DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

SUBMITTED TOMR. ABDUL GHAFFAR KHAN

SUBMITTED BYAhmed Mushtaq 081426

Sana Mushtaq 081425Shehr Bano 081416

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction to Shaukat Khanum

Mission Statement

Database

Entity Relationship Diagram(ERD)

Entity

Entities of Shaukat Khanum

Tables in Access Database

Relationships

Query

Forms

Reports

Switchboard

Conclusion

Bibliography

INTRODUCTION TO SHAUKAT KHANAM HOSPITAL

Over the past decade, SKMCH&RC has established itself as a centre of excellence providing comprehensive care free of cost to thousands of indigent cancer patients. This pioneering, state-of-the-art hospital located in the heart of the Punjab was founded by Imran Khan, one of Pakistan's most illustrious cricketers. As a charitable institute, it is funded predominantly from the donations of friends and well-wishers from around the country and across the world.The inspiration to build the Hospital came from the misfortune and suffering of one individual, Shaukat Khanum, the mother of legendary captain of Pakistan's World Cup–winning cricket team, Imran Khan.His mother's death and the personal experience of dealing with cancer in a loved one convinced him of the need for a state of the art cancer center with access to everyone, including those who could not otherwise afford the expensive care. The result was the Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, in Lahore, the first and only cancer hospital of international standards in Pakistan, dedicated to providing first-class treatment of cancer to all its patients, irrespective of their ability to pay.

MISSION STATEMENT

To act as a model institution to alleviate the suffering of patients with cancer through the application of modern methods of curative and palliative therapy irrespective of their ability to pay, the education of health care professionals and the public and perform research into the causes and treatment of cancer.

OVERVIEW

Our project is concerned with the database of the doctors, medicine, patients, and patient’s treatment wards of SHAUKAT KHANAM HOSPITAL. The main purpose of this report is to accommodate the user in such a way that he/she can easily enter information, access it and maintain the database without the hassle of data redundancy. DATABASE is an organized collection of logically related data. DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS). A software system that is used to create, maintains, and provides controlled access to user databases. DBMS manages data resources like an operating system manages hardware resources

CURRENT SYSTEM

Currently Shaukat Khanum is using Microsoft Excel to maintain the entire database of the hospital. Microsoft's Excel spreadsheet program provides an alternative environment for many of the computations required for Macro-Investment Analysis. Its ubiquity and ease of use are among its more attractive features. However, spreadsheets are notoriously dangerous, since the underlying logic of a set of calculations is usually contained in formulas scattered around a sheets. Worse yet, the formulas are usually hidden from sight, behind the numbers representing the results of their calculations. These disadvantages loom especially large when an environment is to be chosen primarily as a means of communication. Users must create subset directories for data management. Excel data can be lost when the application is broken down into many files. Viruses can be attached to an Excel file through macros. Macros are mini programs that are written into an Excel spread sheet

PROPOSED SYSTEM

Excel may be fine if an organization only has a small amount of data, and if it don't have many attributes against each piece of data. It may be fine if an organization don't have much in the way of relational data across multiple worksheets. Once you start storing many attributes against each piece of data, and perhaps you find yourself repeating information across multiple worksheets, then it's time to start using Access. If we need to work on a huge number of sets of data, which we have to sort, filter, group, and create subgroups on which to calculate or extract values we are better off with Access. The process of creating groups within groups and then performing calculations on those is way more cumbersome in Excel. Excel on the other hand will be better for analyzing

up to a few hundred records of data. Another important reason for using Access over Excel is, if you need to generate a lot of queries and reports. Access is much better suited for doing this compared to Excel. As Shaukat Khanum is a huge organization we proposed them to maintain their data in Access.

Database File:This is your main file that encompasses the entire database and that is saved to your hard-drive or floppy disk

TABLES: A table is a collection of data about a specific topic, such as students or contacts. Using a separate table for each topic means that you store that data only once, which makes your database more efficient, and reduces data-entry errors.

FORMS A form is a graphical representation of a table. A form is very good to use when you have numerous fields in a table. This way you can see all the fields in one screen.QUERY:A question answered from the database as posed in a particular querying language. The result of a query is a table in which the columns are the attributes the user wants to see and the rows are different instances of those attributes that satisfy the qualification entered by the user.

REPORTS: A report is an effective way to present your data in a printed format. Because you have control over the size and appearance of everything on a report, you can display the information the way you want to see it

TreatmentTreatment_ID

Treatment_Description

Patient_TreatmentPatient_IDDoctor_IDWard_ID

Treatment_IDTimeDate

Result

DoctorDoctor_ID

Doctor_NumberDoctor_Fee

ReceiptReceipt_IDPatient_IDDoctor_IDWard_ID

Medicine_ID

PatientPatient_ID

Patient_NamePatient_NIC

Addmission_DateDischarge_Date

WardWard_IDWard_NameWard_Charges

MedicineMedicine_ID

Medicine_NameMedicine_Dues

SHAUKAT KHANUMENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

(ERD)

Entity Relationship Diagram

As seen in the Entity Relationship Diagram represent the patient receiving a treatment from a doctor. When a patient arrives at the hospital a new customer database is started by entering the detail of that patient (Patient ID, Name, NIC #, Admission date and Discharge date)The associative entity type PATIENT TREATMENT has the attributes Patient ID, Doctor ID, Ward ID Treatment ID Time and Results) values are recorded for these attributes for each instance of PATIENT TREATMENT. The patient was entered in the Ward(Ward ID Ward Name Ward Charges) for the Treatment(Treatment ID and Treatment Description) and he was prescribed the Medicine(Medicine ID,Medicine Name and Medicine Dues) The associative entity type RECEIPT has the attributes Receipt ID, Doctor ID, Patient ID, Ward ID,Medicine ID)

ENTITY INSTANCE

A person, place, object, event or concept which often corresponds to a row in a table of Microsoft access.

TYPEA collection of entities which often corresponds to a table.

ENTITIES OF SHAUKAT KHANUM MEMORIAL CANCER HOSPITAL

DATABASE

MAJOR ENTITIES Doctors Patients Wards Medicine Treatment

ASSOCIATIVE ENTITIES Patient_ treatment receipts

ATTRIBUTES:

Doctors

Doctors ID Doctors Number Doctors Fee

Patients Patient ID Patient Name Patient NIC Admission Date Discharge Date

Wards Ward ID Ward Name Ward Charges

Medicine Medicine ID Medicine Name Medicine dues

Treatment Treatment ID Treatment Description

Patient Treatment Patient ID Doctor ID Ward ID Treatment ID Results Time Date

Receipts Receipts ID Patient ID Doctor ID Ward ID Medicine ID

TABLES IN ACCESS DATABASE

DOCTOR TABLE

Primary key: doctor_id

Field Name Data Type Field Sizedoctors_id Text 50doctors_number Text 50doctors_fee Currency

MEDICINE- TABLE

Primary key: medicine_id

Field Name Data Type Field Sizemedicine_id Text 50medicine_ name Text 50medicine_dues Currency

PATIENT TREATMENT TABLE

Primary key: patient_id,doctors_id,ward_id,treatment_id,time,date

Field Name Data Type Field Sizepatient_id Text 50doctors_id Text 50ward_id Text 50treatment_id Text 50time Date/Timeresults Text 50

PATIENT TABLE

Primary key: patient_id

Field Name Data Type Field Sizepatient_id Text 50patient_name Text 50patient_NIC Text 50admission_date Date/Timedischarge_date Date/Time

WARD TABLE

Primary key: ward_id

Field Name Data Type Field Sizeward_id Text 50ward_number Text 50ward_charges Currency

RECEIPT TABLE

Primary key: Receipt_id,Patient id,doctors_id,ward_id,medicine_id

Field Name Data Type Field SizeReceipt_id Text 50Patient_id Text 50doctors_id Text 50ward_id Text 50medicine_id Text 50

TREATMENT TABLE

Primary key: treatment_id

Field Name Data Type Field Sizetreatment_id Text 50treatmen_description Date/Time

RELATIONSHIPS

INSTANCELink between entities which corresponds to primary key to foreign key

equivalencies in related tables. TYPE

category of relationship that is link between entity types.

RELATIONSHIP#1RELATIONSHIP TYPE: One to ManySTATEMENT: Doctor gives Patient Treatment

RELATIONSHIP#2RELATIONSHIP TYPE: One to ManySTATEMENT: Doctor Info is included in the receipts.

PATIENTTREATMENT

DOCTOR

DOCTOR RECEIPTS

RELATIONSHIP#3RELATIONSHIP TYPE: One to ManySTATEMENT: Patient gets the Patient Treatment

RELATIONSHIP#4RELATIONSHIP TYPE: One to ManySTATEMENT: Treatment prescribed for the Patient Treatment

PATIENTPATIENT TREATMENT

PATIENT TREATMENT

TREATMENT

RELATIONSHIP#5RELATIONSHIP TYPE: One to ManySTATEMENT: Patient Treatment takes place in the hospital Ward

RELATIONSHIP#6RELATIONSHIP TYPE: One to ManySTATEMENT: Ward Info is included in the Receipts.

PATIENT TREATMENT

WARD

RECEIPTS WARD

RELATIONSHIP#7RELATIONSHIP TYPE : One to ManySTATEMENT: Patient gets Receipts at the time of discharge

RELATIONSHIP#8RELATIONSHIP TYPE : One to ManySTATEMENT: Medicine record are entered in the receipts

RECEIPTS Patient

RECEIPTS MEDICINE

QUERY

PATIENT TREATMENT QUERY

RECEIPT QUERY

FORMS

DOCTOR FORM:

MEDICINE FORM

PATIENT TREATMENT FORM

PATIENT FORM

PATIENT RECEIPT FORM

TREATMENT FORM

WARD FORM

REPORTSPATIENT RECEIPTS

PATIENT TREATMENT

SWITCHBOARD

MAIN SWITCHBOARD

FORM SWITCHBOARD:

REPORT SWITCHBOARD

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Modern Database Management Jaffrey A.Hoffer Mary B Prescott Fred R Mac Fadden

Websites http://www.shaukatkhanum.org.pk http://images.google.com.pk/images?

hl=en&q=shaukat+khanum&btnG=Search+Images&gbv=2