DefinitionDefinitionofof

PhysicalPhysicalEducationEducation

PHYSICAL EDUCATION is an integral part

of the total education processand has as its aims the development of:

through the medium of physical activities that have been selected and planned

to achieve specific outcomes.

physically

mentally

socially &

emotionally fit citizens

PHYSICAL EDUCATION

• is an integral part of the

total education process

• and has as its aims

• the development of...

physicallyphysically mentallymentally socially &socially & emotionally emotionally fit citizensfit citizens

• through the medium of physical activities

• that have been selected and planned

• to achieve specific outcomes

PHYSICAL EDUCATION is an integral part

of the total education processand has as its aims the development of:

through the medium of physical activities that have been selected and planned to

achieve specific outcomes.

physically

mentally

socially &

emotionally fit citizens

Chapter 4Chapter 4Philosophy

and Physical Education, Exercise Science and Sport

Why StudyWhy StudyPhilosophy?Philosophy?

•It is defined as It is defined as the pursuit of the pursuit of truth.truth.

Why StudyWhy StudyPhilosophy?Philosophy?

•It attempt to It attempt to understand the understand the meaning of things.meaning of things.

Why StudyWhy StudyPhilosophy?Philosophy?

• Developing a personal Developing a personal philosophy can improve philosophy can improve your effectiveness as an your effectiveness as an HPERD leader.HPERD leader.

Why StudyWhy StudyPhilosophy?Philosophy?

•A philosophy will A philosophy will influence your influence your behaviors.behaviors.

Five Five Traditional Traditional PhilosophiesPhilosophies

IDEALISMIDEALISM• Develop personality and mindDevelop personality and mind• subject matter is importantsubject matter is important• methods: QA, lecture, methods: QA, lecture,

discussionsdiscussions• teacher is more important teacher is more important

than processthan process

IDEALISMIDEALISM• student developed as a whole student developed as a whole

personperson• evaluation is evaluation is

subjective/qualitativesubjective/qualitative• resistant to change; physical is resistant to change; physical is

not as important as the mind.not as important as the mind.

REALISMREALISM• trains students for lifetrains students for life• subject is the focus of subject is the focus of

learninglearning• drills, projectsdrills, projects• teacher selects knowledge to teacher selects knowledge to

learnlearn

REALISMREALISM• student develops as a student develops as a

whole personwhole person• evaluation is evaluation is

quantitative/scientific quantitative/scientific meansmeans

• often too narrow often too narrow viewpointviewpoint

PRAGMATISMPRAGMATISM• Helps student to function in Helps student to function in

societysociety

• wide variety of subject matterwide variety of subject matter

• problem-solving is used problem-solving is used

• teacher is a guideteacher is a guide

PRAGMATISMPRAGMATISM• student learns about moral student learns about moral

selfself• evaluation is subjective or evaluation is subjective or

self-evaluationself-evaluation• fails to give students fails to give students

stabilitystability

NATURALISMNATURALISM• Development of whole Development of whole

personperson• subject matter is play-subject matter is play-

oriented, individualizedoriented, individualized• problem-solving, informal problem-solving, informal

methodsmethods

NATURALISMNATURALISM• teacher is a guide, secondary to teacher is a guide, secondary to

naturenature• individualized rate of learningindividualized rate of learning• evaluation is based on evaluation is based on

individual goalsindividual goals• too simple for complex worldtoo simple for complex world

EXISTENTIALISMEXISTENTIALISM• Self-actualizationSelf-actualization• wide selection of wide selection of

alternativesalternatives• freedom of action freedom of action

encouraged by teacherencouraged by teacher

EXISTENTIALISMEXISTENTIALISM• teacher is a guideteacher is a guide• focus on self-realizationfocus on self-realization• evaluation is not importantevaluation is not important• lack of preparation for lack of preparation for

social lifesocial life