Definition of Wave MotionTypes of waves

Speed of a wave By: Taylor Manning & Dan Calapai

Definition of Wave Motion.

• Wave motion is the movement of a distortion of a material or medium, where the individual parts or elements of the material only move back-and-forth, up-and-down, or in a cyclical pattern.

• It appears as if something is actually moving along the material, but in reality it is just the distortion moving, where one part influences the next.

• This sounds somewhat abstract, but it can be visualized with examples.

• crest - "Highest point" of a wave• wavelength : distance from one crest to the

next• Period T: time between the arrival of two

adjacent waves• Frequency f: 1/T, number of crest that pass a

given point per unit of time

TYPES OF WAVES

• Transverse waves

• Compression waves

• Circular wave

TRANSVERSE WAVES• Transverse waves are up-and-down motion creates

transverse waves• Types of Transverse waves:

– Wave in ballgame– Rope or string– Light waves

TRANSVERSE WAVES

Wave in ballgame

• At the ballgame, someone in the stands may start up a "wave" by standing up and then sitting down. The people on one side then stand up and sit down, then the next people, and so one.

• Everyone is still in their seats, but the wave traveled through the ballpark from one end to the other.

TRANSVERSE WAVES CONT..

Rope or string

• You can shake a rope, causing a wave motion. The parts of the rope only move up-and-down, but the wave moves from one end of the rope to the other. A guitar string also has this type of motion.

Light waves

• Light or electromagnetic waves are caused by a up-and-down motion of electric and magnetic fields, thus making them transverse waves.

Speed of Transverse waves

• speed of transverse waves in solids is given by v=v(n/p) where n is the modulus of rigidly and p is the density of the material of the solid

• speed of the transverse waves in a stretched spring is given by v- V (T/m) where T is the tension and m is the linear density of the string

Compression waves

• Compression waves are back-and-forth motion creates compression or longitudinal waves.

• Types of Compression waves:– Slinky– Sound waves– AC electricity

Compression Waves

Types of Compression Waves

Slinky

• You can stretch out a Slinky along the floor and give one end a back-and-forth shove. The compression will move along the Slinky to its other end

Sound waves

• A loudspeaker cone moves back-and-forth to create a sound, which is a compression wave.

Types of Compression Waves Cont..

AC electricity• Electrons move back-and-

forth in a wire, sending a wave of electric power through the wire. The electrons stay in their general region in AC electricity, while the flow through and out the wire in DC electricity.

Circular wave• There are cases where the material moves in a

combination of transverse and compression, moving in a circular or elliptical pattern, this is called a CIRCULAR WAVE

• Types of Circular Waves– Water waves– Light waves

Circular Waves

Water waves

• Drop a stone in a pool and waves move outward. The surface of the water looks like it goes up and down, but actually the water molecules move in a circular or oval motion the form the wave.

Light waves

• Although light is classified as a transverse wave, the motion of the electrical and magnetic fields may be circular instead. It is hard to tell.

Speed of Waves

Quiz !

1.) What is NOT a name of a motion wave?A. Transverse wave B. Circular waveC. Rope Wave D. Compression wave

2.) Wave motion is theA. movement of a distortion of a material or

medium B. movement of a materialC. any movement in any object

QUIZ!!

3.) How many types of waves are there?1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

4.) When a material moves in a combination of transverse and compression, moving in a circular or elliptical pattern it is a

A. Transverse wave B. Circular WaveC. Compression wave D. Angled waves

Quiz

5.) The crest is theA. Lowest point of a wave B. Highest point of a waveC. Not on a waveD. The midpoint of the wave

6.) wavelength is : A. The distance between the endpoint of the wave B. distance from one crest to the next C. The starting point of a wave

Bibliography !• http://www.school-for-champions.com/science/waves.htm

• Longitudinal and Transverse Wave Motion" (Web site). <http://www.kettering.edu/~drussell/Demos/waves/wavemotion.html> (April 22, 2001).

Waves

Definition of waves/types of waves/speed of a wave

Definition of Wave Motion

• The process by which a disturbance at one point is propagated to another point more remote from the source with no net transport of the material of the medium itself

• Wave motion is activity that carries energy from one place to another without actually moving any matter

Examples of Waves

• Includes ocean waves• Electromagnetic waves (light waves)• Radio transmission waves• Sound waves• Hydrodynamic waves• Vibration waves• Seismic waves

• http://www.stmary.ws/highschool/physics/home/animations3/waves/Wave_Characteristics.html

Speed of a Wave

• Speed = Wavelength * Frequency• In many cases, the speed of the waves traveling in a

medium is determined completely by the medium. • For example, whether you whisper, yell, clap, or stomp,

the sound waves you make always travel at about the same speed, 1100 ft/s;

• you have no control over the wave speed. The wave speed, the frequency, and the wavelength are related by the formula

Parts of a Wave

• Amplitude is the height of the wave from 0 displacement (normal) to the peak, where the peak is the highest point

• Wavelength is the distance from the start to the second point the wave passes 0. i.e. a complete wave.

Four Types of Seismic Waves

• Compressional or P (for primary)

• Transverse or S (for secondary) • Love • Rayleigh

• Seismic waves are propagating vibrations that carry energy from the source of the shaking outward in all directions.

• You can picture this concept by recalling the circular waves that spread over the surface of a pond when a stone is thrown into the water.

• An earthquake is another example

Name_________________________________________

1.) _______ ___________is activity that carries energy from one place to another without actually moving any matter

2.) Formula for speed of a wave. Speed= _________ *_____________3.) Four Types of Seismic Waves are, __________ __________ __________ __________4.) List at least three types of waves ___________ ___________ ___________5.) and 6.) Label the Graph

Name_________________________________________ 1.) WAVE MOTION is activity that carries energy from one place to another without

actually moving any matter 2.) Formula for speed of a wave. Speed= WAVELENGTH * FREQUENCY3.) List at least three examples of waves OCEAN, ELECTROMAGNETIC, RADIO

TRANSMISSION, SOUND, HYDRODYNAMIC, VIBRATION, SEISMIC 4.) Four Types of Seismic Waves are, COMPRESIONAL TRANSVERSE LOVE

RAYLEIGH5.) and 6.) Label the Graph