danish architecture from middle ages until today

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Bachelor of Architectural Technology and Construction Management

DANISH ARCHITECTURE

FROM MIDDLE AGES UNTIL TODAYBY MONIKA BORISOVA

Consultant: O.S. Olesen

VIA University college

Horsens Campus

DenmarkNovember 2010



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Danish Architecture from Middle Ages until today

Monika Borisova

Via University College, Horsens Campus, Denmark

Bachelor of Architectural Technology and Construction Management

7semester

Consultant O.S.Olesen

2 copies – Front Arial 12

November 2010

33Pages A3 format – approx 2400 characters/page

All rights reserved-not part of this publication

may be reproduced without the prior permission

of the author

NOTE: This dissertation was completed as a part

of and architectural technology and

construction management degree course – no

responsibility is taken for any advice,

instruction or conclusion given within!



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3. INTRODUCTION:

The architect Louis Kahn quotes ‘Architecture is what nature cannot make’.

The architecture designs our lives through the spaces that we live in. I believe that the public isinvolved in the architecture. Every different style in the architecture changes and improves thehuman life. Architecture is the greatest form of art that put its influence on us every day and makeus create spaces where we can experience a new world within the confines of a structure. That’swhy it is so important for us and that’s why it is so interesting topic also for me.

Architecture is in the same time, both science and the art of the building. To understand the art ofarchitecture it is best, to gain first an understanding for the science of architectural constructionthrough different styles and periods. The report will start with analyzing the major periods in the

Danish architecture.

The report describes each period shortly, involving information about both constructions andmaterials. Each period is unique and I am trying to describe what is new in each style and whatmakes it different from all the others.

I have always been fascinated by architectures different styles and periods, without theknowledge to support me, when I am looking at different buildings, in different areas throughoutthe world.

I have felt that I have been without the right knowledge when discussing topics concerningarchitecture, in school, at practical placement, with family extra, this report have made mestronger, and it will help me and hopefully others to understand and know the different styles inDenmark, which I have learned have it all.



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Columns: The Romanesque columns are smooth and round with the same width from the bottomto the top.

Conclusion about Romanesque period :

The Romanesque style is characterized by the round arches, both used to keep the structure andalso served as decoration. Apart from that, the thick stone walls and the small windows also

characterize the Romanesque architecture style.The churches buildings which were built in the Romanesque period put Denmark as a part of theInternational Architecture. The earliest wooden churches were replaced by stone churches in1100 to 1250. During that time 2000 churches were build and nowadays over 1500 of thesechurches remain.

5.3. Gothic period

The period:

The Gothic period takes place in the years 1250-1550. Thechurch forms the style of that period. They were richlydecorated with murals and woodcarvings. The Gothic style ischaracterized by the construction of towers, the steep roof, thepointed arch and arch windows openings. For the construction

of the pointed arch is used mainly brick and there was oftenused colored glass in the windows.

Materials:

In the Gothic period the brick was the main building material. Because of the lack of stonematerial, the brick were used not only for churches but also for building castles.

Town halls:

General houses and homes have been modest. Their shape was dictated by function, materialsand design based on craft traditions that are transferred from generation to generation. They havebeen different in appearance from country to country and from region to region, but the designprinciples have remained the same.

Abbey church is build around 1260. It was rebuilt several times.Today the church represents Gothic style with its richdecorations.

Fig.18 Columns which are characterized for Romanesque time

Fig.20 Abbey church - Horsens

Fig.19 Århus Cathedral



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Christian 4:

He is known today as the largest Danish construction king because he built many great buildings.Christian 4s favorite architectural style was Dutch Renaissance style. The king built many famousbuildings such as Frederiksborg Castle, the Stock Exchange, the Round Tower and RosenborgCastle in Copenhagen.

Conclusion about Renaissance Period:

The word “Renaissance” means “rebirth” and the period marks the transition between Medievaland Early Modern Architecture. It is highlighted by new learning, developing infrastructure andmore attention to the arts. The era is best known because of the the special décor and elementstructures which are more severe than the styles in the past, and the attention to detail in theornamentation which is very precise.

5.5. Baroque period:

The period:

The Baroque period is from 1650-1750.The style emerged in Italy and it developed later indifferent countries in Europe. The Baroque style was very different from the other periods. Theindividualism was playing a important role when the architects began to highlight different part ofthe architecture such as windows, cornices or part of walls. That was made with the purpose tocreate a movement in the building. According to this, the contrast between different forms andbetween light and shadows played a big role when the building was constructed.

Charlottenborg:

This was one of the first Baroque buildings thatwere built in Denmark. It was built between 1772-1683. The building was built in a way that eachroom had a function, status and thus of meaning.Charlottenborg came to play a major role in the

construction of a number of large mansions andmanor houses throughout Denmark.

Characteristic of the buildings from the Baroque period include strictly symmetrical facades andthe lower roof pitch.

Fig.25 Frederiksborg Castle

Fig.26 Licthenbergske Mansion – Horsens

Built in 1744

Fig.26 Charlottenborg

Fig.27 Charlottenborg

danish architecture from middle ages until today

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