Data Structures

Fall 2004

Data Structures What is data structure?

Ans: 探討一群相關資料的資料表示方法與資料運作方法

Objective 使用最有效率的方式 ,對一群相關資料進行處理

Programs = Data structures + Algorithms

How to analyze and design?1. 找出並描述對該資料的各種運算2. 考慮最適當的Data Structure,使得各種運算的效率最佳3. 設計一個完整的 Algorithm

Advantages of Studying DS

Solving problems by existing methods

Understanding good algorithms Learning analysis and design Building complex software systems

Documentation Better programming skills

Knowing hardware & software

Foundation for Other Fields

Six fields in our department Wireless communication Computer network Digital signal processing VLSI Computer/mechatronics engineering Power and power processing

Foundation for Other Fields

Theories shortest path problem queuing theory spanning tree simulation

Programming techniques linked list stack, queue, heap, hash protocol, driver, firmware design

Example MapleBBS

Source code structure Network card driver

RTL8139

Question to Ask

How do you start?

Start with Understanding

AnalysisDesign

Example Problem:

Read in 3 integers Find the largest and the smallest

Solution: Using flowchart Using pseudocode

Structured Programming One IN one OUT flow Three basic constructs

Sequence SelectionIteration

Pseudocode English-like (Chinese-like)

representation of the code required for an algorithm

Algorithm – Logical steps necessary to solve a problem in a computer

Part English and part structured code English part – easy to read Code part – extended version of the

basic algorithmic constructs

Writing a Program Problem statements Requirements analysis Design

Abstract design Architectural design Detail design

Implementation – coding in C Test

C Programming in Unix Tools

Editor – vi, joe, pico, etc. Compiler – gcc – ANSI C Debugger – gdb

Unix environments Workstation at the Computer Center

telnet odin.ccunix.ccu.edu.tw Linux, Free BSD Linux on Windows or gcc on Windows – not

recommended

vi Text editor Command driven Two modes

Command mode Text-entry mode

Input – everything on the keyboard

vi (cont.) <ESC> – to escape from the text-entry

mode Single command, repeated command To go into the text-entry mode

a, A – append i, I – insert o, O – add below/above s, S – substitute R – replace cw – change word

vi (cont.) Editing commands

dd – delete a line D – delete to the end of a line yy – copy a line p – paste what ever is in the buffer 5dd – to delete 5 lines; 3yy – to copy 3 lines

File commands :q, :q! – quit :w, :w! – quit ZZ – save and quit – :wq

Computer Center Account name & password Telnet to workstations Personal computers

Linux www.linux.org www.linuxdoc.org Distributions

Slackware, Redhat, Mandrake, etc. Small trial systems

Zipslack muLinux

Linux-like environment for Windows Cygwin http://www.cygwin.com/ http://www.cyut.edu.tw/~ckhung/b/sa/cygwin.shtml

What to do? Get your account ready from the

computer center. Telnet/ftp to Odin.

Install Linux on your PC.

Review “Introduction to C” Write and compile a C program under

an Unix environment