dantuluri narayana raju college (autonomous) (a …

DANTULURI NARAYANA RAJU COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS)

(A College with Potential for Excellence)

Bhimavaram, W.G.Dist, A.P

Teaching Plan for the Academic Year 2018-19

Department: P.G.Biotechnology Paper: Cell Biology Class: I M.Sc Semester: I

Month & No.

of Working

Days

Week

No. of

Periods Per

week

Topics to be covered Co-Curricular Activity

June – 22

1 Week 4 Structure of a typical cell, Differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells,

animal and plant cells

2 Week 4 Nucleus - structure and function of nuclear membrane, nucleolus, chromosome and its

high resolution organization, DNA-histone interactions - formation of chromatin fibers-

Hetero/ Euchromatin

3 Week 4 endoplasmic reticulum, golgi, lysosomes, vacuole

4 Week 4 microbodies,ribosomes, cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix.

July – 25

1 Week 4 Biomembranes - Chemical composition of membranes of animal and plant cells,

Distribution of membrane lipids, assembly of membrane components, molecular

structure of membranes,micelles and liposomes

2 Week 4 symmetry of the membrane; membrane fluidity; fluid mosaic model of biological

membranes; membrane Transport - Donnan membrane equilibrium, Diffusion across

cellular membranes mediated transport; Energetics of transport systems

3 Week 4 Passive transport - anion exchange proteins; active transport; active transport of Na+

K+ (Sodium potassium ATPase) Ca2+ (Ca2+-ATPase); active transport of sugars

coupled to phosphorylation

4 Week 4

group translocation (_-Glutamyl cycle); proton motive force in bacterial

transport processes; ionophores, gap junctions; endocytosis, exocytosis; nature of

receptors

Aug – 24

1 Week 4 Mitochondria - structure, biogenesis and enzymatic compartmentation

2 Week 4 Organization of mitochondrial respiratory chain; mechanism of oxidative of

phosphorylation

3 Week 4 Ultrastructure of the chloroplast; Photosynthesis – photophosphorylation

4 Week 4 Carbon dioxide fixation in C3, C4 and CAM plants; Photorespiration.

Sept – 21 1 Week 4 Cell division and chromosomal variations: Mechanism of cell division - mitotic

apparatus, cytokinesis, chromosome movement

2 Week 4 Meiotic process - stages, chromosome pairing, chiasma formation molecular

mechanisms of recombination, synaptonemal complex; Nondisjunction

3 Week 4 regulation of eukaryotic cell cycle - Molecular events including cell cycle check points

4 Week 4 CDK – cyclin complexes; Chromosomal abnormalities - euploidy, haploidy - their

Fundamental and practical significance

Oct- 19

1 Week 4 Polyploidy - induction - aneuploidy - type and genetic significance.

2 Week 4 Revision Classes Of All 4 Units

3 Week Semester-end Examinations

4 Week

Nov- 09 1 Week

Semester-end Examinations

2 Week

Signature of the Lecturer Signature of the HOD Signature of the Principal





Department: P.G.Biotechnology Paper: Bio molecules Class: I M.Sc. Semester: I

Month & No.

of Working

Days

Week

No. of

Periods Per

week


June – 22

1 Week 4 Chemical foundations of biology – pH, pK, acids, bases, ionization of water, buffers -

buffering in biological systems,

2 Week 4 Chemical bonding – various forces and interactions in biological systems; Amino acids

– classification, structure and physicochemical properties,

3 Week 4 Non-protein amino acids, Peptide bond – Structure and conformation, Naturally

occurring peptides; Proteins – classification

4 Week 4 Proteins – purification, isolation and criteria of homogeneity ,sequence determination

and characterization of proteins

July – 25

1 Week 4 Physicochemical properties, structural organization of proteins, Elucidation of primary

structure, secondary structure

2 Week 4 Tertiary structure, quaternary structure, Denaturation & renaturation of proteins

3 Week 4 Carbohydrates: Definition and classification of carbohydrates, nomenclature

4 Week 4 Reaction of Mono-saccharides, Acid derivatives of Monosaccharides amino-sugars

Aug – 24

1 Week 4 Oligo saccharides, structure, and properties, Chemistry and biological roles of homo

and heteropolysaccharides,

2 Week 4 Peptidoglycan, glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins and other glycoconjugates.

3 Week 4 Classification of Lipids, Fatty acids and their physicochemical properties

4 Week 4 Physicochemical properties and characterization of fats and oil; Structure, properties

and biological roles of triacylglycerol,phospholipids

Sept – 21 1 Week 4

Structure, properties and biological roles of sphingolipids, Gangliosides,

Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes, Leukotrienes and steroids.

2 Week 4 Nucleic acids – bases, nucleosides, nucleotides, purine and pyrimidine bases

physicochemical properties of nucleic acids

3 Week 4 cleavage of nucleic acids by enzymatic methods, non enzymatic transformation of

nucleotides and nucleic acids

4 Week 4 Chemical synthesis of DNA; Nucleic acid sequencing – Higher orders of DNA & RNA

Structure, chromatin structure; Three dimensional structure of DNA

Oct- 19

1 Week 4 Types of RNA, Structure of RNAs – Secondary and Tertiary structure; DNA

denaturation and renaturation kinetics.

2 Week 4 Revision of all 4 units


4 Week

Nov- 09 1 Week


2 Week






Department: P.G.Biotechnology Paper: Microbiology Class: I M.Sc Semester: I

Month & No.

of Working

Days

Week

No. of

Periods Per

week


June – 22

1 Week 4 History and Scope of Microbiology; Classification of Microorganisms-Bacteria,

Fungi, Virus, Algae, Protozoa, phenotype, numerical and phylogenetic tree -

rRNA, DNA and Proteins,

2 Week 4

Microbial diversity, Major characteristics used in taxonomy – morphological,

physiological and metabolic, ecological, genetic analysis and molecular

characterizations- (protein, nucleicacid composition);

3 Week 5 Sterilization techniques, disinfectant and antiseptic agents; Major groups of

bacteria- Archaebacteria

4 Week 6 Actinomycetes, Chemoautotrophs, Eubacteria, Pseudomonads,cyanobacteria;

July – 25

1 Week 5

Bacterial cell- structure and functions of cellular components-cell wall

Composition of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, sub-cellular

organizations, flagella,capsule and spores.

2 Week 5 Modes of nutrition – phototrophy, chemotrophy, methylotrophy, organotrophy,

mixotrophy,saprophytic, symbiotic and parasitic modes of nutrition;

3 Week 5

Isolation of microorganisms – Direct and indirect; E Preservation of cultures

(glycerol stocks, freeze drying);staining techniques, differences between Gram-

positive and Gram-negative bacteria.ffect of pH, temperature and radiation on

microbial growth;

4 Week 7 Methods of maintenance of culture, composition of culture media - solid and

liquid media, chemically defined media, complex and differential media

Aug – 24 1 Week 5 Growth and kinetics of bacterial cells; batch and continuous cultures, chemostat

2 Week 5

Introduction to Virology: Classification, Morphology, size, ultra structure and

life cycle of some representatives Methods of culturing of viruses, Biology of

subviral agents – Viroids, Prions, Satellite viruses,esentative viruses (ØX174,

t4, SV40, Phage _, m13 and HIV);

3 Week 5 Antiviral agents chemical and biological agents ,Molds – characteristics,

classification and reproduction

4 Week 6 Yeasts – morphology, characteristics and reproduction; General characteristics

of Actinomycetes, Rickettsia, Spirochaetes and mycoplasma;

Sept – 21

1 Week Economical and industrial uses of algae.

Role of microorganisms in domestic and industrial sewage;

2 Week Microbes and Diseases – Diseases of the respiratory tract-diphtheria,

tuberculosis, pneumonia, influenza, mumps;

3 Week Diseases of the skin- systemic mycoses, candidiasis; herpes viral infections,

chicken pox, and small pox; Genitourinary infections- Gonorrhea, syphilis;

4 Week Diseases of GIT- Cholera, Typhoid; Hepatitis;

Oct- 19

1 Week Major human protozoan diseases Malaria

Trypanosomiasis,Meningoencephalitis,

2 Week Viral diseases – Dengue, Hepatitis, HIV, Polio, Rabies, SARS; Inactivation of

viruses –photodynamic inactivation.


4 Week

Nov- 09 1 Week


2 Week






Department: P.G.Biotechnology Paper: Analytical Techniques Class: I M.Sc. Semester: I

Month & No.

of Working

Days

Week

No. of

Periods Per

week


June – 22

1 Week 4 Microscopy- Principles and applications of light, phase contrast, fluorescence,

scanning

2 Week 4 transmission electron microscopy; Properties of electromagnetic radiations;

Principles, instrumentation and applications of UV, visible,

3 Week 4 Infrared, ORD, CD, NMR spectroscopy; Spectrofluorimetry and mass

spectrometry,

4 Week 4 X-ray diffraction; Flow cytometer.

July - 25

1 Week 4 Chromatography - Principles and applications of gel-filtration, ion-exchange

and affinity chromatography;

2 Week 4 TLC, GLC and HPLC; Centrifugation - Basic principles of centrifugation,

3 Week 4 Types of centrifuges, Applications of preparative and analytical ultra-

centrifuges

4 Week 4 Principles and applications of sedimentation and lyophilization.

Aug - 24

1 Week 4 Electrophoresis - Principle of electrophoretic techniques,

2 Week 4 Poly Acryl amide Gel Electrophoresis, Isoelectric focusing

3 Week 4 Isotachophoresis, 2-D Electrophoresis, Capillary electrophoresis,

4 Week 4 Agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA and RNA, Blotting techniques

Sept - 21

1 Week 4 Stable and radioactive isotopes, Detection and measurement of radioactivity,

2 Week 4 Applications of radioisotopes in biological sciences,

3 Week 4 Autoradiography, Non-isotopic tracer techniques

4 Week 4 Principles and range of electrochemical techniques,

Oct- 19

1 Week 4 Operation of pH electrodes, Principles and applications of Ion-selective and gas

sensing electrodes,

2 Week 4 Oxygen electrodes and revision


4 Week

Nov- 09 1 Week


2 Week


DANTULURI NARAYANA RAJU COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS)




Department : Paper : Class: Semester:

Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods

Per week Topics to be covered Co-Curricular Activity

Nov - 13 3 Week

4 Week

Dec - 23

1 Week

2 Week

3 Week

4 Week

Jan - 18

1 Week

2 Week

3 Week

4 Week

Feb - 21

1 Week

2 Week

3 Week

4 Week

Mar - 24

1 Week

2 Week


4 Week






Month & No.

of Working

Days

Week

No. of

Periods Per

week


June - 24





Hetero/ Euchromatin



July - 25










4 Week 4



receptors

Aug - 21 1 Week 4 Mitochondria - structure, biogenesis and enzymatic compartmentation


phosphorylation



Sept - 18

1 Week 4 Cell division and chromosomal variations: Mechanism of cell division - mitotic







Oct- 22




4 Week

Nov- 11 1 Week


2 Week







Month & No.

of Working

Days

Week

No. of

Periods Per

week


June - 24









July - 25






Aug - 21







Sept - 18

1 Week 4 Structure, properties and biological roles of sphingolipids, Gangliosides,








Oct- 22





4 Week

Nov- 11 1 Week


2 Week







Month & No.

of Working

Days

Week

No. of

Periods Per

week


June - 24

1 Week 4

History and Scope of Microbiology; Classification of Microorganisms-Bacteria,



2 Week 4







July - 25

1 Week 4






3 Week 4




microbial growth;



Aug - 21

1 Week 4 Growth and kinetics of bacterial cells; batch and continuous cultures, chemostat

2 Week 4









Sept - 18

1 Week 4 Economical and industrial uses of algae.


2 Week 4 Microbes and Diseases – Diseases of the respiratory tract-diphtheria,


3 Week 4 Diseases of the skin- systemic mycoses, candidiasis; herpes viral infections,


4 Week 4 Diseases of GIT- Cholera, Typhoid; Hepatitis;

Oct- 22

1 Week 4 Major human protozoan diseases Malaria


2 Week 4 Viral diseases – Dengue, Hepatitis, HIV, Polio, Rabies, SARS; Inactivation of



4 Week

Nov- 11 1 Week


2 Week







Month & No.

of Working

Days

Week

No. of

Periods Per

week


June - 22


scanning




spectrometry,


July - 25





centrifuges


Aug - 24





Sept - 21 1 Week 4 Stable and radioactive isotopes, Detection and measurement of radioactivity,




Oct- 19


sensing electrodes,



4 Week

Nov- 09 1 Week


2 Week






Department: P.G.Biotechnology Paper: Molecular Biology Class: I M.Sc. Semester:II

Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


Nov - 14 3 Week 4

Models of DNA Replication, Origin and direction of replication, Semi discontinuous

replication, DNA polymerases of prokaryotes and their mechanism of action

4 Week 4 Primase, Ligase, Single strand DNA binding protein, Helicase, Topoisomerases,

Dec - 23

1 Week 4 Strategies for replicating circular DNA: mode replication, sigma mode or rolling circle

replication and D-loop replication

2 Week 4 Eukaryotic DNA polymerases, Reverse transcriptase, Strategies for replicating linear

DNA, Fidelity and processivity of replication, Inhibitors of replication.

3 Week 4 DNA Repair mechanisms, Photoreactivation, Excision repair mechanism, Post

replication repair mechanisms - recombination repair, mismatch repair system

4 Week 4 Holliday model, asymmetric strand transfer model, double strand break repair model,

site-specific recombination

Jan - 17

1 Week 4 Transposition of DNA; Transposable elements, Prokaryotic transposons, Eukaryotic

transposons, Retroposons

2 Week 4 Prokaryotic RNA polymerase, Conserved sequences of prokaryotic promoters,

Initiation of transcription, Chain elongation, Chain termination,

3 Week 4 Eukaryotic RNA polymerases, Conserved sequences of eukaryotic promoters,

Transcriptional factors and basal eukaryotic transcription complex,

4 Week 4 Enhancers, Transcriptional termination in eukaryotes, Post transcriptional

processing of pre-mRNA - addition of Cap to the 5’ end,

Feb - 22 1 Week 4 Polyadenylation to the 3’ end, mechanism of intron removal and exon splicing,

Processing of r-RNA,

2 Week 4 Polyadenylation to the 3’ end, mechanism of intron removal and exon splicing,


3 Week 4 Self-splicing of introns, Processing of tRNA, Inhibitors of RNA synthesis

4 Week 4 General features of genetic code, Structural components of prokaryotic

Polyadenylation to the 3’ end, mechanism of intron removal and exon splicing,

Processing of r-RNA,and eukaryotic ribosomes,

Mar - 23

1 Week 4 Mechanism of protein synthesis in prokaryotes and eukaryotes - aminoacylation of

tRNA protein synthesis - initiation, elongation and chain termination, Protein synthesis

inhibitors, Post translational modifications of proteins, role in targeting(isoprenylation);

2 Week 4

Signal peptide (ERLS), role of SRP in translation of secreted proteins; molecular

chaperones, HSPs in protein folding; Lysosomal pathways (endocytosis,

macroautophagy, microautophagy, direct translocation from cytosol), Ubiquitin-

proteosome pathway.

3 Week .

Semester - End Examinations

4 Week






Department :P.G.Biotechnology Paper :Enzymology Class: I M.Sc. Semester:II

Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


Nov - 14

3 Week 4 Classification of enzymes, Remarkable properties of enzymes – catalytic power,

specificity,Transformation of different forms of energy,

4 Week 4 Enzyme localization and assay, Units of enzymeactivity, Active site – Fisher and

Koshland models

Dec - 23

1 Week 4 formation of enzyme – substrate complex and experimental evidences, Nature of active

site, mapping of enzyme active site throughchemical procedures and site directed

mutagenesis,

2 Week 4 Factors affecting enzyme activity, Modernconcepts of evolution of catalysis,

ribozymes, abzyme and synzymes

3 Week 4 Kinetics of single substrate enzyme catalyzed reactions, Michaelis – Menten

equation,Lineweaver - Burk, Eadie – Hofstee and Hanes plots, Significance of Vmax,

Km, Kcat specificity constant (Kcat/Km),

4 Week 4 Kinetics of multisubstrate reaction, Rate expression for nonsequential (ping-pong) and

sequential (ordered and random) mechanisms, Use of initialvelocity, Inhibition and

exchange studies

Jan - 17

1 Week 4 Flexibility and conformational mobility of enzymes,Enzyme inhibitions – reversible

inhibition – competitive, non-competitive, uncompetitiveinhibition, irreversible

inhibition, Determination of KI values

2 Week 4 Types of reaction catalysis – General acid – base, electrostatic, covalent,

intermolecular, metal– ion catalysis, Proximity and orientation

3 Week 4 Mechanism of reaction catalyzed by serine proteases – trypsin and chymotrypsin,

carboxypeptidase, lysozyme, triose phosphateisomerase, ribonuclease, Rotational

catalysis in ATPase

4 Week 4 Mechanism of catalysis with coenzymes – pyridoxal phosphate, flavin nucleotides,

thiamine pyrophosphate, biotin,tetrahydrofolate, lipoic acid.

Feb - 22 1 Week 4 Enzyme regulation – general mechanisms of enzyme regulation, Allosteric

enzymes(ATCase), Cooperativity phenomenon, Hill and Scatchard plots, Sigmoidal

kinetics and theirphysiological significance,

2 Week 4 Symmetric and sequential models of action of allosteric enzymes and their

significance, Feedback inhibition and feed forward stimulation,

3 Week 4 Control of enzymatic activity by products and substrates, Reversible and irreversible

activation, Isoenzymes,

4 Week 4 Multifunctional enzymes, Multienzyme systems – properties, mechanism of

action and regulation of Pyruvate dehydrogenase and Fatty acidsynthase complex

Mar - 23

1 Week 4 Enzyme purification - Methods of isolation, purification, Recovery and yield of

enzymes

2 Week 4 Criteria for testing purity of enzyme preparations; Immobilized enzymes - Methods of

immobilization, Applications of immobilized enzymes.


4 Week






Department :P.G.Biotechnology Paper : Immunology Class:I M.Sc. Semester:II

Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


Nov - 14 3 Week 4

Types of immunity – Innate and adaptive; Antigens, Super antigens, Adjuvants; Cells

andorgans of the immune system -Thymus, bone-marrow, spleen, lymph node;

4 Week 4 T and B lymphocytes – Origin, activation, differentiation, characteristics and functions,

Dec - 23

1 Week 4 Nature of T and B cell surface receptors; Major Histocompatibility Complex- H-2,

HLA, Polymorphism of MHC molecules,

2 Week 4 MHC restriction and its role in immune response, Antigen presenting cells, Processing

and presentation of antigens.

3 Week 4 Structure of immunoglobulins, Immunoglobulin classes and biological activities,

Isotypes, Allotypes, Idiotypes;

4 Week 4 Antibody diversity: Mini gene theory, Mutation theory, Germ line theory, Somatic

recombination, V (D) J recombination,

Jan - 17

1 Week 4 Combinatorial diversity, Junctionaldiversity, Class switching; Immunological memory;

2 Week 4 Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, Cytokines, Interleukins, Interferons;

Complement components and biological consequences of complement activation.

3 Week 4 Antigen-antibody interactions: Antibody affinity and avidity, Precipitation reactions –

Immunodiffusion, Radial immunodiffusion, double immunodiffusion,

immunoelectrophoresis

4 Week 4 Rocket immunoelectrophoresis, Agglutination reactions-Heme agglutination and

complement fixation, Immunofluorescence, FACS, RIA, ELISA, Immunoblotting,

Hybridoma technology- production of monoclonal antibodies and their applications;

Feb - 22 1 Week 4

Development of Vaccinesconventional vaccines- attenuated, killed organisms and

subunit vaccines; modern vaccines recombinant vaccines and DNA vaccines.

2 Week 4 Immune effector mechanisms – Hypersensitivity: immediate (type I, type II, type III)

and delayed hypersensitivity reactions;

3 Week 4 Immunodeficiencies - SCID and AIDS; Autoimmunity - organ specific (Hashimoto’s

thyroiditis) and systemic (Rheumatoid arthritis) diseases

4 Week 4 Tissue transplantation - auto, allo, iso and xenograft, tissue matching,transplantation

rejection,

Mar - 23

1 Week 4 Mechanism and control, immunosuppressive agents; Cancer immunology

2 Week 4 Tumor associatedantigens, Immunological surveillance of cancer


4 Week






Department: P.G.Biotechnology Paper: Biostatistics Class: I M.Sc. Semester: II

Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


Nov - 14 3 Week 4

Introduction- definition of statistics-population and universe, the sample and

population, statistical inference parameter and statistics,

4 Week 4 Handling of bulky data, construction of a histogram, interpretation of histogram,

Dec - 23

1 Week 4 the normal distribution, the mean, mode and standard deviation representing the normal

curve as straight line, uncertainties in estimating a mean

2 Week 4 Measures of variation, Range, quartile deviation, mean deviation and standard

deviation, Coefficient of variation;

3 Week 4 Probability - Addition and multiplication theories, conditional probability and

probability distributors;

4 Week 4 Proportion data- Examples of Proportion data – testing of medicines, animal toxicity,

Jan - 17

1 Week 4 infection and immunization studies e.g., LD50, ED50, PD50 statistical treatment to

proportion data; normal distribution;

2 Week 4 Count data- Examples of count data (bacterial cell count, radioactivity count, colony

and plaque count, etc.)

3 Week 4 Statistical treatment to count data - Poisson distribution, standard error, confidence

limits of counts.

4 Week 4 Simple linear regression and correlation, Correlation regression and line fitting through

graph points, standard curves,

Feb - 22

1 Week 4 Correlation - linear regression (fitting the best straight line through series of points)-

2 Week 4 Standards curves and interpolations of unknown y-values, Regression coefficients and

properties

3 Week 4 Types of errors and levels of significance, Parametric tests of significance– F & t tests

4 Week 4 Chisquare tests, Analysis of variance (ANOVA);

Mar - 23 1 Week 4 Non parametric tests- sign test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, Mann-Whitney test,

Kruskal-Wallis test and Friedman tests;

2 Week 4 Computer aided statistics- STATVIEW, SPSS, STATISTICA, STATSOFT.


4 Week







Month & No.

of Working

Days

Week

No. of

Periods Per

week


June - 26





Hetero/ Euchromatin



July - 24










4 Week 4



receptors

Aug - 22



phosphorylation



Sept - 23

1 Week 4 Cell division and chromosomal variations: Mechanism of cell division - mitotic







Oct- 18




4 Week

Nov- 11 1 Week


2 Week







Month & No.

of Working

Days

Week

No. of

Periods Per

week


June - 26









July - 24






Aug - 22







Sept - 23

1 Week 4 Structure, properties and biological roles of sphingolipids, Gangliosides,








Oct- 18





4 Week

Nov- 11 1 Week


2 Week







Month & No.

of Working

Days

Week

No. of

Periods Per

week


June - 26

1 Week 4

History and Scope of Microbiology; Classification of Microorganisms-Bacteria,



2 Week 4







July - 24

1 Week 4






3 Week 4




microbial growth;



Aug - 22

1 Week 4 Growth and kinetics of bacterial cells; batch and continuous cultures, chemostat

2 Week 4









Sept - 23

1 Week 4 Economical and industrial uses of algae.


2 Week 4 Microbes and Diseases – Diseases of the respiratory tract-diphtheria,


3 Week 4 Diseases of the skin- systemic mycoses, candidiasis; herpes viral infections,


4 Week 4 Diseases of GIT- Cholera, Typhoid; Hepatitis;

Oct- 18

1 Week 4 Major human protozoan diseases Malaria


2 Week 4 Viral diseases – Dengue, Hepatitis, HIV, Polio, Rabies, SARS; Inactivation of



4 Week

Nov- 11 1 Week


2 Week







Month & No.

of Working

Days

Week

No. of

Periods Per

week


June - 26


scanning




spectrometry,


July - 24





centrifuges


Aug - 22





Sept - 23

1 Week 4 Stable and radioactive isotopes, Detection and measurement of radioactivity,




Oct- 18


sensing electrodes,



4 Week

Nov- 11 1 Week


2 Week






Department: P.G.Biotechnology Paper: Molecular Biology Class: I M.Sc. Semester:II

Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


Nov - 14 3 Week 4

Models of DNA Replication, Origin and direction of replication, Semi discontinuous

replication, DNA polymerases of prokaryotes and their mechanism of action

4 Week 4 Primase, Ligase, Single strand DNA binding protein, Helicase, Topoisomerases,

Dec - 23

1 Week 4 Strategies for replicating circular DNA: mode replication, sigma mode or rolling circle

replication and D-loop replication

2 Week 4 Eukaryotic DNA polymerases, Reverse transcriptase, Strategies for replicating linear

DNA, Fidelity and processivity of replication, Inhibitors of replication.

3 Week 4 DNA Repair mechanisms, Photoreactivation, Excision repair mechanism, Post

replication repair mechanisms - recombination repair, mismatch repair system

4 Week 4 Holliday model, asymmetric strand transfer model, double strand break repair model,

site-specific recombination

Jan - 17

1 Week 4 Transposition of DNA; Transposable elements, Prokaryotic transposons, Eukaryotic

transposons, Retroposons

2 Week 4 Prokaryotic RNA polymerase, Conserved sequences of prokaryotic promoters,

Initiation of transcription, Chain elongation, Chain termination,

3 Week 4 Eukaryotic RNA polymerases, Conserved sequences of eukaryotic promoters,

Transcriptional factors and basal eukaryotic transcription complex,

4 Week 4 Enhancers, Transcriptional termination in eukaryotes, Post transcriptional

processing of pre-mRNA - addition of Cap to the 5’ end,

Feb - 22 1 Week 4



2 Week 4 Polyadenylation to the 3’ end, mechanism of intron removal and exon splicing,


3 Week 4 Self-splicing of introns, Processing of tRNA, Inhibitors of RNA synthesis

4 Week 4 General features of genetic code, Structural components of prokaryotic


Processing of r-RNA,and eukaryotic ribosomes,

Mar - 23

1 Week 4 Mechanism of protein synthesis in prokaryotes and eukaryotes - aminoacylation of

tRNA protein synthesis - initiation, elongation and chain termination, Protein synthesis

inhibitors, Post translational modifications of proteins, role in targeting(isoprenylation);

2 Week 4

Signal peptide (ERLS), role of SRP in translation of secreted proteins; molecular

chaperones, HSPs in protein folding; Lysosomal pathways (endocytosis,

macroautophagy, microautophagy, direct translocation from cytosol), Ubiquitin-

proteosome pathway.

3 Week .

Semester - End Examinations

4 Week






Department :P.G.Biotechnology Paper :Enzymology Class: I M.Sc. Semester:II

Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


Nov - 14

3 Week 4 Classification of enzymes, Remarkable properties of enzymes – catalytic power,

specificity,Transformation of different forms of energy,

4 Week 4 Enzyme localization and assay, Units of enzymeactivity, Active site – Fisher and

Koshland models

Dec - 23

1 Week 4 formation of enzyme – substrate complex and experimental evidences, Nature of active

site, mapping of enzyme active site throughchemical procedures and site directed

mutagenesis,

2 Week 4 Factors affecting enzyme activity, Modernconcepts of evolution of catalysis,

ribozymes, abzyme and synzymes

3 Week 4 Kinetics of single substrate enzyme catalyzed reactions, Michaelis – Menten

equation,Lineweaver - Burk, Eadie – Hofstee and Hanes plots, Significance of Vmax,

Km, Kcat specificity constant (Kcat/Km),

4 Week 4 Kinetics of multisubstrate reaction, Rate expression for nonsequential (ping-pong) and

sequential (ordered and random) mechanisms, Use of initialvelocity, Inhibition and

exchange studies

Jan - 17

1 Week 4 Flexibility and conformational mobility of enzymes,Enzyme inhibitions – reversible

inhibition – competitive, non-competitive, uncompetitiveinhibition, irreversible

inhibition, Determination of KI values

2 Week 4 Types of reaction catalysis – General acid – base, electrostatic, covalent,

intermolecular, metal– ion catalysis, Proximity and orientation

3 Week 4 Mechanism of reaction catalyzed by serine proteases – trypsin and chymotrypsin,

carboxypeptidase, lysozyme, triose phosphateisomerase, ribonuclease, Rotational

catalysis in ATPase

4 Week 4 Mechanism of catalysis with coenzymes – pyridoxal phosphate, flavin nucleotides,

thiamine pyrophosphate, biotin,tetrahydrofolate, lipoic acid.

Feb - 22 1 Week 4 Enzyme regulation – general mechanisms of enzyme regulation, Allosteric

enzymes(ATCase), Cooperativity phenomenon, Hill and Scatchard plots, Sigmoidal

kinetics and theirphysiological significance,

2 Week 4 Symmetric and sequential models of action of allosteric enzymes and their

significance, Feedback inhibition and feed forward stimulation,

3 Week 4 Control of enzymatic activity by products and substrates, Reversible and irreversible

activation, Isoenzymes,

4 Week 4 Multifunctional enzymes, Multienzyme systems – properties, mechanism of

action and regulation of Pyruvate dehydrogenase and Fatty acidsynthase complex

Mar - 23

1 Week 4 Enzyme purification - Methods of isolation, purification, Recovery and yield of

enzymes

2 Week 4 Criteria for testing purity of enzyme preparations; Immobilized enzymes - Methods of

immobilization, Applications of immobilized enzymes.


4 Week






Department :P.G.Biotechnology Paper : Immunology Class:I M.Sc. Semester:II

Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


Nov - 14 3 Week 4

Types of immunity – Innate and adaptive; Antigens, Super antigens, Adjuvants; Cells

andorgans of the immune system -Thymus, bone-marrow, spleen, lymph node;

4 Week 4 T and B lymphocytes – Origin, activation, differentiation, characteristics and functions,

Dec - 23

1 Week 4 Nature of T and B cell surface receptors; Major Histocompatibility Complex- H-2,

HLA, Polymorphism of MHC molecules,

2 Week 4 MHC restriction and its role in immune response, Antigen presenting cells, Processing

and presentation of antigens.

3 Week 4 Structure of immunoglobulins, Immunoglobulin classes and biological activities,

Isotypes, Allotypes, Idiotypes;

4 Week 4 Antibody diversity: Mini gene theory, Mutation theory, Germ line theory, Somatic

recombination, V (D) J recombination,

Jan - 17

1 Week 4 Combinatorial diversity, Junctionaldiversity, Class switching; Immunological memory;

2 Week 4 Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, Cytokines, Interleukins, Interferons;

Complement components and biological consequences of complement activation.

3 Week 4 Antigen-antibody interactions: Antibody affinity and avidity, Precipitation reactions –

Immunodiffusion, Radial immunodiffusion, double immunodiffusion,

immunoelectrophoresis

4 Week 4 Rocket immunoelectrophoresis, Agglutination reactions-Heme agglutination and

complement fixation, Immunofluorescence, FACS, RIA, ELISA, Immunoblotting,

Hybridoma technology- production of monoclonal antibodies and their applications;

Feb - 22 1 Week 4

Development of Vaccinesconventional vaccines- attenuated, killed organisms and

subunit vaccines; modern vaccines recombinant vaccines and DNA vaccines.

2 Week 4 Immune effector mechanisms – Hypersensitivity: immediate (type I, type II, type III)

and delayed hypersensitivity reactions;

3 Week 4 Immunodeficiencies - SCID and AIDS; Autoimmunity - organ specific (Hashimoto’s

thyroiditis) and systemic (Rheumatoid arthritis) diseases

4 Week 4 Tissue transplantation - auto, allo, iso and xenograft, tissue matching,transplantation

rejection,

Mar - 23

1 Week 4 Mechanism and control, immunosuppressive agents; Cancer immunology

2 Week 4 Tumor associatedantigens, Immunological surveillance of cancer


4 Week






Department: P.G.Biotechnology Paper: Biostatistics Class: I M.Sc. Semester: II

Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


Nov - 14 3 Week 4

Introduction- definition of statistics-population and universe, the sample and

population, statistical inference parameter and statistics,

4 Week 4 Handling of bulky data, construction of a histogram, interpretation of histogram,

Dec - 23

1 Week 4 the normal distribution, the mean, mode and standard deviation representing the normal

curve as straight line, uncertainties in estimating a mean

2 Week 4 Measures of variation, Range, quartile deviation, mean deviation and standard

deviation, Coefficient of variation;

3 Week 4 Probability - Addition and multiplication theories, conditional probability and

probability distributors;

4 Week 4 Proportion data- Examples of Proportion data – testing of medicines, animal toxicity,

Jan - 17

1 Week 4 infection and immunization studies e.g., LD50, ED50, PD50 statistical treatment to

proportion data; normal distribution;

2 Week 4 Count data- Examples of count data (bacterial cell count, radioactivity count, colony

and plaque count, etc.)

3 Week 4 Statistical treatment to count data - Poisson distribution, standard error, confidence

limits of counts.

4 Week 4 Simple linear regression and correlation, Correlation regression and line fitting through

graph points, standard curves,

Feb - 22

1 Week 4 Correlation - linear regression (fitting the best straight line through series of points)-

2 Week 4 Standards curves and interpolations of unknown y-values, Regression coefficients and

properties

3 Week 4 Types of errors and levels of significance, Parametric tests of significance– F & t tests

4 Week 4 Chisquare tests, Analysis of variance (ANOVA);

Mar - 23 1 Week 4 Non parametric tests- sign test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, Mann-Whitney test,

Kruskal-Wallis test and Friedman tests;

2 Week 4 Computer aided statistics- STATVIEW, SPSS, STATISTICA, STATSOFT.


4 Week






Department: P.G.Biotechnology Paper: Cell Biology & Evolution Class: I M.Sc. Semester:I

Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


June - 22

1 Week 4 Structure of typical bacterial, plant and animal cells and functions of cell organelles

2 Week 4 Mechanism of cell division. Cell cycle – Molecular events including cell cycle check

points

3 Week 4 Cdk – cyclin complexes and their role in cell cycle regulation.

Introduction of Ultra structure of plasmamembrane

4 Week 4 Ultra structure of plasmamembrane - Components and membrane asymmetry.

July - 25

1 Week 4 Transport processes - active transport, ionophores and ion channels.

2 Week 4 Exo and endocytosis. Phago and pinocytosis

3 Week 4 General morphology and functions of endoplasmic reticulum. Signal hypothesis

4 Week 4 Ribosomes - eucaryotic and procaryotic. Ribosomal proteins.

Aug - 22

1 Week 4 Role of Golgi in protein secretion. Lysosomes and peroxisomes.

2 Week 4 Cytoskelatal elements. Cell – cell interaction.


4 Week 4 Organization of mitochondrial respiratory chain, mechanism of oxidative of

phosphorylation.

Sept - 23

1 Week 4 Ultra structure of the chloroplast. Photosynthesis

2 Week 4 photophosphorylation. Carbon dioxide fixation in C-3, C-4 and CAM plants.

Photorespiration.

3 Week 4 Organic evolution: Origin of life. Species concept, population, dones, races, and

subspecies

4 Week 4 Mechanisms of speciation. Role of isolating mechanisms. Lamarckism

Oct- 19

1 Week 4 Darwinism, Neo-Darwinism, synthetic theory of evolution

2 Week 4

Micro, macro and mega evolution, sequential and divergent evolution. Natural

selection.


4 Week

Nov- 09 1 Week


2 Week






Department :P.G.Biotechnology Paper :Biomolecules Class: I M.Sc. Semester:I

Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


June - 22

1 Week Chemical foundations of Biology – pH, pK, acids, bases, buffers, weak bonds and

covalent bonds.

2 Week Classification, structure, properties and biological significance of carbohydrates.

3 Week Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, and Polysaccharides. Biological role of

peptidoglycans, glycosamino glycans and Lectins.

4 Week Lipids - classification, structure and properties of fatty acids, triglycerides,

phospholipids, sphingolipids and cholesterol

July - 25

1 Week Amino acids - Classification, structure and physico-chemical properties.

2 Week Chemical synthesis of peptides – solid phase peptide synthesis.

3 Week Proteins - classification, purification and criteria of homogeneity.

4 Week Structural organization, sequence determination and characterization of proteins.

Aug - 22

1 Week Confirmation of proteins – Ramachandran plots. Denaturation of proteins. Hetero

cyclic compounds – Heme and Chlorophylls.

2 Week Structure and properties of purines, pyrimidines, nucleosides, and nucleotides

3 Week Covalent structure of DNA and different forms of DNA - A,B and Z. DNA super

coiling.

4 Week Types of RNA and covalent structure of t-RNA.

Sept - 23

1 Week Classification, structure and physiological roles of Vitamins.

2 Week Hormones- classification and mechanism of action of steroid and protein hormones.

3 Week transduction cascade by cyclic AMP, Phospho inositate and calcium (Ca+), G-proteins

4 Week Growth factors and membrane receptor tyrosine kinases.

Oct- 19 1 Week Phytohormones and their physiological roles.

2 Week Revision Of All 4 Units


4 Week

Nov- 09 1 Week


2 Week






Department :P.G.Biotechnology Paper :Microbial Physiology & Genetics Class: I M.Sc. Semester:I

Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


June - 22

1 Week 4 Classification and cultivation of bacteria. Bacterial reproduction and growth curve.

2 Week 4 . Preparation of bacteriological media. Staining techniques. Differences between gram

positive and gram negative bacteria.

3 Week 4 Methods of sterilization, pasteurization and disinfection. Microbiology of water, milk,

air, soil and sewage.

4 Week 4 Clinically important bacteria. Biohazards - safety precautions.

July - 25

1 Week 4 Chemical nature and classification of bacteriophages. Parasitic and temperate phages.

2 Week 4 Plant and animal viruses – multiplication of viruses. General characteristics of T

Phase, x174, SV40, TMV.

3 Week 4 Clinically important viruses, retroviruses, HIV, Hepatitis B Virus and viral infections.

4 Week 4 General account of algae molds and yeasts. Economic importance of algae and fungi.

Clinically significant protozoans.

Aug - 22

1 Week 4 Microbial genetics: Recombination in prokaryotes, Transformation, conjugation,

transduction and sexduction

2 Week 4 Mapping of prokaryotic gene. Transposons, retrotransposons and mechanism of

transposition

3 Week 4 Viral genetics. Biology of plasmids.

4 Week 4 Extra chromosomal inheritance.

Sept - 23 1 Week 4 Genetics of Eukaryotes: Gene & Environment,

2 Week 4 Genotype and phenotype, Mendel’s experiments, Dominance relationships.

3 Week 4 Multiple alleles, Gene Interaction, Gene mutations,

4 Week 4 Sex determination, Sex linkage, Linkage in diploids.

Oct- 19

1 Week 4 Recombination in diploids Tetrad analysis.

2 Week 4 Elements of gene mapping, Pedigree analysis


4 Week

Nov- 09 1 Week


2 Week






Department: P.G.Biotechnology Paper: Analytical Tools & Techniques In Biotechnology Class: I M.Sc. Semester:I

Month & No.

Of Working

Days

Week

No. Of

Periods Per

week


June - 22

1 Week 4 Principles and applications of light, phase contrast,

2 Week 4 Fluorescence, scanning and transmission electron microscopy.

3 Week 4 Properties of electromagnetic radiations.

4 Week 4 Principles, instrumentation and applications of UV, visible, NMR spectroscopy.

July - 25

1 Week 4 Mass spectrometry, X-ray diffraction.

2 Week 4 Flow cytometry. Principles and range of electrochemical techniques. Operation of pH

electrodes

3 Week 4 Principles and applications of gel-filtration

4 Week 4 Ion-exchange and affinity chromatography.

Aug - 22

1 Week 4 TLC, GLC and HPLC.

2 Week 4 Basic principles of sedimentation.

3 Week 4 Applications of preparative and analytical ultra centrifuges.

4 Week Principles and applications of lyophilisation

Sept - 23

1 Week 4 General principles of electrophoretic techniques. Poly Acryl amide Gel

Electrophoresis.

2 Week 4 Iso-electric focusing. Isotachophoresis. 2-D Electrophoresis.

3 Week 4 Capillary electrophoresis. Agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA and RNA.

4 Week Blotting techniques. DNA fingerprinting Stable and radioactive isotopes..

Oct- 19 1 Week 4

Detection and measurement of radioactivity. Applications of radioisotopes in biological

sciences Autoradiography. Non-isotopic tracer techniques.

2 Week 4 Principles and applications of Ion-selective and gas sensing electrodes. Oxygen

electrodes.


4 Week

Nov- 09 1 Week


2 Week






Department :P.G.Biotechnology Paper : Enzymology & Metabolism Class: I M.Sc. Semester:II

Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of

Periods Per

week


Nov - 14 3 Week 4 Factors affecting the rates of enzyme catalysed reactions.

4 Week 4 Assay of enzyme activity – units of enzyme activity. Multisubstrate reactions

Dec - 24

1 Week 4 Enzyme – substrate (protein ligand) binding. Methods for measurement of km.

2 Week 4 Coenzymes, metalloenzymes, and isoenzymes with examples.

3 Week 4 Active site determination. Mechanism of enzyme action of Chymotrypsin & Trypsin,

carboxy peptidase-A and ribonuclease A. Multienzyme systems.

4 Week 4 Covalent modification. Zymogen activation.

Jan - 19

1 Week 4 Enzyme inhibition – Competitive, non-competitive and uncompetitive.

2 Week 4 Allosteric enzymes, Ribozymes and catalytic antibodies.

3 Week 4 Glycolysis, Glycogenolysis, glycogenesis, gluconeogenesis, HMP shunt path way and

their regulation.

4 Week 4 Tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, Glyoxylate cycle and its significance.

Feb - 20

1 Week 4 Biosynthesis and oxidation of fatty acids. Metabolism of cholesterol.

2 Week 4 Ketone bodies. Biosynthesis of Heme and chlorophylls

3 Week 4 Protein turnover. General metabolic reactions of amino acids.

4 Week 4 Urea cycle. Nitrogen fixation. Essential and non-essential amino acids.

Mar - 25

1 Week 4 Biosynthesis and degradation of aromatic and branched chain amino acids. Inborn errors

of amino acid metabolism.

2 Week 4 Biosynthesis of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides and their regulation. Catabolism of

purines and pyrimidines.


4 Week






Department :P.G.Biotechnology Paper : Molecular Biology Class: I M.Sc. Semester:II

Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


Nov - 13 3 Week 4

Organization of genetic material - Packing of DNA in to chromatin - protein

components of chromatin, histones, nucleosome organization.

4 Week 4 Solenoids loops, domains & scaffolds. Gene amplification, polytene chromosomes.

Dec - 24

1 Week 4 DNA replication – apparatus, enzymes involved and mechanism.

2 Week 4 Replication at telomeres. DNA damage and repair mechanism.

3 Week 4 Nuclear genome.C - value paradox. Mitochondrial & plastid genomes and genes.

4 Week 4 Fine structure of the eukaryotic gene. Split genes.

Jan - 17

1 Week 4 Different kinds of genes: overlapping, assembled, polyprotein & nested genes.

2 Week 4 Transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

3 Week 4 Mechanism of transcription, enzymes and transcription factors, zinc finger, leucine

zipper mechanism.

4 Week 4 Maturation and processing of m-RNA, splicing, 5' end capping & 3' end tailing.

Feb - 19

1 Week 4 RNA editing and transport. RNAi and small RNAs.

2 Week 4 Translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes: Genetic code - properties of the genetic

code, deciphering of the genetic code.

3 Week 4 Ribosome as a translation factory. t - RNA as an adaptor, its mode of function. Post

translational modifications. Leader sequences & protein targeting.

4 Week 4 Regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes - The operon concept, lac & tryp operons.

Mar - 23 1 Week 4

Transcriptional control. Post translational control. Regulation in eukaryotes - Control

by promoter, enhancer and silencers.

2 Week 4 Cis-trans elements. Environmental & developmental regulation. DNA methylation &

gene expression. Chromatin structure & gene expression.


4 Week






Department: P.G.Biotechnology Paper:Genetic Engineering Class: I M.Sc. Semester:II

Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of

Periods Per

week

Topics to be covered Co-Curricular

Activity

Nov - 14

3 Week 4 Isolation of DNA and RNA. Restriction mapping, DNA sequencing by chemical and enzymatic

methods.

4 Week 4 Nucleic acid blotting – southern and northern blotting. DNA cloning. Enzymes used in genetic

engineering

Dec - 24

1 Week 4 Restriction endonucleases - types, nomenclature and properties.

2 Week 4 DNA polymerase-I, polynucleotide kinase, DNA ligase, terminal nucleotide transferase, Reverse

transcriptase, alkaline phosphatase, S1 nuclease.

3 Week 4 Salient features of cloning vectors, types of cloning vectors - plasmids, cosmids, phages (lamda and

M13 phages), animal (SV40, Baculo) and plant (CMV) viruses,

4 Week 4 Artificial chromosomes - YACs and MACs. Ligation of foreign DNA to vectors

Jan - 19

1 Week 4 Cohesive and blunt end methods - homopolymer tailing and adaptors.

2 Week 4 Preparation of gene libraries and c-DNA libraries.

3 Week 4 Techniques of gene transfer - transformation , transfection, micro injection,

4 Week 4 Electroporation, lipofection and biolistics. Selection of r-DNA clones and their expression.

Feb - 20

1 Week 4 Nucleic acid probes, colony and fluorescent in-situ hybridization.

2 Week 4 Polymerase Chain Reaction and its applications.

3 Week 4 DNA micro array technology. Applications of genetic engineering in agriculture,

4 Week 4 Animal husbandry, medicine and in industry.

Mar - 25

1 Week 4 Genomics – genome sequencing by shot gun and hierarchical method.

2 Week 4 Genome annotation – identification of genes, promoters and exon – intron boundries


4 Week






Department: P.G.Biotechnology Paper: Biology Of Immune System Class: I M.Sc. Semester:II

Month & No.

Of Working

Days

Week

No. Of

Periods Per

week


Nov - 14

3 Week 4 Types of immunity – innate, acquired, passive and active. Organisation and structure of

lymphoid organs – bone marrow, thymus, spleen and lymphnodes.

4 Week 4 Cells of the immune system – B-Lymphocytes, T-Lymphocytes. T-cell receptor –

structure and function.

Dec - 24

1 Week 4 Macrophages. Types of cell mediated immunity and lymphokine activatd killer cells.

2 Week 4 Clonal nature of immune response, Immunological memory.

3 Week 4 Immuno regulation. Adjuvants and immunological tolerance.

4 Week 4 Nature of antigens and antibodies. Structure and function of antibodies.

Jan - 19

1 Week 4 Isotypes, Allotypes and Idiotypes. Antigen – antibody interactions.

2 Week 4 The generation of antibody diversity, antigen receptors on B & T lymphocytes.

3 Week 4 Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC). Human leukocyte antigens (HLA), MHC

restriction and typing.

4 Week 4 Lymphokines, effector cell mechanisms. Complement system.

Feb - 20

1 Week 4 Immunological techniques - ELISA, RIA, Western Blot, Immunoblot and Immuno

fluorescent techniques.

2 Week 4 FACS. Hybridoma technology - production and applications of monoclonal antibodies.

3 Week 4 Antibody engineering, chimeric antibodies.

4 Week 4 Hypersensitivity - types of hypersensitivity - immediate and delayed hypersensitivity,

autoimmune diseases, transplantation and immunity,

Mar - 25

1 Week 4 Immunity to infectious agents. Vaccines and Vaccination,

2 Week 4 Types of vaccines including new generation vaccines. Tumor immunology.

3 Week

4 Week





TeachingPlan for the Academic Year 2014-15


Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


June - 24



points




July - 25





Aug - 21





phosphorylation.

Sept - 23



Photorespiration.


subspecies


Oct- 19 1 Week 4 Darwinism, Neo-Darwinism, synthetic theory of evolution

2 Week 4 Micro, macro and mega evolution, sequential and divergent evolution. Natural

selection.


4 Week

Nov- 10 1 Week


2 Week







Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


June - 22


covalent bonds.






July - 25





Aug - 22





coiling.


Sept - 23





Oct- 19

1 Week Phytohormones and their physiological roles.



4 Week

Nov- 09 1 Week


2 Week







Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


June - 22







July - 25







Aug - 22




transposition



Sept - 23

1 Week 4 Genetics of Eukaryotes: Gene & Environment,




Oct- 19 1 Week 4 Recombination in diploids Tetrad analysis.



4 Week

Nov- 09 1 Week


2 Week







Month & No.

Of Working

Days

Week

No. Of

Periods Per

week


June - 24





July - 25



electrodes



Aug - 21





Sept - 23


Electrophoresis.




Oct- 19 1 Week 4 Detection and measurement of radioactivity. Applications of radioisotopes in biological



electrodes.


4 Week

Nov- 10 1 Week


2 Week







Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of

Periods Per

week




Dec - 24






Jan - 17




their regulation.


Feb - 22





Mar - 22






4 Week







Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


Nov - 13 3 Week 4




Dec - 24





Jan - 17




zipper mechanism.


Feb - 22







Mar - 22

1 Week 4 Transcriptional control. Post translational control. Regulation in eukaryotes - Control





4 Week







Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of

Periods Per

week


Nov - 13

3 Week 4 Isolation of DNA and RNA. Restriction mapping, DNA sequencing by chemical and

enzymatic methods.

4 Week 4 Nucleic acid blotting – southern and northern blotting. DNA cloning. Enzymes used in

genetic engineering

Dec - 24


2 Week 4 DNA polymerase-I, polynucleotide kinase, DNA ligase, terminal nucleotide transferase,

Reverse transcriptase, alkaline phosphatase, S1 nuclease.

3 Week 4 Salient features of cloning vectors, types of cloning vectors - plasmids, cosmids, phages

(lamda and M13 phages), animal (SV40, Baculo) and plant (CMV) viruses,


Jan - 17




4 Week 4 Electroporation, lipofection and biolistics. Selection of r-DNA clones and their

expression.

Feb - 22





Mar - 22




4 Week






Department: P.G.Biotechnology Paper: Biology Of Immune System Class: I M.Sc. Semester:II

Month & No.

Of Working

Days

Week

No. Of

Periods Per

week


Nov - 13


lymphoid organs – bone marrow, thymus, spleen and lymphnodes.



Dec - 24

1 Week 4 Macrophages. Types of cell mediated immunity and lymphokine activatd killer cells.




Jan - 17





4 Week 4 Lymphokines, effector cell mechanisms. Complement system.

Feb - 22

1 Week 4 Immunological techniques - ELISA, RIA, Western Blot, Immunoblot and Immuno

fluorescent techniques.

2 Week 4 FACS. Hybridoma technology - production and applications of monoclonal antibodies.

3 Week 4 Antibody engineering, chimeric antibodies.

4 Week 4 Hypersensitivity - types of hypersensitivity - immediate and delayed hypersensitivity,

autoimmune diseases, transplantation and immunity,

Mar - 22 1 Week 4 Immunity to infectious agents. Vaccines and Vaccination,

2 Week 4 Types of vaccines including new generation vaccines. Tumor immunology.







Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


June - 10



points




July - 26





Aug - 21





phosphorylation.

Sept - 23



Photorespiration.


subspecies


Oct- 26 1 Week 4 Darwinism, Neo-Darwinism, synthetic theory of evolution

2 Week 4 Micro, macro and mega evolution, sequential and divergent evolution. Natural

selection.


Nov- 10 1 Week


2 Week







Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


June - 22


covalent bonds.






July - 25





Aug - 22





coiling.


Sept - 23





Oct- 19 1 Week Phytohormones and their physiological roles.



4 Week

Nov- 09 1 Week


2 Week







Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


June - 22







July - 25







Aug - 22




transposition



Sept - 23

1 Week 4 Genetics of Eukaryotes: Gene & Environment,




Oct- 19

1 Week 4 Recombination in diploids Tetrad analysis.



4 Week

Nov- 09 1 Week


2 Week







Month & No.

Of Working

Days

Week

No. Of

Periods Per

week


June - 10





July - 26



electrodes



Aug - 21





Sept - 23


Electrophoresis.




Oct- 26 1 Week 4 Detection and measurement of radioactivity. Applications of radioisotopes in biological



electrodes.


4 Week

Nov- 10 1 Week


2 Week







Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of

Periods Per

week




Dec - 23






Jan - 19




their regulation.


Feb - 21





Mar - 22






4 Week







Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of Periods


Nov - 13 3 Week 4




Dec - 23





Jan - 19




zipper mechanism.


Feb - 21







Mar - 22

1 Week 4 Transcriptional control. Post translational control. Regulation in eukaryotes - Control





4 Week

DANTULURI NARAYANA RAJU COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS) (A College with Potential for Excellence)




Month & No.of

Working Days Week

No.of

Periods Per

week


Nov - 13

3 Week 4 Isolation of DNA and RNA. Restriction mapping, DNA sequencing by chemical and

enzymatic methods.

4 Week 4 Nucleic acid blotting – southern and northern blotting. DNA cloning. Enzymes used in

genetic engineering

Dec - 23


2 Week 4 DNA polymerase-I, polynucleotide kinase, DNA ligase, terminal nucleotide transferase,

Reverse transcriptase, alkaline phosphatase, S1 nuclease.

3 Week 4 Salient features of cloning vectors, types of cloning vectors - plasmids, cosmids, phages

(lamda and M13 phages), animal (SV40, Baculo) and plant (CMV) viruses,


Jan - 19




4 Week 4 Electroporation, lipofection and biolistics. Selection of r-DNA clones and their

expression.

Feb - 21





Mar - 22




4 Week






Department: P.G.Biotechnology Paper: Biology Of Immune System Class: I M.Sc. Semester: I

Month & No.

Of Working

Days

Week

No. Of

Periods Per

week


Nov - 13


lymphoid organs – bone marrow, thymus, spleen and lymph nodes.



Dec - 23

1 Week 4 Macrophages. Types of cell mediated immunity and lymphokine activated killer cells.




Jan - 19





4 Week 4 Lymphokines, effector cell mechanisms. Complement system. Immunological techniques

- ELISA, RIA, Western Blot, Immunoblot and Immuno fluorescent techniques.

Feb - 21

1 Week 4

FACS. Hybridoma technology - production and applications of monoclonal antibodies.

Antibody engineering, chimeric antibodies. Hypersensitivity - types of hypersensitivity -

immediate and delayed hypersensitivity

2 Week 4 CAT-I

3 Week 4 PONGAL HOLIDAYS

4 Week 4 , autoimmune diseases, transplantation and immunity. Immunity to infectious agents.

Vaccines and Vaccination, Types of vaccines including new generation vaccines. Tumor

immunology.

Mar - 22

1 Week 4 CAT-II

2 Week 4 Revision

3 Week Semester End Examinations

4 Week


dantuluri narayana raju college (autonomous) (a …

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