Data-driven DSS

Chapter 7

Types of Data-driven DSS

• Data warehouses

• Executive Information Systems

• Spatial DSS

• Online Analytical Processing

Source of data

Internal data

External data

Detail and SummaryINV_NUMBER LINE_NUMBER P_CODE LINE_UNITS LINE_PRICE

1001 1 13-Q2/P2 1 $14.99

1001 2 23109-HB 1 $9.95

1002 1 54778-2T 2 $4.99

1003 1 2238/QPD 1 $38.95

1003 2 1546-QQ2 1 $39.95

1003 3 13-Q2/P2 5 $14.99

1004 1 54778-2T 3 $4.99

1004 2 23109-HB 2 $9.95

1005 1 PVC23DRT 12 $5.87

1006 1 SM-18277 3 $6.99

1006 2 2232/QTY 1 $109.92

1006 3 23109-HB 1 $9.95

1006 4 89-WRE-Q 1 $256.99

1007 1 13-Q2/P2 2 $14.99

1007 2 54778-2T 1 $4.99

1008 1 PVC23DRT 5 $5.87

1008 2 WR3/TT3 3 $119.95

1008 3 23109-HB 1 $9.95

P_CODE UnitsSold AvgPrice

13-Q2/P2 8 $14.99

1546-QQ2 1 $39.95

2232/QTY 1 $109.92

2238/QPD 1 $38.95

23109-HB 5 $9.95

54778-2T 6 $4.99

89-WRE-Q 1 $256.99

PVC23DRT 17 $5.87

SM-18277 3 $6.99

WR3/TT3 3 $119.95

Drill-down

DimensionsP_DESCRIPT ProductsSold

AvgPrice

CUS_AREACODE

VendorState

1.25-in. metal screw, 25 3 $6.99 615 TN

7.25-in. pwr. saw blade 6 $14.99 615 KY

7.25-in. pwr. saw blade 2 $14.99 713 KY

B&D cordless drill, 1/2-in. 1 $38.95 615 FL

B&D jigsaw, 12-in. blade 1 $109.92

615 TN

Claw hammer 2 $9.95 615 TN

Claw hammer 3 $9.95 713 TN

Hicut chain saw, 16 in. 1 $256.99

615 TN

Hrd. cloth, 1/4-in., 2x50 1 $39.95 615 GA

Rat-tail file, 1/8-in. fine 6 $4.99 713 KY

Steel matting, 4'x8'x1/6", .5" mesh

3 $119.95

713 FL

DimensionDimensions

Slice and Dice

P_DESCRIPTProductsSold

AvgPrice CUS_AREACODE

1.25-in. metal screw, 25 3 $6.99 615

7.25-in. pwr. saw blade 6 $14.99 615

7.25-in. pwr. saw blade 2 $14.99 713

B&D cordless drill, 1/2-in.

1 $38.95 615

B&D jigsaw, 12-in. blade

1 $109.92 615

Claw hammer 2 $9.95 615

Claw hammer 3 $9.95 713

Hicut chain saw, 16 in. 1 $256.99 615

Hrd. cloth, 1/4-in., 2x50 1 $39.95 615

Rat-tail file, 1/8-in. fine 6 $4.99 713

Steel matting, 4'x8'x1/6", .5" mesh

3 $119.95 713

Viewing DatabyCustomerArea code

Slice and Dice

P_DESCRIPTProductsSold

AvgPrice V_STATE

1.25-in. metal screw, 25 3 $6.99 TN

7.25-in. pwr. saw blade 8 $14.99 KY

B&D cordless drill, 1/2-in.

1 $38.95 FL

B&D jigsaw, 12-in. blade

1 $109.92 TN

Claw hammer 5 $9.95 TN

Hicut chain saw, 16 in. 1 $256.99 TN

Hrd. cloth, 1/4-in., 2x50 1 $39.95 GA

Rat-tail file, 1/8-in. fine 6 $4.99 KY

Steel matting, 4'x8'x1/6", .5" mesh

3 $119.95 FL

Viewing DatabyVendorstate

Data-driven DSS

• Permits users to drill-down from summary to detail

• Permits users to drill-up from details to summary

• Permits users to view data on different dimensions

Data warehouse

• Database• Designed for decision support• Batch updated• Large amounts of data• Can be subject oriented (Data Mart)• Uses consistent definitions and formats• Time-variant• Historical data• Not the same as OLAP

Sources of data for Data Warehouse

• From relational databases or Non-relational data sources

• Integration of data from distributed and differently structured databases

• Definitions and formats may not be consistent across sources

• Physical Separation of data used in daily operations from data used for purposes of reporting, decision support, analysis and controlling.

Data warehouse

ETL = Extract, Transform and Load

Multi-dimensional analysisor

OLAP systems

Multi-dimensional analysis

• OLAP software for creating multi-dimensional representations

• Original data comes from normalized two-dimensional tables

• Example database

• Tables: Vendors, Products, Outlets, Sales persons, sale records

Example application

• Vendors supply products

• Products belong to product-lines

• Products sold by specific sales persons Products sold at specific outlets

• Outlets located in specific regions

• Sales done in specific time period

Can you spot the dimensions of sales revenue data?

Dimensional view of Sales data

How would you “Drill down” and “Slice and Dice”

Executive Information Systems

EIS

• To support information needs of the executive

• Data for specific issues and problems

• Can do trend analysis, and drill down

• Uses internal and external data

• Dashboard applications

Differences between data that is available and data that is required

Factors Operating Data DSS Data

Data Structures normalized integrated

Time Span current historical

Summarization none extensive in some systems

Data Volatility volatile non-volatile

Data Dimensions one dimension multiple dimensions

Metadata desirable required and important

Normalized data structure to Integrated data structure

Operating data• Two dimensional flat tables – suitable for quick

update, insert and delete operations• Efficient usage of hard drive space• Derived and derivable data not stored

Integrated data• Denormalized; for quick retrieval• Frequently used summary and derived data is

created and stored