Angelas

reached an annualised rate of 18 million

tonnes per year in December 2003,

and reached its original design rate of

20 million tonnes per year in the first

quarter of 2004, two years earlier than

planned. This increased Robesproduction capacity to a nominal 50

million tonnes per year.

Expansion work at West Angelas to

increase capacity to 25 million tonnes

per annum has been completed at a

cost of US$105 million. A further $245

million is currently being spent on rail

duplication and improving power

capacity and reliability.

Iron ore is transported by rail from the

Hamersley mines to the port of Dampier

on the north west coast of Australia,

a distance of about 380 kilometres.

High tech locomotives with advanced

on board computers enable one man

operation of some of the longest and

heaviest trains in the world. Robe uses

a dedicated rail system, operated by

Pilbara Iron, to transport ore from its

mines to the companys deepwater port

facilities at Cape Lambert for export.

Hamersley was originally named after

the Hamersley mountain ranges, which

contain exceptionally rich iron formations

of more than 60 per cent iron content in

places. The mines use conventional open

pit mining methods. Material is drilled and

blasted in benches, loaded into trucks by

shovels, hydraulic excavators or front endloaders and transported to the primary

crusher. The ore is processed in a

crushing and screening plant to produce

fine ore (-6.3 mm) and lump ore

(+6.3 mm -31.5 mm).Yandi (HIY) fines

ore, produced at the Yandicoogina mine,

is less than 10mm. Low grade ore at Tom

Price is treated in a concentrator where

contaminating shale is removed by

a heavy medium separation process.

A Pilbara Rail train carrying iron ore

through the Pilbara region inWestern Australia.

7 Iron Ore


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An aerial view of the lake and trees and

Labrador City. In the foreground is a trainwaiting to be loaded before heading toSept-Iles. In the background is the

IOC mine.

Iron Ore 8


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Iron Ore Company of Canada

With the acquisition of North Ltd in

2000, Rio Tinto gained significant iron

ore and pellet operations in Canada

operated by the Iron Ore Company of

Canada (IOC), which has been

Canadas premier supplier of iron ore

for five decades. IOC operates a mine,concentrator and iron ore pellet making

plant at Labrador City in the Canadian

province of Newfoundland and Labrador,

as well as a 420 kilometre railway, port

facilities and a partially refurbished

pellet plant at Sept-Iles on the Gulf of

St. Lawrence.The pellet operation

enhances Rio Tintos product range.

IOC owns reserves sufficient for more

than 25 years of operation at current

levels of production.

IOC is developing four existing mining

areas into one super pit, the Luce

deposit, as the main ore source for the

next 25 years and beyond. Products

are transported on IOCs Quebec

North Shore and Labrador Railway

to Sept-Iles.

The port is open all year and handles

ore carriers of up to 255,000 tonnes.

IOC exports its concentrate and pellet

products to major North American,

European and Asia Pacific steel makers.

9 Iron Ore

A stock pile of iron ore pellets are still hot at

3000C and are water sprayed in the stockpileyard to cool them down and to dampen thedust, IOC Canada.

The hydroelectric power plant is fed from the

St. Lawrence river and supplies power to thetown of Sept-Illes and IOC.

IOC owns reserves

sufficient for more

than 25 years of

operation at currentlevels of production.


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Development of the process involved

construction of a pilot plant to test the

technology on a large scale over a ten

year period.The satisfactory operation

of the pilot plant led to the decision to

expand to a full scale commercial facility.

The technology allows efficient

processing of ore fines which have higher

levels of impurities which cannot be

processed by conventional blast furnace

technology and operating techniques.

Rio Tinto regards development of the

technology as a means through licensing

agreements of building its iron ore and

metallurgical coal businesses rather than

a step towards becoming an iron and

steel producer itself. In 2003, HIsmelt

signed a process licence agreement with

the Laiwu Steel Group Ltd. of China to

allow for the development of a

800,000 tonnes per year ironmaking

facility using the HIsmelt

technology.

HIsmelt

is a strategic joint venture

between Rio Tinto (60 per cent interest

through its subsidiary, HIsmelt

Corporation), US steelmaker Nucor

Corporation (25 per cent), Mitsubishi

Corporation (10 per cent), and Chinese

steelmaker Shougang Corporation

(5 per cent).

Corumb

Rio Tinto increased its interest in

Mineraao Corumbaense Reunida

(Corumb) to 100 per cent from 80 per

cent in June 1999. Corumb produces

iron ore from an open pit mine in the state

of Mato Grosso do Sul employing 250

people. The mine is planning to expandproduction to 15 million tonnes per year of

iron ore from one million tonnes. Iron ore

is barged along the Paraguay River to

South American and European customers.

Logistic options are being considered for

expanded export sales.

HIsmelt

After 20 years of technology development,

the HIsmelt

plant at Kwinana outside

Perth in Western Australia was being

commissioned in 2005. The HIsmelt

process is a revolutionary direct iron

smelting technology developed largely by

Rio Tinto that converts iron ore fines into

high quality pig iron (96 per cent iron

content) without the use of coke ovens

and sinter plants. It emits significantly

less greenhouse gas and has lower

environmental impact than traditional

ironmaking methods, offering the iron

and steel industry a cleaner alternative

to traditional technology. The plant will

have a capacity of 800,000 tonnes

per year.

Stock piling of iron ore at Corumb,

an open pit mine in Brazil.

The HIsmeltiron making plant at

Kwiuana,Western Australia.


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Fact sheets in this series comprise:

A world leader

Global business, local neighbourMining and the environment

Engagement through partnership

Aluminium

Copper

Diamonds

Energy

Industrial Minerals

Iron Ore

Exploration

Technology

Rio Tinto plc

6 St. Jamess SquareLondonSW1Y 4LDUnited Kingdom

Telephone+44 (0)20 7930 2399

Fax+44 (0)20 7930 3249

www.riotinto.com

For further information please contact:

Rio Tinto Limited

55 Collins StreetMelbourneVictoria 3001Australia

Telephone+61 (0)3 9283 3333

Fax+61 (0)3 9283 3707

Currency: All $ values refer to US dollars unless stated otherwise.

For convenience, the expression Rio Tinto is used to describe both Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited and companies

within the Group, even though these companies are generally separate and independently managed.

Ownership: Where Rio Tinto is not the sole owner of a company, the percentage interest is shown.

Rio Tinto 2006

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