DCN286 INTRODUCTION TO DATA

COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

Network Basics Introduction

Instructor: Ataur RahmanAtaur.Rahman@senecac.on.ca

What we know already…or should

An IP address is 32 bits long – 4 separate bytes An IP Address is represented in dotted-decimal notationEach byte represents a decimal number separated by a periodExample: 10.100.30.4 or (010.100.030.004)Each byte has a total of 256 values – 0-255

IP address1. Traditionally, the IP address was classified in classes:

Class A: network 1 – 126 (Network 127 is reserved for loopback and internal testing)

Class B: network 128 – 191

Class C: network 192 – 223

Class D: network 224 - 239 (Reserved for multicast)

Class E: network 240 – 255(Reserved for Experimental, used for research)

2. There are public IP address used in Internet and private IP address used in company/organization internal networks.

Class A: 10.0.0.0 -10.255.255.255

Class B: 172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255

Class C: 192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255

IP Address Continued-There are three (3) usable IP address classes - A, B and C

The first byte identifies the class – “Classification”Class Example Networks Hosts

A - 1 to 126 24.0.0.0 127 16,777,214

B- 128 to191 150.18.0.0 16,384 65,534

C- 192 to 223 198.23.210. 0 2,097,152 254

D – 224-239 224.0.0.10 Multicast

E – 240-255 DoD Reserved

Subnet MaskSubnet mask is to divide IP address into two sections:

network ID and host ID.Say the IP address is 192.168.4.64 with subnet mask

255.255.255.0Translate all decimal into binary:IP address would be

11000000.100101000.00000100.01000000Subnet mask would be11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000Final result:Network id: 11000000.100101000.00000100 which

equals to 192.168.4Host id: 01000000 meaning 64

What we know already…or maybe not

10.1.0.255 190.16.221.0172.16.0.255 128.255.1.25510.0.255.0

Question: How many of these addresses are valid IP Number for a Host ?

Correct Response? ------ How do you know?---

Practice: Classification – What Class?

A 10.1.0.200 B 190.16.21.10

C 192.16.2.210

B 128.215.3.199

A 126.7.10.40

Nice Work!!!!

Practice: Class Boundary- Draw the line

Network | Host Network | Host A 10.|1.0.200 B190.16.|21.10

Network | Host

C 192.16.2. | 210

What is the Network address of 172.16.132.70/20?

Class B table# of bit borrowed Subnet Mask # of Usable

Subnets

# of available Hosts

.11000000.00000000 255.255.192.0 4 16,382

.11100000.00000000255.255.224.0 8 8,190

.11110000.00000000255.255.240.0 16 4,094