daily focus skills transparency 2 3 chapter 2
TRANSCRIPT
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Daily Focus Skills
Transparency 2–3 Chapter 2
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Ancient Egypt
Chapter 2 – Section 3
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After this lesson, I can…
Recognize the impact of individuals on
world history
Identify the location of early
civilizations on a map
Identify types of artifacts by pictorial
representation
Identify significant individuals and
events in Egyptian civilization
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Focusing on the Main Ideas
The Egyptian Empire
• The Middle Kingdom was a golden age of peace, prosperity, and advances in the arts and architecture. ⇓
• During the New Kingdom, Egypt acquired new territory and reached the height of its power.
• Akhenaton tried to change Egypt’s religion, while Tutankhamen is famous for the treasures found in his tomb. ⇓
• Under Ramses II, Egypt regained territory and built great temples, but the empire fell by 1150 B.C.
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Meeting People • Tutankhamen (TOO·tang·KAH·muhn)
• Ramses II (RAM·SEEZ)
Building Your Vocabulary
• tribute (TRIH·byoot) • incense (IHN·SEHNS)
The Egyptian Empire
Locating Places • Thebes (THEEBZ) ⇓
Meeting People
• Ahmose (AHM·OHS) ⇓
• Hatshepsut (hat·SHEHP·soot) ⇓
• Thutmose III (thoot·MOH·suh) ⇓
• Akhenaton (AHK·NAH·tuhn)
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The Egyptian Empire
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The Middle Kingdom
• Pharaohs lost control of Egypt in about 2300 B.C.
• At that time, a new dynasty of pharaohs created a capital at Thebes.
• This began the Middle Kingdom, a time of stability, prosperity, and achievement.
• Egypt took control of other lands and forced conquered people to send tribute, or forced payments.
The Egyptian Empire
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• In this way, Egypt increased its riches.
The Middle Kingdom (cont.)
• During the Middle Kingdom, the arts, literature, and architecture blossomed.
• The Middle Kingdom ended when the Hyksos attacked and conquered Egypt.
• The Hyksos ruled until around 1500 B.C., when the Egyptian prince Ahmose led a revolt to drive the Hykos out of Egypt.
The Egyptian Empire
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The Middle Kingdom (cont.)
• This artwork with gold inlay from the Middle Kingdom period shows a funeral boat.
The Egyptian Empire
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The New Kingdom
• Hatshepsut was one of the few women to rule Egypt.
• Trade made Egypt wealthier.
• During the New Kingdom period, Egypt grew richer and more powerful.
The Egyptian Empire
• Trade grew during Hatsheput’s reign.
• Traders exchanged beads, tools, and weapons for ivory, wood, leopard skins, and incense.
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The New Kingdom (cont.)
• Thutmose conquered more lands, and Egypt grew richer from tributes.
• Thutmose III became pharaoh after Hatshepsut’s death.
• Slavery became common in Thutmose’s reign.
• Slaves had some rights.
• They could own land, marry, and eventually obtain freedom.
The Egyptian Empire
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How was Hatshepsut unlike other pharaohs?
She focused on trade instead of military conquests.
The Egyptian Empire
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The Legacies of Two Pharaohs
• Amenhotep felt priests were gaining too much power.
• Amenhotep IV came to power in 1370 B.C.
• He introduced a new religion with only one god.
• Priests who did not follow the new religion were removed from power.
The Egyptian Empire
The Legacies of Two Pharaohs
• Amenhotep IV came to power in 1370 B.C.
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• He did not act when the Hittites attacked Egypt.
• Amenhotep became so devoted to his new religion that he neglected his other duties.
• As a result, Egypt’s empire greatly diminished.
The Legacies of Two Pharaohs (cont.)
• Most Egyptians refused to accept the new religion.
The Egyptian Empire
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• In A.D. 1922, a British archaeologist found King Tut’s grave.
• He ruled for only nine years before his death.
The Legacies of Two Pharaohs (cont.)
• Tutankhamen, now called King Tut, was a boy ruler who took power after Akhenaton died.
The Egyptian Empire
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• Temples were used for services.
• During Ramses’s rule, many temples were built throughout Egypt.
The End of the New Kingdom
• Ramses II was one of the most effective pharaohs of the New Kingdom.
• Most Egyptians prayed at home because they believed the temples were houses for the gods and goddesses.
The Egyptian Empire
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• Egypt was attacked by neighboring groups and eventually controlled only the Nile delta.
The End of the New Kingdom (cont.)
• After Ramses’s rule, Egyptian rule began to decline.
The Egyptian Empire
• Beginning in the 900s B.C., Egypt was ruled by the Libyans, then the people of Kush, and finally the Assyrians.
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Kush Kingdom c. 250 B.C.
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