Define WEATHERING

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A natural process that causes rocks to change, breaks them

down, and causes them to crumble. Freezing and thawing,

oxygen in the air, and even plants and animals can affect the

stability of rock.

What types of things can cause mechanical

weathering?

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Wind

Rain

Ice

Plants

What is ICE WEDGING?

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A freezing and thawing cycle that breaks up rocks. When it rains or snow melts, water seeps

into cracks in rocks. If the temperature drops below freezing, ice crystals form. As the crystals grow, they take up more space than the water did because ice is less dense than water. This expansion exerts pressure on the rocks. With enough force, the rocks will crack further and

eventually break apart

Describe how chemical weathering differs in moist and dry climates?

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It is rapid in tropical regions where it's moist and warm most

of the time. Because desert areas have little rainfall and

polar regions have low temperatures, chemical

weathering occurs slowly in these areas

Describe the relationship between weathering and soil formation.

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Weathering breaks rock into smaller and smaller pieces, such as sand, silt, and clay. These smaller, loose pieces are called sediment. The terms sand,

silt, and clay are used to describe specific sizes of sediment. Sediment then changes gradually into soil. The formation of soil depends upon the

amount of weathering that occurs in a specific place.

Define mechanical weathering and describe its causes.

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Mechanical weathering occurs when rocks are broken apart by physical processes.

This means that the overall chemical makeup of the rock stays the same. Each fragment has characteristics similar to the original rock. Growing plants, burrowing

animals, and expanding ice are some of the things that can mechanically weather rock. These physical processes produce enough

force to break rocks into smaller pieces.

Define chemical weathering and describe its causes.

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Chemical weathering occurs when chemical reactions dissolve the

minerals in rocks or change them into different minerals. This type of weathering changes the chemical composition of the rock, which can

weaken the rock.