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Form Ref:HSI-06a

Independent Health & Safety Inspection Raising the Bar Requirements

Version: 3.1Jan 20

RtB 1 - Plant and Equipment – Feb19

Refer to RTB 1 for detailed requirements: RtB 1 ; Plant & Equipment Feb 19

Minimum Requirements – Plant General Pre-use inspection records 12 month Thorough Examination Forward tipping dumpers to have VCAS Roll Over Protective Structure (ROPS) – as appropriate Falling Objects Protective Structure (FOPS) – as appropriate Seat Belts fitted and worn Mirrors / CCTV to satisfy 1m visibility Flashing Beacon Brake Testing Reversing Alarm audible at 10m Plant Specific requirements as listed in main RtB 1 document All earthmoving plant to be 3D Machine Control (3DMC) enabled.

Minimum Requirements – Operator General Pre-use inspection CPCS card Cat B car licence for road use Seat belt worn Engine off and keys removed when unattended Full PPE if outside cab

Exemplar Items Implementation of 2/3 of desirable items listed in specific section of RtB 1 New initiatives and innovations

RtB 2 - Traffic Management Entry and Exit – July 14

Minimum Requirements Correct PPE for site Clean vehicle fitted with:

Twin flashing beacon HIGHWAY MAINTENANCE sticker Red and yellow micro prismatic reflective

markings on rear (Chevrons) Reflective strip on sides if colour of

vehicle not conspicuous (White/Yellow) Red retro-reflective tape applied to rear facing edges of opening doors etc.

Brief drivers on the following: Site access and egress points Access and egress procedures Speed limits Ongoing works Potential Hazards Hard shoulder stop procedure (max 15 minutes)

Exemplar Items New initiatives and innovations

RtB 3 – Plant Person Interface – Jan 15

Minimum Requirements Plan to reduce Plant Person Interface by:

Designing traffic routes to be one-way Reducing need for reversing Using BIM during design stage to ensure plant will fit Removing Human Interface (GPS, remote controlled plant, quick hitches)

Organise workplace so pedestrians and plant can manoeuver safely (segregate) incl: Routes from Car Parks to Offices

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https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/798330/RtB_1_Plant_and_Equipment_Apr_19.pdf

Form Ref:HSI-06a


Version: 3.1Jan 20

Routes to Welfare facilities Access into Excavations Access to Structures Routes within Buildings and across Structures Routes across Yards, Storage, and other work areas

Pedestrian Routes shall be: Separated from construction plant routes by barriers Clearly signed Adequately lit Minimum 1m wide As direct as possible Set out to provide good visibility (good sight lines) Separate from reversing areas Maintained in good condition Pedestrian instructed to use them Consider wearing hi-viz PPE even if not in construction area Crossing points clearly signed and identifiable Traffic lights for busy crossing points

Where not practical to establish permanent pedestrian routes, control and plan work areas and agree safe pedestrian access points and passage past work areas

Vehicle Routes shall be: Designed to be one way to minimise reversing Clearly signed with hazard warnings, speed limits and road makings Of suitable size / width / gradient (no more than 1:10) Single track haul roads - 1.5 x width of largest vehicle with passing bays Two way haul roads - 3 x width of largest vehicle Accommodate public vehicles when on public highway Suitable distance from excavations Clear of hazards such as scaffolding, refuelling stations and LPG stores Maintained in good condition with hazards highlighted

Vehicles / Plant assessed for all round visibility (1m rule) Visibility aids (Mirrors / Cameras) Control Risk zones and communicate (Red Zone Training) Physically segregate risk zones by barriers Use of proximity warning systems


RtB 4 - Temporary Vehicle Restraint Systems (TVRS) – Oct 16

Minimum Requirements Safety Risk Assessment in accordance with GD04/12 Temporary Barriers for work greater than 28 days Road Restraint Risk Assessment Process (RRRAP) applied Site specific assessment to consider the following:

Protection of Bridge supports etc. in accordance with TD19 & RRRAP Imposed speed restrictions within works Road / Site Layout, Geometry, Topography, Sight Lines Duration of works and cost benefit of using TVRS Presence of existing permanent VRS throughout project timeline Risk to workforce or road users from vehicles entering works Risk of vehicles entering verge and striking bridge soffit or O/H hazard Effect of vehicle breakdown / Access for Emergency Services Effect of barrier on carriageway drainage The load of the barrier on surface Traffic movements on approach to barrier Access for pedestrians, cyclists, non-motorised users Safe location of access and egress points (incl. emergency)

Installed by competent personnel in accordance with manufacturers requirements and comply with National Highway Sector Scheme 2B

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Form Ref:HSI-06a


Version: 3.1Jan 20

Reflectors on roads with no lighting or prone to inclement weather Barriers along edge of excavations within works opposite access gaps Assessment of soft verges Communication of safety zones to workforce Use of End Treatments / Transitions / Crash Cushions Compliance with TD19/06 and IAN 142/11 – Temporary Barrier Decision Tool Minimise gaps in TVRS Highways England List of EN1317 - Compliant Road Restraint Systems Chevrons / Reflectors to ramped ends TVRS inspected in accordance with PUWER 1998 and records kept


RtB 5 - Behavioural Based Safety – Oct 15

Minimum Requirements Inductions opened by senior member of project team Supervisor’s to undergo assessment for role Appointment of a Behavioural Based Safety Champion Highways England personal commitments cards given out Behavioural Based Safety training given to workforce Senior Management commitment to safety tours Root cause (including Human Factors) assessment for incidents Senior Management visibility on site Monthly SHE meetings Positive Intervention / Near Miss reporting and feedback Incentives for good behaviours H&S - first on every agenda Directors attend close–out meetings for RIDORS and High Potential incidents Health Surveillance for Safety Critical Workers Refusal to work / empowered to stop and whistle blowing policy implemented Behavioural Based Safety implementation and maintenance plan in place Plan for safety at forefront of Design Review Meetings Visual Standards displayed My Space ownership of work areas adopted Leadership monitored through engagement / climate surveys Behavioural target for direct employees Quarterly stand down led by Senior Managers Leadership training for Senior Managers Start of Shift Briefings carried out Persuasive risk communication (see RtB 10) Workforce representatives identifiable

Monthly reporting available to workforce Training and Competency matrix established Roles and Responsibilities matrix established In house trainers to deliver Behavioural Based

Safety message Behavioural Based Safety training for front line Supervisors Behavioural Based Safety Champion / Coach and team on site Culture Surveys completed twice a year Lessons Learnt shared between suppliers Use of Highways England Safety Wheel


RtB 6 – Caravan / Temporary Sleeping Accommodation – Sept 14

Minimum RequirementsSite requirements: No caravan or combustible structure within 3m of site boundary Minimum 6m spacing between caravans Minimum 2m from car park or road Hedges between caravans maximum 1m high Segregated from construction site by min 1.8m high fence Maximum of 50 caravans per hectare Caravans protected from impact by vehicles Access for emergency vehicles Roads maintained in good condition Cable overhangs to meet statutory requirements Footpaths from roads to caravans Lighting of communal roads and footpaths Caravans sat on concrete base or hard-standing Common areas maintained No materials stored under caravans Preference given to bulk gas storage Electrical installation designed, installed, tested and maintained to current legislation Water supply in accordance with current legislation All works carried out by Competent Person Surface water drainage provided Foul and waste water drainage in accordance with current legislation Communal refuge bins provided Suitable parking provided Emergency contact details displayed Current plan of site displayed at entrance Fire Risk Assessment carried out Fire Points a maximum of 30m from all caravans Suitable method of raising the alarm Fire-fighting equipment installed, tested and maintained by Competent Person

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Form Ref:HSI-06a


Version: 3.1Jan 20

Fire Notice and Fire Assembly point provided Consideration to First Aid arrangements Route to nearest hospital displayedEach unit shall have: Electrical and Gas test certificate Residual Current Device PAT testing on appliances Smoke and Carbon monoxide alarms fitted Fire Blanket and Extinguisher 12 monthly inspection by Principal Contractor


RtB 7 - Overhead Structure and Service Protection – May 15

Minimum Requirements Risk Assess all overhead structures / services to establish controls and consider the

following: Obtain ‘GS6 Safe Clearance Assessment Report’ from Service Provider,

including minimum ‘Air Gaps’ Modification of plant to prevent being able to reach obstruction Supervision of work to ensure restrictions observed Diversion and isolation of services Visibility of obstruction

Adopt hierarchy to avoid working under / adjacent to overhead obstructions Adopt sufficient system of controls where not possible, including:

Surveying heights and establish minimum ‘Air Gaps’ Adopt Permit to Pass and Permit to Work systems Adopt single ‘Maximum Passing Height’ beneath all hazards on scheme

Install as many as possible of the following controls: Goal Posts in accordance with GS6 (Hangman’s crook no longer suitable) 750mm high Blue Cones for 18m either side of obstruction and at 3m centres

(Goal posts and cones should not be in safety zones) Marker sleeves can be used on temporary restraint barriers in lieu of cones Warning signs giving maximum travelling height Physical restrictors on booms and jibs Warning device to inform driver when boom, body, accessory is not stowed Display maximum travelling height in cab if over 3m Use of Temporary Vehicle Restraint System barriers where width restrictions Protection width to be extended if extra lanes are being worked on Daily inspection of protection systems Devices for measuring height of vehicles Permit to work system for work in close proximity to obstructions

Exemplar Items Use of steady lamps at night A lamp on first blue cone and then every 6m White sleeves with ‘Caution Overhead Structure’ for overhead structures Yellow sleeves with ‘Danger Overhead Cables’ for overhead services Connecting the blue cones with blue and white chain / rope Marking OH cable on carriageway using white lining techniques Install yellow coloured speed ramps Display heights in both metric and imperial Use of rigid goal posts made of insulated material Illuminate high level bunting Electronic and visual warning systems (paint structure) New initiatives and innovations

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Form Ref:HSI-06a


Version: 3.1Jan 20

RtB 8 - Manual Handling – Nov 16

Minimum Requirements Design works to avoid the need for Manual Handling (e.g. precast units off site and

modular construction) Mechanise handling where possible (e.g. mechanical kerb and cover lifters, sack

trucks) and where not, communicate reason in Construction Phase Plan Plan works to take into account allocation of resources and equipment to be used Provide employees information on weight, centre of gravity etc. Provide employees with appropriate training on safe lifting techniques Storage of equipment considered in Transport and Logistics Plan to minimise manual

handling (RtB 20) Where Manual Handling cannot be avoided:

Prepare suitable and sufficient Risk Assessment adopting the ERIC process (Eliminate, Reduce, Isolate, Control)

Follow the TILE process when undertaking Manual Handling Assessments (Task, Individual, Load, Environment)

Specify suitable gloves (colour coded to their performance) Weight marked on object, in RAMS, or labelled at point of loading Traffic light coding on objects to indicate what can be manually handled Provide theoretical and practical training specific to the task / project Encourage Positive Intervention and Near Miss Reporting of poor Manual

Handling Other points to be considered within Risk Assessment are:

Always use mechanical means where possible Use sufficient number of people to lift the load Break down the load into smaller loads Toolbox Talks to be given Arrange work to avoid bending, twisting, or over reaching Ensure access routes are clear Protect or remove sharp edges Reduce repetitive lifting Ensure proper storage on firm level base with heaviest loads stored in the

knee to shoulder range Ensure good grip provided, where possible by use of carrying devices, handles

or handholds Site Management to have Manual Handling Training


RtB 9 – Underground Service Avoidance – Jun 18

Minimum Requirements Risk Assessment and Planning:

Follow Hierarchy of Control and eliminate excavation where possible Meet with Statutory Undertakers and obtain current service drawings Undertake a site walk through to look for signs of services:

Items that may have power to them (e.g. street lamps or gantries)

Scarring or depressions in the surface

Manhole covers and frames CAT scan by trained person and hand dig trial holes with insulated tools Use of Vacuum Excavation and Air Picks Provide training in service type identification, including colour convention Mark actual services locations on the ground using standard colour convention Ensure Emergency Arrangements in place, incl. Contacts, Actions, First Aid Only non-conductive setting out pins may be used, conductive pins are banned CAT must always be used with genny CAT must have GPS and datalogging CAT must be calibrated by authorised dealer CAT must be tested before use Incidents must be investigated and recorded using USAG form All people involved in locating services to be trained in requirements of HSG

47. Permits to Dig / Break Ground:

Colour code Permits for hand dig only or if machine dig allowed Attach Drawings and stop if anything changes Issued by Competent Personnel, including; Permit Raiser, Permit Authoriser,

Responsible Person Permit Raiser must:

Review service drawings Check the location Open chambers and manhole covers to verify routes Look for evidence of services (see above) CAT scan and mark services on ground Get the Permit authorised Communicate Permit to Responsible Person Close Permit on completion

Permit Authoriser must check: Services are clearly identified Control measures can be implemented Drawings are clear and concise Permit Raiser had adequate time to raise Permit Responsible Person clearly identified

Responsible Person must: Ensure control measures are met Supervise the operation throughout Stop if encounter anything unexpected Check hand digging carried out correctly Ensure personnel familiar with contents of permit Ensure instruction and supervision provided Ensure adequate inspections are carried out

Exemplar Items Use of Ground Probing Radar to plot services New initiatives and innovations

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Form Ref:HSI-06a


Version: 3.1Jan 20

RtB 10 - Communication of Risk – Mar 13 Minimum Requirements

Engagement with Operatives, Supervisors, and H&S Team during Risk Assessments Briefings to communicate risks, including the following:

Inductions for generic risks and risk control briefings Daily Point of Work Risk Assessments / Start of Shift Briefings Weekly Toolbox Talks on relevant topics, incl. incidents and lessons learnt Monthly Safety Meetings with supply chain

H&S Competency required for those communicating risk controls: CITB SSSTS – Site Supervisors Safety Training Scheme (2 day) FPS – Federation of Piling Specialists (2 day) IOSH – Managing Safely (4 day)

Useful communication tools: Visual aids such as pictures and diagrams in safe systems of work Minimum Visual Standard posters Highways England Raising the Bar documents Site information / Hazard Boards

Monitor effectivenessExemplar Items

Workforce and Supervisors to attend weekly safety workshops Presentation, communication, and influencing / negotiating training Creating flowcharts for procedure Computer modelling (BIM) Interactive whiteboards and televisions Physical props like display boards and scale models Key Cards for Supervisors showing injuries Quick Response (QR) codes used in conjunction with smart phones and pads Text Alerts to staff Hazard Boxes on design drawings to highlight residual risks New initiatives and innovations

RtB 11 -Influencing Driver Behaviour at Roadworks – June 13 Minimum Requirements

Driver information programmes that can be used: ‘Respect our road worker’ campaign - 2 short films & 4 radio commercials A1+ radio campaign for HGV drivers available through RoWSaF Engagement with local businesses (bus/coach/taxi and distribution companies) Promotional events in schools, colleges, youth centres etc. Roadside signs (Portable VMS) indicating journey times / speed limits Vehicle Activated Signs (VAS) with ‘Slow Down’ text Reduce number and size of site access points, consider location, and add

taper cones CCTV and Average Speed Cameras


RtB 12 -Occupational Health – Apr 17

Minimum Requirements Provision for Occupational Health services & advice Clear management structure for Occupational Health Systematic approach to Risk Assessment for all tasks with potential health risks Proactive Health Culture including:

Management / Leadership Enforcement of health procedures Safety awareness talks Information hand-outs Promotional campaigns Advice and assistance from SHE professionals Employee participation in promotion of health culture

Pre-construction Planning in the Construction Phase Plan for: Occupational Health management and controls Identification and management of significant hazardous operations Providing COSHH information Emergency procedures Risk Assessments to eliminate / reduce potential health problems (HAVS) Proposed safe working methods resulting from Risk Assessments Health information for inclusion in induction and training Welfare and medical provision Workforce consultation

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Form Ref:HSI-06a


Version: 3.1Jan 20

PPE specific to health hazards Auditing arrangements

Project Health Management Systems to cover: Identifying health objectives and reviewing progress Planning, implementing and auditing health activities and standards Performance measurement and reporting

Occupational Health Provision to cover: Managing sickness absence / rehabilitation programmes Awareness of general health issues to influence life choices Implementing health surveillance programmes DSE advice and guidance General Occupational Health advice and guidance Training on health topics Routine Health Surveillance based on Risk Assessment Health education / promotion Musculoskeletal disorders Health assessment needs and stress

Standard risk to be considered include: Noise and induced Hearing Loss Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS) and Whole Body Vibration (WBV) Leptospirosis (Weil’s disease) Dermatitis Silicosis Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Occupational Asthma Asbestosis, Lead Legionnaires Disease Hepatitis A & B, HIV and AIDS

Pre-placement Employment Assessment Safety Critical Worker (SCW) / Fit for Work Medical required for:

Any person working within 5m of live traffic without a fixed barrier Any person working within TTM in high speed environment (50MPH) Mobile Plant Operators Asbestos Licensed Workers Tunnellers / Confined Space Workers Workers at height where collective protection not provided Banksman / Traffic Marshals / Slinger SignallersNote: A fully inducted person who is ‘Fit for Work’ can accompany 2 visitors

Medical frequency: Under 54 – Every 3 years 55-65 – Every 2 years Over 65 – Annual Referral process in place where conditions identified at medical Functional assessments in place when further investigation required e.g.

Respiratory, hearing, eyesight, colour blindness, weight over 100kg Levels of Fitness:

Fit Fit with reasonable adjustment Fit with specific restrictions to carry out tasks Unfit (subject to application of DDA regulations)

Substance misuse (Drug and Alcohol) testing required:

Pre-start For cause following incident Random (at least 5% of persons on project

per year) Pre-start indicative testing should test for the following as a minimum: 1.

Cocaine 2. Tetrahydricannibinol (i.e. Cannabis) 3. Methaphetamine (stimulant related to amphetamines) 4. Methadone 5. Opiates 6. Amphetamines

For cause or random testing should test for the following as a minimum: 1. Amphetamines 2. Cocaine 3. Benzodiazepines 4. Cannabis 5. Opiates 6. Barbiturates 7. Methadone 8. Phencyclidine 9. Propoxyphe

Alcohol Permitted alcohol limits are a maximum of 13 Breath (BrAC) micrograms/100ml, it should be noted that this is less than the drink drive limit (currently 35 (BrAC) micrograms/100ml in England and Wales and 22(BrAC) micrograms/100ml in Scotland).

Advice to be offered to help Employees with Drug or Alcohol dependency Occupational Health Campaigns such as:

Skin disease (Dermatitis) Noise induced hearing loss Respiratory disease Hand Arm / Whole Body Vibration Manual Handling and Repetitive Strain injuries Fatigue

Record, Monitor and Reviewing Occupational Health statistics

Exemplar Items Mental Health and Wellbeing monitoring including Stress Managing working time incl: Working hours, travelling time & rest time between shifts Provision of full time Occupational Health Nurse Use of Constructing Better Health National Database and card schemes Employee support scheme / counselling Self-assessment medical equipment Provision of flu jabs Provide Welfare within 10 minute walk or 5 minute drive Subsidised local gym membership Use of in case of emergency (ICE) helmet tags New initiatives and innovations

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Form Ref:HSI-06a


Version: 3.1Jan 20

RtB 13 - Excavations Protection, Access and Egress – June 13

Minimum Requirements Risk Assessment to consider alternative options such as directional drilling Protection of people to prevent:

Collapse of excavations Falling equipment or materials burying or trapping them Them falling into an excavation

Controls include: Sheet Piles and Trench Boxes Edge protection, including Temporary Barriers and Stop Blocks Ensuring adequate distance from adjacent structures Plant and material kept away from edge Safe access / egress with ladders and stair towers Use of remote control equipment to avoid need to enter excavation Inspection regimes by trained inspectors:

At start of shift After event likely to affect stability After material unintentionally dislodged Inspection tags should be considered to record inspections

Exemplar Items - New initiatives and innovations

RtB 14 – Slip; Trip; Fall – Nov 15

Minimum Requirements Plan the work to design out hazards and consider:

Access routes to, from, and around site in good condition Distance between welfare and work area Cleaning and maintenance regimes, incl. Winter maintenance Sub-contractor Housekeeping requirements in contracts and enforced Regular waste collection Waste and Storage areas clear of walkways and work areas

Organise the work area to eliminate hazards and consider: Adopting ‘5S’ approach of Sort, Simplify, Sweep, Standardise and Sustain Discourage people taking shortcuts over grass or unmade ground Fit canopies or install absorbent matting at entrance to buildings Clearly demarcate walkways

Control measures to reduce the hazard include:

Raising awareness through Daily Briefings and Consultation

Adopt a Don’t Walk By mentality Toolbox Talks and posters Use of suitable footwear and boot cleaning

stations Remain vigilant and don’t be distracted when walking (mobile phone) Keep work areas flat and level and free from contamination, spillages Control changes in level using steps and stairs Maintain good housekeeping and adopt ‘My Space’ ownership Use of portable walkways and matting Provide adequate lighting to highlight hazards Provide helmet lights or torches Remove leaves and overgrown vegetation Monitor weather and treat surfaces to prevent ice When using plant and vehicles:

Park them in well-lit areas where ground conditions are good Use steps / handrails in accordance with manufacturers instruction Ensure steps / handrails are inspected and maintained

Encourage reporting of Slips, Trips and Falls Monitor and Review approach in light of any changes or incidents

Exemplar Items - New initiatives and innovations

RtB 15 - Task Lighting – Aug 13

Minimum Requirements Choice of lighting should form part of the Risk Assessment process Considerations:

What is being illuminated – size of area and ground conditions What is the activity - access, general work, intricate work What power source is available - self-contained, generator, fuel needed Environmental considerations – are noise and light levels an issue Is the area well ventilated – Confined Space Is shadowing and glare an issue - adjacent traffic

Follow HSE guidance on lighting levels in HSG 38 – Lighting at Work Factors that need to be considered when choosing type of light source:

Weight of units for Manual Handling Noise of units and fuelling requirements Is there any traffic affected by over spilling light Wind condition


RtB 16 - Working at Height – Sept 13

Minimum Requirements A Risk Assessment needs to evidence that the following has been considered:

Eliminate or minimise risks from working at height Safe systems of work for organising and performing work at height Safe systems for selecting suitable work equipment to perform work at height

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Form Ref:HSI-06a


Version: 3.1Jan 20

Safe systems for protecting people from the consequences of work at height Use the following Hierarchy of Control:

Avoid work at height Prevent falls by means of work equipment Minimise the distance and consequence of a fall Give collective measures preference over personal protective measures

Examples of avoiding work at height: Long handled tools and equipment Pre-slinging pallets on deliveries Prefabricate / assemble structures at low level

Collective Protection: Guardrails:

Guardrails strong enough to resist loads and secured to a suitable structure Temporary Guardrail 950mm high, Permanent Guardrails 1000mm high Intermediate Guardrails so unprotected gaps do not exceed 470mm Toe boards 150mm high Other barriers can be used so long as they provide equivalent protection

Fixed Scaffolds: Designed, erected and altered by CISRS trained Scaffolder Suitable access to install to be considered at design stage Based on firm, level foundation and adequately braced and tied Fully boarded and wide enough for the work and access Tower staircase access to all working platforms and openings fitted with gates Checks made before use, after alteration, and when affected by weather Scaffolders to work to NASC latest guidance SG4:10 and adopt fall prevention

measures during erection and dismantling Tagged with person who erected it, latest inspection dates, and design loading

Netting: Fitted in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions and regularly inspected

Air Mats: For falls less than 2m and regularly inspected

MEWPS: Planned and operated by Competent Person Appropriate fall protection to be worn Thorough Examination every 6 months Safe Working Load clearly marked Controls protected to prevent inadvertent operation, with cut off device Ground Man to use emergency controls (lone working prohibited) Persons not to leave elevated basket, nor materials to be transferred unless

Risk Assessed

Mobile Access Towers: Erected, altered and dismantled by Competent Person Inspected by Competent Person:

After assembly in position Event likely to affect stability Max 7 day intervals Tagged with person who erected it, latest inspection dates and

register kept Wheels and outriggers locked and safe means of access to platform

Proper edge protection provided (guardrails and toe boards)

Tied to structure it is serving if: Sheeted or exposed to strong

winds Used for water jetting Heavy materials are lifted up the outside Tower base too small to ensure stability for height

Ladders and Steps: Use subject to Risk Assessment appropriate to risk involved Only used as place of work when other safer means not reasonably practical Only used as access when staircase not reasonably practical Register maintained detailing inspection records Only used as workplace when work only requires one hand, can be reached

without stretching, can be fixed to prevent slipping, good handhold available Suitable for job and not damaged

Set at angle of 1:4, against solid surface, suitably founded, fixed at top or footed, extended 1m past landing place and with landings provided if over 9m

Man Riding: Equipment specifically designed for purpose On cranes only if no safer means and for short duration Not permitted on excavators Lift Plan required Forklifts or Telehandlers only used in exceptional circumstances Arrangements for rescue in place

Delivery Vehicles: The use of loading bays or docks to be considered Edge protection to be provided to open sided vehicles Safe access / egress to back of vehicle

Individual Protection: Harnesses:

Use full body harness, suitably anchored with energy absorber Training provided and pre-use inspections completed Rescue procedures considered


RtB 17 - Plant & Vehicle Marshalls – Oct 13 Minimum Requirements

Plan: Prepare a Logistics and Traffic Management Plan to: Eliminate the need for Plant & Vehicle Marshal (PVM) where possible Show pedestrian and crossing points Provide means of separating people and plant Eliminate the need for people to be within the immediate proximity of plant Show routes on sketches and drawings Brief to all stakeholders and give copy to PVMs

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Form Ref:HSI-06a


Version: 3.1Jan 20

Update it regularly to reflect temporary arrangements Display emergency routes and facilities Be displayed prominently at relevant locations Consider the use of aids on plant such as:

Plant with 360 all-round visibility mirrors CCTV Vehicle Collision Avoidance systems (VCAS) Personal proximity warning devices Exclusion and controlled access zones around plant

Organise: Brief the Plan, RAMS, adjacent activities, pedestrian and vehicle routes Give attention to adverse environmental conditions Provide a safe place for PVM Ensure PVM is trained and aware of his duties

Control and Monitor: Monitor during activity involving the PVM Monitor the Plan and communicate changes to those involved incl. PVM

PVM Competency: Good communication skills Ability to use hand signals Ability to direct plant and vehicle movements safely Understand where to be safely positioned Ability to recognise hazards of working around plant and vehicles Knowledge of the work area Trained and competent with 3 years construction experience

PVM Appointment and Role: Should be formally appointed To assist plant and vehicle drivers to manoeuvre safely To prevent pedestrians putting themselves at risk To direct plant to prevent injury to people and damage to property To stop work if deemed unsafe To position themselves in a place of safety To maintain eye contact with driver and give clear concise instruction


RtB 18 – Control of Dust – Oct 16 Minimum RequirementsPlan:

Design out operations that could create dust Look for ways to reduce dust before commencing works Use right sized materials to minimise cutting Use different method of work altogether Use dust extraction systems Minimise material handling and drop heights Regularly inspect storage handling facilities for dry, fine materials Observe speed limits to reduce dust Restrict general site traffic to watered or treated routes Vegetate or seal completed earthworks as soon as practicable

Organise: Organise work areas to eliminate existing hazards Bulk cement or bentonite to be delivered by tanker and stored in silos Enclose or shield equipment likely to generate dust Use less powerful tools Handling areas to be maintained to reduce dust emissions Paved haul roads to be kept cleaned of mud and dusty materials Use screens and enclosures with suitable ventilation Concrete crushers and screeners to have water suppression Train workforce in dangers of dust exposure and emissions

Control: Use water suppression, damping down, water sprays Use vacuum excavation Use windbreaks and screens Damp down stockpiles and use crusting agents Minimise tipping height of materials Use road sweepers and brushes Fully sheet loads leaving site Use of Respiratory Protective Equipment (RPE)

Monitor and Review: Monitor and review procedures in light of incidents and changing conditions

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Form Ref:HSI-06a


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Daily inspections and Point of Work Risk Assessments Adopt programme of exposure monitoring and health surveillance where appropriate)

Respiratory Personal Equipment (RPE): Fit Testing and pre-use check for tight fitting face pieces (clean shaven) Maintain and replace valves on reusable RPE

Exemplar Items Off-site manufacture of elements of the works Vegetate or seal unused stockpiles after a maximum 13 weeks Store materials in silos or buildings away from public areas Hard surface or compact unsurfaced haul roads Vehicles leaving site to go through wheel wash Use vacuum extraction on tools Static sprinkler systems employed to control dust New initiatives and innovations

RtB 19 - Noise Control – Apr 17

Minimum Requirements At all times, all reasonable steps are taken to reduce noise at source. Plan/Organise:

Avoid the operation / Do the job another way Locate noisy operations away from other work areas Use super silenced plant Turn off plant when not in use Screen static and noisy operations Route access ways around noisy operations Employ job rotation to limit exposure

A detailed Noise Assessment is required for noisy operations such as: Piling Concrete drilling / cutting, breaking out Rock drilling Grinding, de scaling, shot-blasting steelwork Rivet busting Concrete spraying Use of abrasive wheel, saw bench Use of rollers or compactors Use of tools in confined spaces

Control: Eliminate the noise at source Isolate source of noise via location, enclosure, or damping vibration Reduce at source using silencers or acoustic screens Preventive maintenance or substitute equipment e.g. battery powered Collective control measures such as:

Sound proof welfare / office accommodation Change in working methods Programme noisy operations at a different time

PPE (like ear plugs or earmuffs) are the last resort Care to be taken not to over protect to prevent hearing warnings Provide information and training

Monitor: Monitor control measures and ensure they remain effective

Exemplar Items Ear plug fit testing and custom moulded ear plugs Off-site manufacturing of elements of the works Use of acoustic screens / bunds Pave access roads to reduce road noise Locate accommodation away from passing traffic The use of broadband directional sound reversing devices on vehicles at night The use of full duplex radios between operators/drivers & slinger/signaller/banksman External Assessor to very adequacy of noise assessments New initiatives and innovations

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Form Ref:HSI-06a


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RtB 20 - Transport & Logistics Management – Oct 16

Minimum Requirements Appoint a Transport and Logistics Co-ordinator responsible for:

Undertaking the Transport and Logistics Risk Assessment and drafting the Transport and Logistics Management Plan

Ensuring Transport and Logistics Management Plan communicated Appointing suitably trained Plant and Vehicle Marshals (RtB 17) Establishing process to check driver competence Monitoring implementation and compliance with Transport and Logistics

Management Plan Regularly review Plan, record monthly review, and communicate changes

Logistics Risk Assessment to consider:

Safe Site / Depot (design / layout) Safe Vehicles Safe Drivers Supplier route to site, including any height or

weight restrictions on route Access and egress to and around site Competence of drivers, site personnel, Supervisors and T&L co-ordinator Pinch points on site, speed limits, reversing areas, air locks, obstructions Liaison with Local Councils etc. Weather conditions that may impact on transport and logistics

Transport and Logistics Management Plan to consider: Safe Site / Depot, Safe Vehicles and Safe Drivers Liaison with Local Authorities to gain information on:

Sensitive areas Frequency of use by Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs) Historical incidents Hazard zones on approach

Vehicle, time and delivery restrictions Pedestrian exclusion zones Best route to site avoiding high volume of VRUs, schools, hospitals etc. Site plan showing parking, holding points, reception, unloading / turning areas PPE requirements, Site Rules for Drivers, and Conspicuity Req’ments (Ch. 8) Induction requirements and driver competency standards Monitoring of health and wellbeing of vehicle operators Design of Site and Depot / Loading and Unloading areas

Share Transport and Logistics Management Plan with key parties

Exemplar Items Registration with Fleet Operators Recognition Scheme (FORS) Comply with VRU safety policies Vehicles >3.5T to exceed legal requirements Encourage employees to choose Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC)

module on safeguarding VRUs / Safe urban driving New initiatives and innovations

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Form Ref:HSI-06a


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RtB 21 - Lean Health & Safety – Nov 13

Minimum Requirements Waste can be categorised in 8 forms, summarised by the acronym: TIM WOODS:

Transportation / Inventory / Motion Waiting / Over production / Over processing / Defects / Skills misuse

Safety is Value-adding, whereas Hazards are considered Waste Make use of the following 6 lean tools:

Collaborative Planning - mutual production of ‘the plan’ by all stakeholders: Clarity – Workforce has access to task information Honesty – Raise issues relating to Ability, Capacity, Travel

demands, Health, Welfare and Safety Sharing – Resources, Expertise, Labour, Plant & Materials Improvement – Analyse tasks to drive improvement Reliability – Internal review of delivering promises / commitments

Process Improvement (DMAICt) Define, Measure, Analyse, Control, Transfer Staff to have ‘Basic Lean Awareness’ Qualified Lean Practitioner or Green Belt Practitioner

Visual Management – 15 minute Daily Meetings Safety first visual display board at every meeting Discuss accidents, near misses, positive interventions

5S Workplace Organisation: Sort – What is needed / What is not Set – A place for everything / everything in its place Sweep – Clean-up workplace

Standardise – Maintain and Monitor adherence to first 3 Ss

Sustain – Follow the rules – ‘Maintain the Gain’

Standardise Work - break down the operation into smaller standard work activities

Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) Examine process for ways failure can occur Redesign process to eliminate possibility of failure Focus on 3 key criteria:

Severity – of the risk / cause Occurrence – Likelihood of the risk / cause Detection – Ability to detect the risk / cause

Lean Safety Assessment Tool (LSAT) Mistake Proofing Visual Management ‘Poke Yoke’ / Error Proofing ( i.e. 3 pin plug – only fits one way)


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RtB 22 – Fatigue – Mar 14 Minimum Requirements

Undertake a Risk Assessment to consider the effects of fatigue from programme Implement the legal requirement of the working time regulations:

Hours limited to 72 within a 7 day period Hours limited to an average of 8 in any 24 hour period for night workers Regular health assessment for night shift workers Shifts to be no more than 12 hours including overtime and employees to have:

5.6 weeks paid leave a year 11 consecutive hours rest in any 24 hour period 20 min rest break if working day longer than 6 hours 1 day off each week

Plan hours of work for the safest and most efficient shift patterns: Limit number of consecutive night shifts to 6 Allocate shift workers consecutive days off Schedule consistent start times and forward rotation (morning/afternoon/night) Ensure shifts do not over-run by using hold points before starting next task Monitor actual hours worked Allow new workers/those returning from leave, time to acclimatise to shift work Manage shift swapping and reduce recalls

Ensure no more than 14 hours door to door Factor in rest breaks as above Manage work demands within working hours:

Vary tasks to minimise physical / mental demands Use plant to reduce excessive physical demands Job rotation to limit build-up of physical / mental demands

Maintain a comfortable work Environment: Avoid physically demanding work in extreme temperatures Heating / Cooling devises and appropriate Clothing / Shelter Access to welfare facilities Suitable accommodation for those working away from home Monitor exposure to noise, temperature, chemicals, and control exposure

Work Scheduling / Planning: Manage deadlines and plan work so demands decrease towards end of shift

Allow adequate breaks and resource Review supply chain working to ensure no

double shifting (moonlighting) Consult with workforce regarding new /

changing shift patterns Non-work factors

Fit for work – Inform, Check, Monitor Assess applications for secondary employment Monitor annual leave and sick leave Access to Employee Assistance Program

Exemplar Items Comply with the 48 hour per week rule Schedule safety critical work outside periods when natural sleep cycles occur, and

encourage people to rest / sleep

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RtB 23 - Site Inductions – Mar 16 Minimum Requirements

Inductee pre-requisites. Principal Contractor to collect: HE Passport Scheme Card details (when introduced) Occupational Health Assessment Medical Certificates CSCS / CPCS Card details WAFO Card details for HE staff

Good first impressions – Good induction facilities to set standard Cater for Migrant Workers where English is a second language Measurement to confirm understanding (Test or Interactive) Handover to their Supervisor after induction to go through RAMS New Starter Buddy System Induction presenter competence:

Construction Skills Site Management Safety Training Scheme (SMSTS) IOSH Managing Safely in Construction

Full Induction Content should include the following: Introductions and Site Management structure Purpose of induction Importance of Health, Safety, and Wellbeing Approach to Occupational Health Behavioural Based Safety Drugs & Alcohol test Competence card requirements Medicals for Safety Critical Workers Project description and site specific hazards / risks Highways England Personal Commitments Location of SHE notice boards and other relevant information Mobile Phone policy SHE signage and PPE requirements Emergency procedures Welfare arrangements Engagement / Safety meetings and reporting of safety issues Disciplinary procedures

Additional Inductions for: Plant Operators Supervisors Those accessing or leaving high speed TM

Exemplar Items Augmented reality to help visualise task Behavioural Base Safety Training Emergency Services / MAC / ASC / Traffic Officers offered induction HAVS Assessment In Case of Emergency (ICE) cards stuck to hard hats Inductions delivery off site (Delivery Drivers Depot / Batching Plant) Presenter to have attended a presentation skills course

Watch my back stickers for new starters New initiatives and innovations

RtB 24 - Hand Arm Vibration – Dec 16

Minimum Requirements Plan:

Design teams should identify elements, materials and processes which present significant HAVS exposure and adopt the following hierarchy:

Design out exposure to HAVS Use mechanical means Use vibrating hand held tools

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Procurement policy to supply low emissions tools Control:

Tools that present a risk are known on site Prepare HAVS Risk Assessment to include equipment suitability including:

Size Power Efficiency etc.

Tool emission data derived from: Real life tool data (databases) In house tool measurements Manufacturers declared emission data

Anticipated length of use or trigger time Take regular breaks and keep hands warm Maintain tools and use sharp drills and chisels Pneumatic power sources maintained to prevent pressure loss Highlight tool emission values by way of:

Points values Traffic light system Coloured tags on tools Maximum trigger times

Inform and train workforce (Briefings and Toolbox Talks) Monitor:

Monitor Operatives at regular intervals Supervisors to check tools are serviced and maintained as appropriate Annual HAVS Health Surveillance provided if exposure above action value Operatives identified with HAVS referred to Occupational Health Physician Diagnosed HAVS cases investigated and additional controls identified Diagnosed HAVS cases reported to HSE under RIDDOR Occupational Health Practitioners to audit provision of Health Surveillance

Exemplar Items Dedicated person on site to manage HAVS Use limit of 100 points (2.5 m/s2) per day with no use of vibrating tools after that New initiatives and innovations

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RtB 25 - Loading and Unloading Vehicles – July 14

Minimum Requirements Planning:

Traffic Management Plan prepared to include: Site description / Layout plan / Detailed drawings (TM layouts) Safe workplaces Pedestrian and Vehicle separation Loads, Loading / Off-loading and Storage Areas Public protection Vehicle selection / Inspection / Maintenance / Rules Safe driving / reversing and working practices Driver / Operator / Signaller - Rules Managing construction transport – Duty holders Hazard identification and controls

Minimum standards given to transport / delivery companies Hierarchy of controls for Work at Height in accordance with RtB16 Training of Vehicle Marshals, Storeman and Drivers

Information: Vehicle loads evenly spread, secured, checked for movement

Environment: Minimum lighting levels in accordance with RtB 15 Yard / Compound surface even with safe access to vehicles Wheel wash facilities

Controls: Loading and unloading areas:

Segregated Clearly marked No overhead obstructions Level, even ground Trailer wheels chocked Signage and barriers to provide segregation of traffic routes

Vehicle movement control Risk Assessment to identify method of segregation Measures to prevent unauthorised / mistaken vehicle movements System to control vehicle keys

Load weights determined and communicated to prevent overloading Prevention of overhead equipment / structure strikes

Heights and widths in cab Check and record load / plant heights, if they exceed cab height Maximum heights displayed in compound and at work areas Logistics / Vehicle Plan to identify O/H obstructions and record max

heights Audible and Visual warnings fitted in cab to warn if fixed items not stowed

Suitable access provided to vehicles and suitable footwear worn Suitable access arrangement to maintain vehicles Managers and Workers aware of their responsibilities

Exemplar Items

Awareness training to Delivery Drivers Vehicle Marshals trained to CPCS or equivalent Loading / Unloading mobile plant by trained persons Yard to be surfaced with basecoat One way systems established Automatic bucket weighing equipment Automatic closing tailgates Exclusion zones around tipping waggons Traffic light systems to control movement Vehicle or trailer restraints Weighbridges to check vehicle weights Reference to RtB 7 – Overhead Structure and Service Protection New initiatives and innovations

RtB 26 - Whole Life Design for Safety – July 14

Minimum Requirements Leadership:

All aspects of design driven by maintainability and operability requirements Holistic approach to the whole life cycle encompassed by all at every stage Risk transfer only allowed by exception after evidence of how it has been

addressed and who has the control to eliminate it Key suppliers engaged throughout the design stages to eliminate hazards ‘Safety is at the heart of everything we do’ Safety Leadership is the responsibility of everyone with clear communication Embrace Innovation and Technology in design (Think outside the box) Designers to show good leadership by:

So Far as Reasonable Practical (SFRAP) undertake Pre-design Workshops with Operators / Maintainers

Regular workplace inspections / safety tours

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Involvement in High Potential / RIDDOR investigations to identify how design could have prevented the incident

Being an integral part of site team, on hand to resolve design issues Occupational Health should be an integral part of the design process:

Identify, prioritise and assess Occupational Health Risks Eliminate hazards and adjust designs to minimise health risks Provide adequate information about significant risks associated with design Consider how structure is to be maintained and demolished / decommissioned

Early engagement with Operators to secure safe Whole Life outcome Use 3D visualisation / BIM to show all stakeholders how design impacts them Make use of the ‘Designing for Safety’ section of the Safety Excellence Wheel / Matrix


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RtB 27 - Managing Temporary Traffic Management Incursions – Jun 16

Minimum Requirements Follow four step approach to preventing incursions:

Assess - Identify the risk of incursions Address - Design methods to eliminate or reduce likelihood of incursions Implement – Install TM to eliminate or reduce likelihood of incursions Monitor – Maintain TM and report incursions

Assess: Design brief should include: Exact location of planned works, including maker post locations Presence of side roads or grade separated junctions Private frontages that require access Presence of bus stops or lay-bys Likelihood of pedestrians or cyclists Whether works undertaken under lane closures, narrow lanes, hard shoulder

running or complete closure Exact nature of the works Likely number of works vehicles (vehicles per hour) Duration of the works Sketch detailing work zones Historical data – Traffic Flows and Incidents in the location

Prepare detailed Site Specific Risk Assessment to detail hazards identified and Control Measures to reduce incursions.

Wider assessment to consider surrounding area – Urban / Rural Consider requirement for Emergency Vehicles – TTRO to specify if Traffic Officer

Service or Emergency Services allowed to enter works Assess whether incursions likely at Site Access points – Geometry / Existing Signage Address:

Airlock System at all entry points for complete closure Length of Airlock to be specified (20-30m minimum) longer the more works

vehicles required to enter site Access Points off main carriageway (not slip roads) and as far from point of

closure and work area as possible Avoid having access point at entry slip roads or near advance direction signs Use solid line of cones where entry slip closed and TM Operative in place Consider using movement sensor equipment to warn Operative(s) Escape Route for unauthorised vehicles Airlock where exit slips closed Use ‘CCTV IN OPERATION’ signage to warn public they may be recorded.

Organisation must be registered with Information Commissioners Office (ISO) Specify equipment to be used in certain circumstances (i.e. barrier type) Educate workforce on access procedures to prevent Follow-ins (RtB 2) TM Designer to consider programme of works and suitability of diversion route Request use of Variable Message Signs from Regional Control Centre Consider use of Mobile Variable Message Signs

Where narrow lane or hard shoulder running for over 24hrs, consider use of Temporary Vehicle Restraint Barrier

Type of barrier will depend on: Speed restriction in force

Width of lanes Severity of a breach of the barrier Working room required

Consider breakdowns for closures over 4km: Recovery system – ‘Free Recovery’

signs Emergency refuge areas

Consider use of real time incursion warning systems / personal alarms Automatic gates at works access points

Implement: Install all measures on TM drawings TM Operative present at all carriageway or slip road closures Enhanced Technology instead of Operative where risk assessed Video equipment issued to Operatives at entry points with warning signs Operatives at gates to receive ‘Conflict Management Training’ Stage 3 Road Safety Audit on significant diversion routes (HD19/15) TM Designer to accompany Auditor Auditor to identify potential areas of incursion, including: Is there sufficient Vehicle Restraint Barrier:

adjacent to work areas adjacent to verges during hard shoulder running

The likelihood of vehicle incursions at crossover points Are works access points in locations that may mislead road user Are there verges that may cause vehicles to lose control if leaving road

Inform road users – advance signs 2 weeks before closures Regularly inspect diversion routes

Monitor: Regularly inspect TM Capture / record details of all incursions on AIRSWEB Advise workforce that they may be called as witness Strategically place works vehicles to look like Safety Camera Partnership


RtB 29 - Supervision – Feb 16

Minimum Requirements Organisations must ensure they:

Appoint Supervisor in writing Provided Supervisors to monitor sub-contractor Supervisors Support Supervisors Give them achievable targets Support them in conflict resolution Give them sufficient time and opportunity to interact with others Provide necessary training Measure, Audit and Review effectiveness of Supervision

Role of Supervisor: Lead by example and set the standard to improve H&S Culture

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Define overall team workload Plan and allocate work and manpower Brief, coach and encourage workers Control / monitor work patterns / shifts and fatigue Effective two way communication Problem solving / decision making Monitor effectiveness of training Ensure workforce have necessary capacity and competence Measure performance Promote positive culture First response to incident management Minor incident investigation Seek continual improvement Monitor safety performance and compliance Challenge / stop unsafe acts and poor performance Provide Leadership in normal and abnormal situations Ensure and promote workforce involvement Review tasks and implement lessons learnt Provide coordination between contractors

Supervisor Competence: Role based qualification NVQ / NHSS / ILM etc. Technical qualification as identified by industry standards H&S knowledge gained at minimum 2 day construction specific course Supervisor level CSCS Card Minimum Level 2 qualification Risk Assessment course, incl. practical Experience, knowledge and skill in activity being supervised Necessary Supervisory skills Thorough understanding of hazards and control measures for task Ability to lead teams Understand Behavioural issues, leadership and effective intervention skills Necessary attitude to ensure Health, Safety and Wellbeing is highest priority

Typical Management Structure: Works Manager / Depot Manager / Contracts Manager Supervisor Lead Operative Skilled Operative

Level of Supervision based on: Types of Hazard and associated Risk Level Number of work activities Location and Environment Number of People, Plant, Equipment and Materials Duration of Works, time pressures and shift patterns

Greater Supervision may be required if: New or inexperienced people involved People whose first language is not English involved At the start of a task New set of workers introduced

Highways England ‘Supervisory Ratio Decision Tool’ to asses level of Supervision


RtB 31 – Safety Helmet Colours – Sept 16

Minimum Requirements The following colours are to be used from 1st January 2017:

Black Site Supervisors Orange Slinger / Signaller Blue Inexperienced Person / Visitor White General Use (Incl. site where colour coding impractical),

Manager, Client, Competent Operative Reflective markings and role specific helmet decals are permitted for:

First Aider Fire Marshall

Coloured high visibility vests also permitted to identify other roles such as: Vehicle Marshall

Helmets must meet BS EN 397

RtB 33 – Occupational Cancer – Oct 16

Minimum Requirements Dust:

Refer to RtB 18 – Control of Dust Shift Work / Fatigue:

Refer to IAN 189/190 Policy for Managing Fatigue in the Workplace / Guidance for Managing Fatigue in the Workplace

Diesel Fumes: Close windows and doors on vehicles and welfare units to allow air handling

systems to ventilate

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Consider locating welfare units behind ‘Air Quality’ / Noise Barriers, where installed

Use lower emission or more fuel-efficient engines on plant Don’t leave engines running when not in use

Asbestos: Find out if there are Asbestos Containing Materials (ACMs) in non-domestic

premises Presume materials contain asbestos unless strong evidence they don’t Keep up to date records of asbestos containing materials Assess risk of anyone being exposed to fibres from materials identified Prepare plan to set out how risk from these materials will be managed Put plan into action and review and monitor plan so it remains up to date Provide information on location and condition of ACMs to anyone liable to

disturb them Share plan before any work commences Depot plans should be kept up to date and ACMs labelled

Solar Radiation: Long sleeves and trousers are minimum requirement Regular breaks, drinking water and salt intake provided during hot weather Minimum Factor 15 Sunscreen provided during Summer months

Smoking: Display ‘No Smoking’ signs in workplaces and vehicles Make sure no smoking in enclosed work premises or shared vehicles:

Buses / Vans or Goods Vehicles / Company Cars Designated smoking areas:

To have suitable receptacle for cigarette butts Must be shown on Fire Plan and located away from sensitive receptors

Radon: Assess risk of Radon gas exposure for work underground or in deep

excavations Estimate levels of Radon if located in hotspot as identified at:

http://www.ukradon.org/. Suitable system of gas removal if levels over 200 Becquerel’s per cubic metre Requirements of IRR99 (Ionising Radiations Regulations 1999) to be followed

if action level of 400 Bqm-3 averaged over 24hr period Monitor Radon levels and exposure times where mitigation cannot be relied on

Welding Fumes:

Conduct Risk Assessment to identify how fumes can be minimised, considering the following: :

Can job be designed to minimise hot works Can manufacturing sequences/techniques be modified to reduce hot works Can you use welding techniques that make fewer fumes Reduce time welder exposed to fumes directly from torch How can fumes be extracted from the work front What PPE is required and how can you ensure it is correctly used

What Health Surveillance is required Local exhaust ventilation and / or an air fed

welding mask should be in place for all welding activities


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