data center free cooling

Integrating Optimized Economizers in Your Data Center Design to Leverage the

Advantages of “Free Cooling”

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Thom: Hello, everyone and welcome to the first program in Emerson Network Power’s 2010 Business Innovators Series: “Integrating Optimized Economizers in Your Data Center Design to Leverage the Advantages of “Free Cooling”. I’m Thom Gall, and I’ll be your host. As you know, our Web cast program is certified by the International Association for Continuing Education and Training. So attending a 1-hour Web cast qualifies you to earn one-tenth of a CEU training credit. Just check the box in your survey following the Web cast, and you’ll receive your certificate by mail within 3-4 weeks. Today, we’ll examine strategies and best practices for integrating air- and water-side economizers into your data center cooling infrastructure to improve energy efficiency and cut cost while still maintaining high levels of availability. This presentation deck will be available to download after the Web cast – check the link in your thank-you e-mail. I’ll give a brief introduction of Emerson Network Power and its Liebert products and services, then we will move on to our presenters.

Emerson Network Power –An organization with established customers

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Through their solutions and their service organization, Emerson Network Power helps every company in the Fortune 500 keep its systems running. Here is just a sampling of some of the recognizable organizations that rely on Emerson Network Power to keep their business in business. Emerson Network Power has customers in virtually every industry, including telecommunications, computing, healthcare, transportation, manufacturing, web-hosting, and banking and finance.

http://www.nortonhealthcare.com/default.cfm�

http://www.emerson.com/�

• Emerson Network Power overview• Integrating Optimized Economizers in Your Data Center

Design to Leverage the Advantages of “Free Cooling,” Ron Spangler, Senior Product Manager, Liebert Precision Cooling, Emerson Network Power

• Bay Area Internet Solutions Delivers Efficiency Without Compromise

• Question and Answer session

Presentation topics

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Now a little bit about how our Web cast will run. In just a minute, I’ll introduce Ron Spangler, who will discuss the latest economizer technologies, then we’ll share one example of an innovative economizer solution in practice, by showing a video featuring Bay Area Internet Solutions, one of the nations’ leading co-location service providers. You can ask questions through the console throughout the Web cast, and we’ll select several to be answered by our speakers during our closing Q&A. To ask a question, click the questions tab on the bottom of your screen. Type your question in the box along with your company name and submit it.

Integrating Optimized Economizers in Your Data Center Design to Leverage the Advantages of “Free Cooling”

Ron SpanglerSenior Project ManagerLiebert Precision CoolingEmerson Network Power

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Thom: Now, onto our presentation. Ron Spangler is a Senior Product Manager for the Liebert Precision Cooling Business of Emerson Network Power. Welcome, Ron. Ron: Thanks, Thom. I’m happy to be here today. (ad lib) Thom: Ron, tell us leveraging economizers to take advantage of free cooling in your data center. Ron: Sure, today, we’re going to talk about economizers, and really- <push next slide>

Free-cooling options

1. Air-cooled chiller with economizer(not commonly available in the U.S.)

2. Air-cooled chiller with drycooler for free-cooling3. Water-cooled chiller with economizer on cooling tower

(water-side economizer)4. Outside air introduced directly into the data center

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…Outside air introduce directly into the data center.

CRAH units with outdoor chiller

6

OutdoorChiller

Liebert CW

45ºF

55ºF

Presenter

Presentation Notes

… about 55 degree water temperature coming out.

CRAH units with outdoor chiller with drycooler for free-cooling

7

OutdoorChiller

Liebert CW

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…use the fluid cooler to create our cold water.

CRAH units with outdoor chiller

8

EvaporativeCoolingTower

Chiller

pumppump 85ºF

95ºF

45ºF

55ºF

Summertime

Liebert CW

Presenter

Presentation Notes

..but if we look this in the winter time and put an economizer in place

http://www.carriercca.com/images/commercial/water_cooled_chillers/23XRV/23XRVbig.jpg�

CRAH units with outdoor chiller water-side economizer (low ambient)

9

EvaporativeCoolingTower

Chiller

pumppump 45ºF

55ºF

Wintertime

45ºF

Liebert CW

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…from the cooling tower.

http://www.carriercca.com/images/commercial/water_cooled_chillers/23XRV/23XRVbig.jpg�

Mechanical system assumptions

Traditional OptimizedCRAH Return air temp, ºF 75ºF 80ºFEntering water temp, ºF 45ºF 55ºFWater temp rise, ºF 10ºF 15ºFCRAH supply air temp, ºF 55ºF 64ºFMaximum Cold-Aisle Temp, ºF 75ºF 75ºF

Notes:1. Raising return air temp increases economizer hours and increases

CRAH capacity and efficiency2. Increasing water temperature increases water-side economizer

hours3. Increasing water rise increases chiller efficiency

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…We also increase the chiller efficiency, and I’ll take a look at that in a moment, next slide.

Water-side economizer

Water temperature = outdoor wetbulb + approach

Example 1:45ºF degrees water needed for full cooling10ºF degrees approach35ºF degrees outdoor wetbulb

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…in order to get the 45 degree water.



Example 2:55ºF degrees water needed for full cooling10ºF degrees approach45ºF degrees outdoor wetbulb

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…and that gives me more hours of economization.



55ºF leaving the chiller (entering CRAH unit)

70ºF entering the chiller10ºF degrees approachPartial free-cooling available at 60ºF,down to 45ºF degrees outdoor wetbulb

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…full economizer, or full free cooling.

Atlanta weather profile(Wet bulb data)

Outdoor Ambient Wet Bulb- F

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85

Water-side economizer45 F ewt, 10 F TD100% @ 11.1% hoursPartial @ 13.7% hours

Full PartialAnnu

al H

ours

of O

ccur

renc

e -H

rs

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…and that happens a little over 13 percent of the hours in Atlanta.

Atlanta weather profile(Wet bulb data)

Annu

al H

ours

of O

ccur

renc

e -H

rs

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85

Full Partial

Water-side economizer55 F ewt, 15 F TD100% @ 24.7% hoursPartial @ 24.6% hours


Presenter

Presentation Notes

…back off the operation of the chiller and save energy.

New York City weather profile(Wet bulb data)

Annu

al H

ours

of O

ccur

renc

e -H

rs

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90

Water-side economizer@ 45 F EWT, 10 F TD

100% @ 22.7% hoursPartial @ 19.0% hours

Full1985 hrs

Partial1663 hrs


Presenter

Presentation Notes

…19 percent of the time, again between 35 and 45 degrees.

New York City weather profile(Wet bulb data)

Annu

al H

ours

of O

ccur

renc

e -H

rs

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90

Partial818 hrs

Water-side economizer@ 55 F EWT, 15 F TD

100% @ 41.6% hoursPartial @ 9.3% hours

Full3648 hrs


Presenter

Presentation Notes

…9 percent for partial economization

Energy reductions

• Fan Energy Reduction– ~ 50% reduction due to variable speed EC fans

• Pump Energy– Less water flow– Less system pressure drop– ~ 50% reduction in pumping power required

• Chiller Efficiency Increases– ~ 30% chiller energy savings with higher water temperatures

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…about 30 percent energy savings on the chiller. (NOTE: Starting here, Ron stops saying “next slide”)

ASHRAE recommendations

TC 9.9 Committee

• Minimum dewpoint = 41.9ºF• Maximum dewpoint = 59ºF

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…that has to do with the humidity level in the room.

Air economizer operating window weather profile (psychrometric data)

Outdoor Ambient Dry Bulb - F

Abso

lute

Hum

idity

-lb

s / l

bs

100 % RH

ASHRAEWindow

0

0.005

0.01

0.015

0.02

0.025

0.03

0.035

32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 72 77 82 87

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…and the 59 degree maximum dewpoint.

Air economizer operating windowweather profile (psychrometric data)


Abso

lute

Hum

idity

-lb

s / l

bs

100 % RH

ASHRAEWindow

Partial

CRAH leaving air ~65FCRAH entering air ~ 82F

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…one almost two times a year I can do partial economization in Atlanta.



Abso

lute

Hum

idity

-lb

s / l

bs

100 % RH

ASHRAEWindow

Partial

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…limiting my economizer to just within those dew point windows.



Abso

lute

Hum

idity

-lb

s / l

bs

100 % RH

ASHRAEWindow

Partial

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…may not be a great example if you want to stay within the ASHRAE window for dew point.



Abso

lute

Hum

idity

-lb

s / l

bs

100 % RH

ASHRAEWindow

Partial

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…below the dewpoint line all together.

Total energy example: Chicago

Traditional OptimizedWater

EconomizerAir

Economizer

Total kwHRS 6,457,013 4,331,311 2,655,259 3,701,215

-32.9% -58.9% -42.7%

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…dewpoint limits under the ASHRAE recommendations.

Air economizer strategies

Room return-air mode Outside air mode

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…discharge that air into the data center.

Economizers for data centers

Air-Side• Pros

– Best in moderate climates– Initial capital cost

• Cons– Ductwork required to get air to

the space– Humidity control can be a

challenge - costly– Dust and pollen sensors are

required to minimize filter maintenance

– Hard to implement in “high density” applications

– Mildew minimization actions required

Water-Side• Pros

– Can be used in any climate– Service requirements and

complexities greatly reduced• Cons

– Series indirect piping and control more complex

– Initial capital costs

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…capital costs are going to be a little bit more than the air economizer.

Example economizer layout

• Mixing box per CRAC unit– 0 – 10 v independent control

dampers– We will entertain controlling mixing

boxes by others.

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…computer room air handler and into the raised floor.

Air economizer standard region of operationAir economizer standard region of operation

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…is less than the temperature to the computer room air handling unit.

IT OEM (server manufacturer) concerns with outside air economizers

• The impact of high humidity• The impact of low dew point• The impact of contamination – particulate and / or

gaseous.– Published ASHRAE whitepaper, “Gaseous and Particulate

Contamination Guidelines for Data Centers”• Many of the failure modes would be additive over time,

not instantaneous

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…maintaining the cleanliness of the air is very important.

IT OEM concerns

• The impact of high humidity– Above 55% RH the impact of air borne salt becomes measurable– This failure mode is additive over time

• Impact of low humidity– Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) can damage hardware– A hard drive or tape drive may generate electrostatic discharges

when the dew point is below 5 deg C (41F)

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…when the dew point is very low

IT OEM concerns

• The impact of contamination – particulate and / or gaseous.– Particulate contamination is solvable via filtration - MERV 13 – Gaseous contamination is very costly to filter

• The gaseous contamination should be within the modified ANSI/ISA-71.04-1985 severity level G1 for copper and silver corrosion of less than 300C/30days

• Failure modes – Copper creep corrosion on RoHS-compliant circuit boards and

the corrosion of silver metallization in miniature surface mounted components• This failure mode is additive over time

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…and we start to get some corrosion on the boards.

Customizing CRAH performance

• Coils w/ higher ΔT / lower GPM– Coils can be customized for lower flow rates– Optimizing chiller can result in trade-offs

• Designed for higher EAT (> 85 F)– Standard rating point 75 F– High SHR

• High efficiency filtration (> 30%)– Offering with MERV 11 (65%) & MERV 13 (85%) and pre-filters– Upflow units can provide up to 2” external static

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…up to 2 inches of external static

Bay Area Internet Solutions Delivers Efficiency Without Compromise

Presenter

Presentation Notes

…if you have a question for Ron, please submit it in the Questions box now. START VIDEO

Q & A

Ron SpanglerSenior Project ManagerLiebert Precision CoolingEmerson Network [email protected]

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Thom: Alright, now that you’ve seen an economizer strategy in action, Ron will be happy to take your questions. We can still accept your questions, which you can submit by clicking on the questions tab and typing your question in the box. I’d also like to remind everyone that the first 50 people to register and fill out the brief survey at the end of our Web cast will receive a two-in-one laser pointer integrated with a 1-gigabyte USB drive, so be sure to look for the survey in a few minutes. Our first question comes from … (wrap up on next slide)

Thanks for joining us!

• Register for our next Webcast on April 21, “Efficiency Without Compromise: Optimizing Data Center Infrastructure to Reduce Cost and Deliver High Availability”

• Follow @EmrsnNPDataCntr on Twitter or visit the EmersonNetworkPower YouTube Channel

Presenter

Presentation Notes

We’ll need to wrap up the questions now, but we will have Ron answer your questions via e-mail if we didn’t catch you during the Webcast. You can download these slides now by clicking on the Download Slides button, on the bottom right-hand side of your console. And, your colleagues can view today’s session on demand beginning Thursday at www.liebert.com. Don't forget to look for information on our next Business Innovators Webcast on April 21, when we’ll continue discussing strategies to reduce energy consumption and cut costs in, “Efficiency without compromise: Optimizing data center infrastructure to reduce cost and deliver high availability.” You can register for the webcast by going to the Emerson Network Power Events page on Liebert.com under “Information.” In the meantime, connect with Emerson Network Power on Twitter or YouTube. Follow “at-E-M-R-S-N-N-P-DATA-C-N-T-R” on Twitter for breaking news and information including webcasts, case studies and white papers. You can also visit the “Emerson-Network-Power” Channel on YouTube for video case studies like the Bay Area video you saw today. One final note: the survey will be presented as a "pop up." To make sure your pop-up blocker if off for this effort, you’ll want to press and hold the "control" key. Go ahead and press that now. On behalf of Emerson Network Power. I’d like to thank you all for your time and attention today, we hope to see you again in April. Sign Off

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