Design orientedresearch and studyy

Prof.dr.ir. Taeke M. de JongDelft, 2012-11-12

TUD

E i i l hEmpirical researchto find truth or probability

• problem statement (problem isolation)• clear aim• references

t ti i t• starting points• hypothesis

variables• variables• data• method• method• content• publishpublish

Diminishing returnsDiminishing returns

Consequently, the costs of a unit of progress increase

The remaining unique, context-sensitive cases cannot besensitive cases cannot be

generalisedgeneralised

Applying statistics on heterogeneous t i dsets is dangerous

Design studies the possibilities ofDesign studies the possibilities of unique, context sensitive casesq ,

D i t dDesign studyto find improbable possibilities

D i t dDesign studyto find improbable possibilities

• Research produces probabilities by causesD i d ibiliti b diti• Design produces possibilities by conditions

To be able to want and to knowTo be able, to want and to knowModes

You design

Fields of many

Y k thto be solved

You know the

t b hi dYou want

by design

to be achievedfutures

Field of problems and aims• Problems: probable, but not desirable futures

Ai d i bl b t t b bl f t• Aims: desirable, but not probable futures

Design studyDesign studyi h bj• starts without an object

• in a managerial, cultural, economic, technical, ecological and spatial context, its stakeholders and specialistsp , p

• can not isolate problems from this coherent field of problems• can not isolate a clear target from this coherent field of aims• has images as references: forms, types, models, concepts• has no other starting point than this context• has no other hypothesis than a design concept as a possibility• has no other hypothesis than a design concept as a possibility• has a content increasing by drawing, calculating and writing• publishes with the medium as a messagep g

• has many ways to study (a book with 10 000 key words)

Ways to studyWays to study

Ways to Study and Researchy yurban, architectural and technical design

CONTENTSIntroductionA Naming and describing Empirical researchA. Naming and describingB. Design research and typologyC. EvaluatingD Modeling

Empirical research

D. ModelingE. Programming and optimizingF. Technical StudyG Design StudyG. Design StudyH. Study by designEpilogue

Study by design

determined variable OBJECTdetermined Design research Design study

i bl T l i l h St d b d ivariable Typological research Study by designCONTEXT

Context analysis firstContext analysis first

FutureImpact04.exe

An explicit future context

• protects your study against judgements with other suppositions about the future context

• raises the debate about the robustness of your study in y ydifferent future contexts

• makes your study comparable to other studies inmakes your study comparable to other studies in comparable contexts

• raises a ‘field of problems’ instead of an isolated ‘problem• raises a field of problems instead of an isolated problem statement’ by subtracting desirable futures from the probable onesp

Explicit impacts within that context• indicate actors and specialists to join the team or take

into accounti l i t l d l l f i ti• imply a societal and personal relevance or fascination

• imply a field of aimsi l t illi t fi t d• imply actors willing to finance your study

• could produce a programme of requirementsb f h i d l !• before you have a precise study proposal !

Variables of designVariables of design

0 yearR = 1m

1 yearR = 3m

3 yearsR = 10m

5 yearsR = 30m

7 years 9 years 11 years 137 yearsR = 100m

9 yearsR = 300m

11 yearsR = 1000m

13 yearsR = 3000m

Design variables R=1m (0 3 3m)Design variables R=1m (0.3-3m)

Design variables R=3m (1 10m)Design variables R=3m (1-10m)

Design variables R=10m (3 30m)Design variables R=10m (3-30m)

Design variables R=30m (10 100m)Design variables R=30m (10-100m)

Design variables R=100m (30 300m)Design variables R=100m (30-300m)

Design variables R=300m (0 1 1km)Design variables R=300m (0.1-1km)

Form is dispersion in spaceForm is dispersion in space

Variables dispersed in spaceVariables dispersed in space

Spotmap The HagueSpotmap The Hague

Spotmap Almere 10x10kmSpotmap Almere 10x10km

How to limitate concentrateHow to limitate, concentratei t f i ti ( ti t d t ti )• give way to fascinations (motivated concentrations)

• choose a scale (frame and grain) before an object• publish your portfolio evaluating it as field of abilities• publish your portfolio evaluating it as field of abilities• decide to improve or to extend them in your proposal• publish images that fascinate you as a field of means• publish images that fascinate you as a field of means• look at them as a professional: which concepts, types,

models programmes could you harvest?p g y• make your assumptions about the future explicit• imagine the impacts your study could have• cash your dreams