datainformationknowledgeaction data – a collection of facts made up of text, numbers and dates:...
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Databases
23 November 2010
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Transformation
Data Information Knowledge Action
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Data vs. Information
Data – a collection of facts made up of text, numbers and dates:
Murray 35000 7/18/86
Information - the meaning given to data in the way it is interpreted:
Mr. Murray is a sales person whose annual salary is $35,000 and whose hire date is July 18, 1986.
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Differences
Data› Unprocessed
Information› Organized and communicated
Knowledge› Evaluated and usable
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What is a database?
storage space for information
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Non-electronic Examples
A filing cabinet,
an address book,
a telephone directory,
a timetable, etc.
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Electronic Database Systems: Then
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Now
From Friendster.com on-line tour
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Databases you may use
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Benefits
Making information useful
Making information easily accessible
Integrating information
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Basic Database Concepts
Name: Barry HarrisCollege: BusinessTel: 962-5555
Name: Barry HarrisCollege: BusinessTel: 962-5555
Name: Barry Harris Field
Record–A collection of data
about an individual item
–A single item of data common to all records
Table–A set of related records
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Fields
Basic elements of content
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An Example of a Table
Records
Fields
Name email Phone College
Graff rgraff 962-3900 Pharmacy
Harris bharris 962-5555 Business
Ipswich zipswich 933-5656 Journalism
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Primary Keys & Foreign Keys
To ensure that each record is unique in each table, we can set one field to be a Primary Key field.
A Primary Key is a field that that will contain no duplicates and no blank values.
Foreign Keys link to data in other tables
Name email Phone College
Graff rgraff 962-3900 Pharmacy
Harris bharris 962-5555 Business
Ipswich zipswich 933-5656 Journalism
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A Sample Relational Database
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Other parts of a database
Tables
Forms
Queries
Reports
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Forms A friendlier view of the database Used for data input, display and
printing
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Queries
A means of asking questions (querying) of your data
Can look across tables
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Reports If the query is a
question... ...then the report is
its answer Tailored to the
needs of the user Allows you to group
and summarize data
Cannot edit
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Databases in Spreadsheets
Can be done› Example
BUT other tools exist to make it easier› User not need to understand as much› Handles routine operations