SPECIAL REPORTS

DE85002660/XAB Opportunities for Energy Conservation Through Blotechnology Young, J. K. ; Griffin, E. A. ; Russell, J. A. Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland, WA. Sponsor: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. Report No.: PNL-5295 Nov 84 98p Languages: English The purpose of this study is to identify and quantify potential energy

savings available through the development and application of biotechnologles. This information is required in support of ECUT research planning efforts as an aid in identifying promising areas needing further consideration and development. It is also intended as background information for a companion ECUT study being conducted by the National Academy of Science to evaluate the use of bloprocesslng methods to conserve energy. Several studies have been conducted recently to assess the status and implications of the development of blotechnology. The Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) considered institutional, economic, and scientific problems and barriers. The National Science Foundation sponsored a study to examine regulatory needs for this new and expanding technology. Somewhat in contrast to these studies, this report covers principally the technical issues. It should be emphasized that the practicality of many developments in blotechnology is not evaluated solely on the basis of energy considerations. Bioprocesses must often compete with well-establlshed coal, petroleum, and natural gas technologies. A complete evaluation of the technical, economical, and ecological impacts of the large-scale applications discussed in this report is not possible within the scope of this study. Instead, this report assesses the potential of blotechnology to save energy so that research into all aspects of implementation will be stimulated for those industries with significant energy savings potential. 92 references, 6 figures, 24 tables. (ERA citation 10:002552)

DE85002377/XAB Pulp and Paper Industry Energy Impacts Through Implementation of

Blotechnologles

151

152 SPECIAL REPORTS

Griffin, E. A. Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland, WA. Sponsor: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. Report No.: PNL-SA-12401; CONF-8409153-2 Jun 84 5p TAPPI research and development conference, Appleton, WE, USA, 30 Sep

1984. Portions are illegible in microfiche products. Languages: English Document Type: Conference proceeding Biotechnology will affect the pulp and paper industry in many areas with

resultant energy savings. In the area of processing, blopulping and biobleachlng reduce the energy required to remove llgnin and reduce the need for bleaching chemicals. In pollution control, mlcrobially engineered waste systems can be used in removing sulfur from coal resulting in improved energy efficiency in waste treatment processes. In forest agriculture, cloning of superior trees, the use of microbial pesticides, genetically improved nitrogen-fixing fungi will reduce the need for pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers. 12 references, 4 tables. (ERA citation 10:002106)

PB85-10501/XAB Enzymatic Conversion of Cellulosic Materials to Sugars and Alcohol: The

Technology and Its Implications Klyosov, A. A. United Nations Industrial Development Organization, Vienna (Austria). Corp. Source Codes: 057483000 Report No.: UNIDO/IS.476; V-84-88343 12 Jul 84 72p Languages: English UNIDO pub on blotechnology for conversion of cellulose materials to

sugar and alcohol.

PB85-104438/XAB Application of Biotechnology in Developing Countries: The Case of

Mineral Leaching with Particular Reference to the ANDEAN Pact Copper Project

Warhurst, A. C. United Nations Industrial Development Organization, Vienna (Austria). Sponsor: Sussex Univ., Brighton (England). Science Policy Research Unit. Report No.: UNID0/IS.450; V-84-82989 7 Mar 84 175p Prepared in cooperation with Sussex Univ., Brighton (England). Science

Policy Research Unit. Languages: English UNIDO pub. Expert report on application of biotechnology in developing

countries, with special reference to bacterial leaching of copper ores in an Andean Group project - covers (i) requirements fundamental to the implementation of an efficient bacterial leaching project: technical and economic aspects (2) a relevant project in Latin America, with attention to choice of technology and improvement of knowhow (3) suggestions for policy at the project level. Recommendations, diagrams, flow chart, bibliography. Additional references: mining, mineral resources, ore processing, microorganisms, regional cooperation, research, technology transfer.