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To reduce vehicle accidents by giving all drivers the knowledge on how to correctly apply the techniques of defensive driving.

To develop and fully utilise visual search techniques.

To further develop drivers competence in safe vehicle operations.

To provide an understanding of the risks involved and the precautions to be taken.

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To increase driver awareness of HSE Standards in relation to driving.

To provide the attendee with the relevant understanding of driving requirements.

To help drivers assess traffic hazards and respond in a controlled manner.

To provide the attendee with the relevant driving skills to recognize and avoid potential and actual driving hazards.

Local traffic rules and regulations.

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HSE STANDARDS

COUNTRY DRIVING RULES

DRIVING OPERATIONS

JOURNEY MANAGEMENT

ACCIDENT REPORTING PROCEDURE

(FOR OTHERS)

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SKILLS, PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES OF

DEFENSIVE DRIVING

SUBSTANCE ABUSE

OVERTAKING

DAILY VEHICLE CHECKS

TYRE MANAGEMENT - SEAT BELTS

DRIVING ASSESSMENTS

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Defensive driving involves the ability to plan well ahead; predict the actions of other road users and compensate for their mistakes.

It also places a great deal of emphasis on the development of hazard awareness

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THE FOLLOWING BEHAVIOUR IS ALL TOO COMMON AMONG BAD DRIVERS:– Aggression towards other road users.– Reacting hostile to actions of others.– Selfish or rude behaviour.– Progress is what counts (be first to the next

red light?).– Safety margins being compromised.– Increased stress and fatigue.– Failure to project the required company

image.

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A GOODGOOD defensive driver attitude would be: To show consideration and courtesy to all

other road users. Not to react in a hostile way to the

inconsiderate actions of others. To remain composed in difficult situations. To make sensible progress on all classes

of roads. To leave yourself with proper safety

margins and time.

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Awareness.

Anticipation.

Good attitude.

Observation.

Patience.

Consideration.

Skilful use of vehicle controls.

Speed control.

CONCENTRATION.

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A GOOD PROFESSIONAL DEFENSIVE DRIVER WILL:-

– Observe

• Early observation gives time to react and room to manoeuvre.

– Anticipate

• Reduces reaction time and will increase safety margins.

– Plan ahead and base decisions on

• What you can see, can’t see and what might happen.

– Restrain yourself

• If in doubt, hold back. (Take your time - what is the rush?)

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A GOOD PROFESSIONAL DEFENSIVE DRIVER WILL :- (CONTINUED)

– Position the vehicle effectively

• To suit varying road and traffic conditions

– Drive with the correct speed of approach

• To allow time to assess and negotiate hazards

– Select the correct gear

• To suit varying road and traffic conditions

– Have a good knowledge of the traffic rules

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Speeding.“S” Pattern lane changes.Lack of anticipation.Lack / No - Vehicle Control.Weather and road conditions.Other drivers stupidity.

(Never ours?)Faulty vehicle.

And he

calls

himself a

driver

HA!

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DON’T GET STUCK DON’T GET STUCK WHEN OVERTAKINGWHEN OVERTAKING

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BEFORE OVERTAKING

a clear road ahead - nothing approaching you

DON’T TAILGATE! Stay well back from the vehicle in front to make it easier to see ahead - remember the 2 second rule

MIRROR - SIGNAL-MANOUEVRE! Check your mirrors first - pay attention to the traffic around you.

WATCH OUT! Don’t copy another vehicle overtaking. There might not be enough space for you to move back in.

a clear space to your left - no-one overtaking you

a safe gap ahead of the vehicle for you to move into

safe space - no hazards - road works, narrow road, hill, bridge

READ THE LINES! Never cross a solid white line to overtake - it means you are approaching a hazard.

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WHEN OVERTAKING move quickly past the

vehicle - be decisive

HE WHO HESITATES IS LOST! Other drivers may be waiting for you to complete the move.

Never do anything that will cause another driver to brake or take avoiding action

Stay back and check for hazards on the inside before you attempt this

get back in lane as soon as you can - but don’t cut in

only overtake on the left if the vehicle in front is signaling right and you have enough room to pass safely

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WATCH OUT FOR ... drop back so you can see the whole vehicle be sure their load is secure and there are

no ropes or poles sticking out give them extra space in windy conditions

stay away from the back wheels of bicycles and motorbikes

give them plenty of space don’t pull in too quickly after passing

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Never Overtake a vehicle stopped at a pedestrian crossing after a NO OVERTAKING sign (wait until you

pass a sign canceling the restriction) when you are not 100% safe, e.g. approaching

a corner or bend a bridge or hill a junction if you will cause conflict with other road users approaching road works (traffic cones are a good clue) near a school (never pass a school bus surrounded by

children) queuing traffic (you can’t know what they’re queuing for)

and finally … if the slower lane beside you is empty ...

move into it and let other vehicles pass you

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MIRRORS

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WHEN BEING OVERTAKEN

Keep a steady speed - don’t speed up and cause a problem for the driver passing you

Drop back and maintain the 2-second rule if they cut in suddenly - it’s your responsibility not to tailgate (even if they’re the rude ones)

If another driver makes a mistake - let them in - there’s no sense making the situation worse and putting everyone in danger

If another driver is in trouble - needs to suddenly get in front of you to avoid a collision - be gracious, slow down and let them in

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P.O.W.E.R

Petrol Oil Water Electrics Rubber

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Pressure

Wear

Tread

Dust Cap

Security of Wheel Nuts

Spare Wheel

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A high percentage of vehicle accidentsAll vehicles to have reversing lights

fitted. (Alarms where required)Where possible when reversing, get a

helper to direct you.Always check behind the vehicle before

reversing.Safe practice, vehicles should be

parked in such a way to allow immediate forward motion if required.

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ALCOHOL DRUGS MEDICATION FIT FOR DUTY WELL RESTED

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Stay in your Defensive Zone.

Anticipate the actions of other road users.

Follow at a safe distance.

Expect the unexpected.

Take nothing for granted.

Your life may depend on it.

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INFORMATIONTake, use and give

POSITION SPEED GEAR ACCELERATION

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What can you see ? What can`t you see ? What might happen if ? If in doubt, YIELD 100%YIELD 100% Escape - Defensive Zone.

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I’m in the “NO ZONE”

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THE

“NO ZONE”

LESS THAN 2 SECONDS AWAY FROM AN ACCIDENT!

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2 SECONDS - OK!!

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Time it takes for the average person to react to a hazard before we apply the foot brake.

AVERAGE PERSON TAKES 0.7 OF ONE SECOND TO REACT.

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This is the distance

it takes to actually

stop the vehicle

when you apply the

footbrake.

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SPEED THINKINGDISTANCE

BRAKINGDISTANCE

OVERALLSTOPPINGDISTANCE

30 KPH 6M 6M 12M

50 KPH 9M 14M 23M

80 KPH 16M 38M 54M

100 KPH 18M 55M 73M

120 KPH 24M 72M 96M

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Fight the wheel.

Attempt to follow the road.

Brake hard

ABS Brakes - Different Application.

Accelerate.

Panic.

DONT!

ALL OF THESE CAN LEAD TO THE ‘S’ PATTERN SKID

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DO! Grip the wheel firmly.

Take your foot off the accelerator.

Apply controlled braking.

ABS Brakes - Different Application.

Stop.

Check the vehicle/tyres.

Using the appropriate precautions select a safe route to return to the road

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DONT! Make sharp turns.

Accelerate or brake before you regain control of the vehicle.

ABS Brakes - Different Application

PANIC.

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DO!Grip the wheel firmly.

Turn the wheel in the direction you want the front of the vehicle to go.

Take your foot off the accelerator.

ABS Brakes - Different Application

Take your foot off the brake.

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Daily vehicle checks

Tuition / Assessmen

Remedial Action on driver

weakness

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Almost any driver you ask will say he is a defensive driver !!

The only good driver is a defensive driver.

MAKE SURE YOU’RE ONE.

PREPARED BY: RAJEEV.T(TYCO)