An Appropriate Technological Solution for Sewage Treatment -

Decentralized STPs

Workshop cum Training program on Promoting water use efficiency across urban water sector

Bangalore13th Dec 2013

WATER : What is the issue?• Economic growth : without

corresponding infrastructure

• Urbanization – Increasing density of population in

cities/towns – apartments/commercial buildings

– Expanding peripheral areas : Bangalore – new areas developing!

• Huge increase in water consumption Where is the water coming from ?– Rivers, Lakes, Ponds …..and now,

mainly Ground water!

WATER : Next issue!• Sources of water drying up

• A larger issue coming up –– Contamination of Water Sources

• The way we dispose off waste water is the biggest issue in water management!

Report Summary• Citizens’ Seventh Report on the State of India’s Environment,

“Excreta Matters: How urban India is soaking up water, polluting rivers and drowning in its own excreta” – by Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi

• Report released in May 2012 – covering 71 cities of India, research over 3 ½ years

• The report spells out a six-fold strategy for managing water and waste in its last chapter “The agenda for water to water”.

Source : http://www.indiawaterportal.org/post/26422

and http://cseindia.org/userfiles/excreta-matter.pdf

How big is the waste water problem?

• Total sewage water in Class I and II Cities India – 38254 MLD

– Only 11787 MLD (35%) Capacity to treat

– Actual treated – only around 8250 MLD (22 %)

• Current Scenario– Increase in demand and cost of water

– Stringent waste water disposal norms

– Increased contaminants from industries

– Urbanization leading to large Sewage generation

– Untreated sewage leading to severe water pollution - severely impacting ground water availability & quality.

What is “Decentralized” sewage treatment?

• Current system : sewage is the responsibility of the Government / public authorities

• But – how can public authorities manage :– Cost : widely spread out

“development”, apart from untenable economics

– Pipe connections – Land availability – for “centralized”

treatment plants

• On-site, Local Treatment –“Decentralized” STP Gives water back for reuse. (40% of all water requirement)

Recognize and manage Sewage

• Recognize and manage Sewage : 78 % officially not treated and let out into rivers, lakes, ground– Sewage generated = 38,255 mld– Capacity to treat = 11,788 mld (30%)– Sewage actually treated = 8,251 mld

(22%)

• Improper Sewage disposal - the dangers : Spread of disease, contamination of soil and pollution of ground water

• Quote from Report : “Sewage must be our obsession”

• Quote : “Mantra is Decentralization”

Why Decentralized ? Local benefits!

• On-site treatment and discharge – Reduces load on existing

sewage system

– Local treatment and discharge –protects contamination of water sources (rivers, water bodies, ground water)

• Domestic Water consumption : Over 30 % for flushing, washing facilities etc – NON CONTACT applications– Suitable for RECYCLED water

Urban reuse of water• Current cycle :

– Ground water -> Usage -> Sewer system -> Water bodies/environment disposal

UNSUSTAINABLE !

• Required cycle :– Less ground water -> Less usage -> TREATMENT-> Recycle for

non-potable applications -> Recharge of ground water / safe disposal in water bodies or environment

• Rain water harvesting – good start.However -> Sustainable water management : only thru Recycling of waste water

Average water consumption Per person

Drinking 5

Cooking 5

Total 10 7%

Bathing 55

Washing Clothes 20

Utensils washing 10

Total 85 63%

General washing 10

Toilet Flushing 30

Total 40 30%

Grand Total 135

Recyclable – about 40 % (including Gardening etc)

ONE IMMEDIATE SOLUTION

RECYCLE WATERAt least 40 % of Water usage in urban areas – flushing /

landscape maintenance / facilities washing

This 40 %+ water can be reclaimed and reused!

Leave behind good water for the generations to come

Enzotech Solutions : Credentials

• Started in 2006

• ISO 9001:2008 certified company

• Strong client roster – testimony to efficacy of Patented

technology.

• Over 150 Installations all over India. (A few in Africa)

• Starting Aug ’11, taken over by a team of seasoned

management professionals

• Full fledged operations : Design and R & D – Manufacturing

– After sales support

An illustrative Case Study –Office complex, Chennai

Office complex – reuse for flushing• Office on Velachery Road

• Around 300 people – daily consumption of around 12,000 Litres

• Used primarily for flushing toilets, washing hands etc.

• Entire water is now treated and reused for flushing

Office complex : progress

Final position – STP with recycling system

The Enzotech treatment process

Bar Screen

• To trap large objects

Sewage treatment

• Biological process

• Underground installation

Tertiary treatment

• Sand & Activated Carbon filter

• Ultra Filtration

• Ultra violet treatment – Online

Treated water

• Flushing of toilets

Water treatment and recycling in a hospital

Issues faced by hospital

• Sewage generated was clogging up sewage lines

• Water consumption of 4.5 Lac Litres per day

• Space available for the STP was right next to the car park

• Post STP installation :– Treated water used partly for flushing

– No issue of clogging sewage llines

Hospital installation

Right next to the car park…

EnzoMBBR system

A typical EnzoMBBR plant – with Fibre Reinforced Plastic (FRP) tanks

Thank you