danish district heating sector, organization and...
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Danish District Heating Sector, organization and cooperation in the sector
District Heating projects in UkraineTechnologies and Financing
5th of December 2017
• Introduction to Danish District Heating
• Organisation of District Heating Division in Aarhus
• Collaboration with suppliers etc.
Mrs. Elsebeth Arendt
Head of District Heating Dept., AffaldVarme Aarhus, City of Aarhus
Agenda
• 430 District Heating Companies
• Owned by the Consumers/municipalities
• Non-profit economy
• 65% of all houses in Denmark are heated by District Heating
• 60,000 km. district heating pipes
• Employments in the sector
– Direct, 7,700 persons at plants and District Heating Companies
– Indirect, 10,700 persons at suppliers, contractors etc.
Danish District Heating
• Average single family house
– 19 MWh heat consumption per year
– 130 m2
– 14,000 DDK per year (1.900 €)
– Typical cost for heating is 3-7% of available income
• Typically cheaper than individual oil or gas heating
Danish District Heating
• The national energy agreement from 2012
– No heat production from fossil fuels in 2030
– All electricity and heat based on renewable energy in 2035
– The entire energy supply in DK based on renewable energy in 2050
• Denmark as a showroom for green technologies and knowhow
• Apply taxes as means to achieve the climate goals
Political Terms
Organisation of District Heating Division in Aarhus
• 330.000 inhabitants
• Fastest growing city in Denmark
• 1,5% increase in inhabitants per year
About Aarhus
• The waste and district heating department in Aarhus
• Annual turnover approx. 3.0 Billion DKK. (400 Mill. €)
• 370 employees
• Non-profit company
• Tariff financed
• Politically controlled, owned by the City of Aarhus
• The City Council in Aarhus is our board
About AffaldVarme Aarhus
• 90 years tradition with district heating in Aarhus
• Supplying 95 % of the citizens in Aarhus with district heating for both heating and domestic hot water
• District heating supply both summer and winter
• 190 employees
• 55,000 meters (300.000 customers)
• 2,100 km pipes
District Heating Division
The Municipality of Aarhus
City Council31 members
Mayor´sDept
Dept. for
Social Affairs and
Employment
Dept. for
Technical services and environment
Dept. for
Health andCare
Dept. for
Culture and Citizens´Services
Dept. for
Children and young people
7 committees
Alderman
Kristian Würtz
Finance and Property
Management Urban Services
Urban Development &
Mobility
Environment and Energy
(AffaldVarme Aarhus)
Secretariat
Technology and Environmental Issues
• The City Council approves
– Budgets
– New investments
– Tariffs
– Technical terms of district heating (temperature, payment etc.)
Local Political Terms
3 rate elements excl. tax
• Flat rate 752 DKK
– Depending of the size of the meterCovers cost of administration and maintenance of meters
• Variable rate 10,20 DKK/m²
– Depending of the housing area Covers cost of maintenance of the district heating system
• Consumption rate 436 DKK/MWh
– Covers cost of heat production and heat loss
Tariffs
Cost for heating for an average single family house in Aarhus
Cost for heating in Aarhus
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2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
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axes
Maintenace andadministration
Depreciation
Interest
Taxes
Heat production
Finally costs
• The City Council decides visions for the city
– A doubling of the area of natural beauty
– Countryside development which supports the quality of drinking water
– CO2 neutrality by 2030
Local Political Terms
• In 2016, coal was converted into biomass
• Investing 1.2 billion DKK without raising prices for the customers
• Supply 3.100 GWh heat from 8 production sites
– 50 % Wood pellets (CHP)
– 25 % Waste (incineration plants)
– 20 % Straw (CHP)
– 3 % Surplus heat (heat pumps)
– 1 % Electricity (heated boiler)
– <1 % Biogas
– <1 % Oil
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Coal Biomass
Prices and Taxes DKK/GJ
Tax
Price
Aarhus as a CO2 neutral city
Collaboration with suppliers, contractor etc.
• The pipe system (2,100 km) is
– extended annually by 20-25 km.
– replaced annually by 25-30 km.
• Yearly budget for maintenance is approx. 150 Mill DDK (20 Mill. €)
• 55,000 Heat meters has been replaced with intelligent meters the last 5 years
• 50 Heat exchanger substations are going to be replaced with new improved exchangers the next five years
Maintenance
• We make tenders for all the components (pipes, valves, meters etc.)
• We don’t necessarily take the cheapest offer
• We score the supplier on parameters like;
– “Total cost of ownership”
– Services
– Warranty
– Etc.
Maintenance
• We develop new products with the suppliers
• We describe our needs
• We want
– to reduce the heat loss (20 % = 200 mill DKK per year)
– components that are less space demanding
– more data for operational optimization
New products and services