day concept area readiness standards 60% - 65% of staar

Grade 8 Social Studies 10-Day STAAR Review™ Hedgehog Learning

Day Concept Area Readiness Standards

60% - 65% of STAAR

Day 1 Exploration and

Colonization

8.2(A) identify reasons for European exploration and colonization of North America

8.3(A) explain the reasons for the growth of representative government and institutions during

the colonial period

8.7(C) analyze the impact of slavery on different sections of the United States

8.12(B) explain reasons for the development of the plantation system, the transatlantic slave

trade, and the spread of slavery

Day 2 American

Revolution

8.4(A) analyze causes of the American Revolution, including the Proclamation of 1763, the

Intolerable Acts, the Stamp Act, mercantilism, lack of representation in Parliament, and

British economic policies following the French and Indian War

8.4(C) explain the issues surrounding important events of the American Revolution, including

declaring independence; writing the Articles of Confederation; fighting the battles of

Lexington, Concord, Saratoga, and Yorktown; enduring the winter at Valley Forge; and

signing the Treaty of Paris of 1783

8.15(C) identify colonial grievances listed in the Declaration of Independence and explain how

those grievances were addressed in the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights

8.19(A) define and give examples of unalienable rights

Day 3 Constitution

8.4(E) analyze the arguments for and against ratification


8.15(A) identify the influence of ideas from historic documents, including the Magna Carta, the

English Bill of Rights, the Mayflower Compact, the Federalist Papers, and selected Anti

Federalist writings, on the U.S. system of government

8.15(C) identify colonial grievances listed in the Declaration of Independence and explain how

those grievances were addressed in the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights

8.17(A) analyze the arguments of the Federalists and AntiFederalists, including those of Alexander

Hamilton, Patrick Henry, James Madison, and George Mason

Day 4 Constitution

(continued)

8.15(D) analyze how the U.S. Constitution reflects the principles of limited government,

republicanism, checks and balances, federalism, separation of powers, popular

sovereignty, and individual rights

8.16(A) summarize the purposes for and process of amending the U.S. Constitution

8.18(A) identify the origin of judicial review and analyze examples of congressional and

presidential responses


8.19(B) summarize rights guaranteed in the Bill of Rights

8.25(C) analyze the impact of the First Amendment guarantees of religious freedom on the

American way of life

Day 5 Early Republic

8.5(A) describe major domestic problems faced by the leaders of the new republic such as

maintaining national security, building a military, creating a stable economic system,

setting up the court system, and defining the authority of the central government

8.5(C) explain the origin and development of American political parties

8.5(E) identify the foreign policies of presidents Washington through Monroe and explain the

impact of Washington's Farewell Address and the Monroe Doctrine

8.6(A) explain how the Northwest Ordinance established principles and procedures for orderly

expansion of the United States



Day 6 Age of Jackson

8.5(C) explain the origin and development of American political parties


8.15(D) analyze how the U.S. Constitution reflects the principles of limited government,

republicanism, checks and balances, federalism, separation of powers, popular

sovereignty, and individual rights

8.17(B) explain constitutional issues arising over the issue of states' rights, including the

Nullification Crisis and the Civil War



Day 7 Westward

Expansion

8.6(B) explain the political, economic, and social roots of Manifest Destiny

8.6(D) explain the causes and effects of the U.S.Mexican War and their impact on the United

States

Day 8

Industrialization

and

Cultural Reform

8.12(B) explain reasons for the development of the plantation system, the transatlantic slave

trade, and the spread of slavery

8.13(B) identify the economic factors that brought about rapid industrialization and urbanization

8.23(A) identify selected racial, ethnic, and religious groups that settled in the United States and

explain their reasons for immigration

8.27(A) explain the effects of technological and scientific innovations such as the steamboat, the

cotton gin, and interchangeable parts

8.24(B) evaluate the impact of reform movements, including educational reform, temperance, the

women's rights movement, prison reform, abolition, the labor reform movement, and care

of the disabled

Day 9

Sectionalism

and

Civil War


8.8(B) explain the causes of the Civil War, including sectionalism, states' rights, and slavery, and

significant events of the Civil War, including the firing on Fort Sumter; the battles of

Antietam, Gettysburg, and Vicksburg; the announcement of the Emancipation

Proclamation; Lee's surrender at Appomattox Court House; and the assassination of

Abraham Lincoln

8.17(B) explain constitutional issues arising over the issue of states' rights, including the

Nullification Crisis and the Civil War



Day 10 Reconstruction

8.9(C) explain the economic, political, and social problems during Reconstruction and evaluate

their impact on different groups

8.16(A) summarize the purposes for and process of amending the U.S. Constitution

8.16(B) describe the impact of 19thcentury amendments, including the 13th, 14th, and 15th

amendments, on life in the United States


31-34 Questions on Readiness TEKS

52 Questions Total

Spiraled Readiness Standards:

8.1(A) identify the major eras and events in U.S. history through 1877, including colonization, revolution, drafting of the Declaration

of Independence, creation and ratification of the Constitution, religious revivals such as the Second Great Awakening, early

republic, the Age of Jackson, westward expansion, reform movements, sectionalism, Civil War, and Reconstruction, and

describe their causes and effects

8.10(B) compare places and regions of the United States in terms of physical and human characteristics

8.10(C) analyze the effects of physical and human geographic factors on major historical and contemporary events in the United

States

8.11(A) analyze how physical characteristics of the environment influenced population distribution, settlement patterns, and

economic activities in the United States during the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries

8.12(D) analyze the causes and effects of economic differences among different regions of the United States at selected times in U.S.

history

8.27(B) analyze the impact of transportation and communication systems on the growth, development, and urbanization of the

United States

Spiraled Process Standards:

8.29(A) differentiate between, locate, and use valid primary and secondary sources such as computer software, databases, media and

news services, biographies, interviews, and artifacts to acquire information about the United States

8.29(H) use appropriate mathematical skills to interpret social studies information such as maps and graphs

8.30(A) use social studies terminology correctly

8.29(B) analyze information by sequencing, categorizing, identifying causeandeffect relationships, comparing, contrasting, finding

the main idea, summarizing, making generalizations and predictions, and drawing inferences and conclusions

8.29(C) organize and interpret information from outlines, reports, databases, and visuals, including graphs, charts, timelines, and

maps

8.29(D) identify points of view from the historical context surrounding an event and the frame of reference which influenced the

participants

8.29(E) support a point of view on a social studies issue or event

8.29(J) pose and answer questions about geographic distributions and patterns shown on maps, graphs, charts, models, and

databases

DAY 1 – Grade 8 Social Studies STAAR Review Name ______________________ Date ____________ Exploration and Colonization – Readiness TEKS 8.2A, 8.3A, 8.7C, 8.12B

1. Which of the following is an example of North American colonists seeking religious freedom?

A. King Charles II gave land to eight nobles in 1663 who sought to grow tobacco in the Carolinas to sale in Europe.

B. Georgia was established in 1733 as a place for prisoners and convicts from England.

C. In 1636, a colony at Rhode Island was founded by Roger Williams on the principles of spiritual tolerance.

D. Thomas Hooker helped create the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut and establish self-government in 1639.

4. According to the map below, which European country primarily operated remote trading outposts within its claimed territory?

F. England

G. Spain

H. France

J. Holland

2. The activities of French and Spanish exploration of North America were similar in which fashion?

F. fur trading

G. ranching and farming

H. gold mining

J. sending missionaries

3. What was the primary reason for the English colonization of Jamestown in 1607 near the James River?

A. wealth creation

B. creating a new social structure

C. religious freedom

D. political alliances with other countries


5. Use the excerpt below from The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut in 1639 to answer the following question.

“...to maintain the peace and union of such a people there should be an orderly and decent Government established according to God, to order and dispose of the affairs of the people at all seasons as occasion shall require; do therefore associate and conjoin ourselves to be as one Public State or Commonwealth.”

- Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, 1639 The establishment of this order was a result of which of the following?

A. The colony needed a strong defense to protect British control.

B. The people desired self-government due to the large distance from England.

C. The governor sought a chain-of-command to carry out orders from the king of England.

D. The colony wanted to share and equally distribute wealth.

7. The establishment of the House of Burgesses in 1619 and creation of the Mayflower Compact in 1620 indicated the colonists understood the importance of:

Mayflower Compact, 1620 The House of Burgesses, 1619

A. establishing self-government

B. submission to English authority

C. protection of natural resources

D. creating revenue through taxation

6. Which of the following did not contribute to the rise of self-government in the American colonies?

F. distance from England

G. need for societal structure

H. protection of individual rights

J. defense of English sovereignty and control

8. Although established long before the American colonies, the Magna Carta in 1215 influenced what feature of colonial life?

F. equal taxation

G. wealth distribution

H. individual rights

J. centralized power


9. The dependence of the southern colonies on farming lead to which of the following occurrences?

A. The governors of southern colonies established laws to protect labor rights and fair wages.

B. The economic influence of the southern colonies decreased.

C. The king of England increased taxation on the revenue of cotton, tobacco, and coffee.

D. The demand for labor increased the profitability of the trans-Atlantic slave trade.

12. Use the diagram below to answer the following question.

What best describes the occurrences of lines A, B, and C?

F. Africans are captured and sold to factories in Europe where they process raw materials from the American colonies. The goods they produce are sold to African nations.

G. Raw materials are produced in African where they are sent to the American colonies to be processed by slaves. The manufactured goods are then sold to Europe and exported to Africa.

H. Africans are captured and sold into slavery to work on plantations in the American colonies. The raw materials they produce are sold to Europe, manufactured into goods, and exported to African nations.

J. Raw materials are exported by slaves from Africa and sent to Europe. In exchange, Europe supplies the American colonies and African nations with manufactured goods.

10. The spread of slavery in the colonization of North America was primarily due to what factor?

F. increase in farming of cotton, tobacco, sugar, and coffee

G. demand for labor in coastal fishing industry

H. creation of shipyards in the northern colonies

J. all of the above

11. Which of the following statements is true about slavery in the northern colonies in the 17th century?

A. Slaves were common in northern farming communities.

B. Slaves were rare due to the lack of large-scale farming.

C. Slaves were non-existent because it was illegal.

D. Slaves were common in fishing and fur trading.

DAY 1 – Grade 8 Social Studies STAAR Review Name ______________________ Date ____________ Exploration and Colonization – Readiness TEKS 8.2A, 8.3A, 8.7C, 8.12B Match the vocabulary word or concept to the correct definition.

A. Colonial Period

B. Colonization

C. Columbian Exchange

D. Economic Gain

E. England

F. Exploration

G. France

H. Fundamental Orders of

Connecticut

I. Individual Rights

J. Jamestown

K. Magna Carta

L. Mayflower Compact

M. Plantations

N. Political Competition

O. Religious Freedom

P. Representative Government

Q. Self-Government

R. Slave Trade

S. Social Benefit

T. Spain

U. House of Burgesses

1. _____ defines the time of American history prior to 1776

2. _____ ability to choose and follow one’s spiritual beliefs

3. _____ country that sent explorers to claim land south and west of the Mississippi River for gold, ranching and farming

4. _____ first English colony settled in 1607 for the purpose of economic reasons

5. _____ large farming operations primarily located in the southern colonies

6. _____ country that claimed most of the Atlantic coast of North America

7. _____ the king of England’s protection for individual rights and approved taxation

8. _____ the act of seeking and claiming new lands for economic, political, and social gain

9. _____ colonization for the purpose of wealth creation

10. _____ operation that captured and sold people from their homeland to work on colonial plantations

11. _____ system of government based on the public election of lawmaking officials

12. _____ country that operated fur-trading outposts in areas northwest of the Appalachian mountains

13. _____ self-governing agreement reached by the Pilgrims at Cape Cod in 1620

14. _____ freedoms given to people as individuals not to be taken by government

15. _____ representative assembly established in the colony of Virginia

16. _____ power motivate for colonization to claim resources and land for a particular country

17. _____ government control by those who are most immediately affected and influenced

18. _____ governing agreement between three towns written in 1639 to protect individual rights

19. _____ a motive for colonization that establishes a particular societal structure

20. _____ settling a new area for the purpose of religious freedom, economic gain, or political power

21. _____ exchange of resources and goods between Europe and North America after 1492

Exploration and Colonization of North AmericaREADINESS STANDARDS – TEKS 2A, 3A, 7C, and 12B

© Hedgehog Learning

Today’s Objectives:

• Identify reasons for European exploration and colonization

• Explain the growth of representative governments

• Analyze the reasons for the spread of slavery in the colonial period

� Exploration is the act of seeking and claiming new lands for economic, political, and social gain.

� Colonialism is the establishment of settlers and traders outside of a specific country who have common reasons for relocating to a new region.

List four major reasons why European countries sought to explore and colonize North America.

1. ?2. ?3. ?4. ?

List four major reasons why European countries sought to explore and colonize North America.

1. Religious2. Political3. Economic4. Social

SPANISH ENGLISH

DUTCH FRENCH

SPAIN FRANCE

Spanish conquistadors conquered much of Central and South America, forcing Native Americans such as the Aztecs and Incas into slave labor for mining gold, ranching, and farming. The Spanish sent missionaries to the New World to convert native people to Catholicism.

French explorers established New France west the Mississippi River through the Great Lakes and on into much of presentday Canada. The French sent missionaries and established trading outposts and a few towns to engage in the fur trade with Native Americans.

ENGLAND HOLLAND

Dutch explorers claimed control of the Hudson River Valley and established New Amsterdam (New York). The Dutch West India Company merchants traded fur with native peoples, making New Amsterdam and its natural harbor a leading center for trade in the New World.

At war with Spain, England wanted to match the wealth Spain created in the New World through the establishment of thirteen colonies along the Atlantic Coast for various reasons, including political, economic, and religious motivations.

Plymouth Colony in 1620

Religious separatists (Pilgrims) unhappy with the Church of England established the first permanent settlement in presentday Massachusetts to escape religious persecution.

Jamestown in 1607

Virginia Company, a private English business, established a colony on the James River in Virginia in hopes of profiting from gold, and in later years, tobacco. Most of the first settlers did not survive the first two winters.

New York in 1664

Holland, at war with England, surrendered New Amsterdam out of fear of English warships and invasion. England gained the colony out of political force and renamed it New York.

Georgia in 1733

James Ogelthorpe formed the colony of Georgia in 1733 as a place for imprisoned debtors and convicts sent from England.

What are three major reasons colonists sought self-government in the English colonies?

1. ?2. ?3. ?

What are three major reasons colonists sought self-government in the English colonies?

1. Distance from England2. Need for Legal Structure3. Traditional Rights of Englishmen

Mayflower Compact (1620) – The Pilgrims agreed to selfgovernment in the Plymouth Colony

House of Burgesses (1619) – The colony of Virginia established an elected representative assembly.

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639) –Three towns in Connecticut agreed on individual rights, elective government, and selfrule.

• Slave trading began in colonial America in the mid-1600s to provide labor primarily for large-scale farming in the southern colonies.

• Although the northern colonies had some slaves, their population was one-tenth of that in the southern colonies.

• The number of slaves in the southern colonies increased from 13,000 in 1690 to over 125,000 in 1740.

Discussion Point:

Why do you think many European nations did nothing to stop slavery in the American colonies?

day concept area readiness standards 60% - 65% of staar

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