daidalos 21-08-0000-00-00001/34 ieee 802.21 media independent handover dcn: 21-08-0020-00-0000...

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IEEE 802.21 MEDIA INDEPENDENT HANDOVER DCN: 21-08-0020-00-0000Title: IEEE 802.21 – DVB Integration Use CasesDate Submitted: January, 2008Presented at IEEE 802.21 session #24 in TaipeiAuthors or Source(s):

Burak Simsek (Fraunhofer Institute)Peter Pogrzeba (Deutsche Telekom)Teodor Buburuzan (Technical University of Braunschweig)Patrick Stupar (NEC) Michelle Wetterwald (Eurecom)Michael Grigat (Deutsche Telekom)Jens Mödeker (Fraunhofer Institute)Andreas Sieber (IRT)

Abstract: This presentation is about use cases of IEEE 802.21 for DVB Networks

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IEEE 802.21 presentation release statementsThis document has been prepared to assist the IEEE 802.21 Working Group. It is

offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.

The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE’s name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE’s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.21.

The contributor is familiar with IEEE patent policy, as outlined in Section 6.3 of the IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manual <http://standards.ieee.org/guides/opman/sect6.html#6.3> and in Understanding Patent Issues During IEEE Standards Development http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/guide.html>

IEEE 802.21 presentation release statementsThis document has been prepared to assist the IEEE 802.21 Working Group. It is

offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.

The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE’s name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE’s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.21.

The contributor is familiar with IEEE patent policy, as stated in Section 6 of the IEEE-SA Standards Board bylaws <http://standards.ieee.org/guides/bylaws/sect6-7.html#6> and in Understanding Patent Issues During IEEE Standards Development http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/faq.pdf>

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Outline

• Summary of November

• Coverage Problem

• State of the art for handover with DVB

• Applications of DVB-H

• Handover Types DVB-H requires

• Examples to Technical Challenges

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Summary of November

• DVB … A broadcast dedicated technology

• DVB-H is based on DVB-T standard but designed for small, portable devices like Mobile Phones.

• Optimized reception in mobile environments through new modulation and error correction mechanisms (better signal quality)

• By the use of time-slices it is perfect suited for small, battery-powered devices

• Advantages• Unlimited number of receivers• Up to 40 km coverage per transmitter• Around 20 AV streams with 300kbps• Hence an efficient technology for popular multimedia services

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Summary of November

• DVB supports IP since 2006 with IP Datacast

• DVB IP Datacast is a Service Provisioning Framework designed to provide IP based services over DVB-H

• Purchase, service description, schedule and acquisition…

• Developed by the DVB CBMS (Convergence of Broadcast and Mobile Services ) Working Group

• This is the group IEEE 802.21 should cooperate with• Chairman: Georges Martinez (Motorola)• Most active partners: Nokia, Motorola, Philips, Samsung, France Telecom,

Siemens, Thomson, Expway, NDS• There is a liasion to OMA BCAST

• Prof. Reimers: “In my capacity as Chairman of the Technical Module of the International DVB Project, I strongly support the inclusion of DVB-H in IEEE 802.21… It is clear that numerous companies are working on the integration of 3G networks and this additional DVB-H broadcast downstream into "hybrid" network structures. The IEEE would therefore be well advised to incorporate certain broadcast technologies in IEEE 802.21.”

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Coverage Problem

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Coverage Problem

Strong demand for service handover from DVB-H to 3G Strong demand for service handover from DVB-H to 3G

DVB-H coverage planning in many countries is aiming at densely populated areas

2G/3G coverage is nearly 99% in Germany

Mobile TV via 3G (unicast) is introduced

Mobile service providers want to combine Mobile TV via DVB-H and 2G/3G to offer their customers a consistent product

In the case of DVB-H reception loss user cannot seamlessly move to the 2G/3G mobile TV offering

DVB-H coverage planning in many countries is aiming at densely populated areas

2G/3G coverage is nearly 99% in Germany

Mobile TV via 3G (unicast) is introduced

Mobile service providers want to combine Mobile TV via DVB-H and 2G/3G to offer their customers a consistent product

In the case of DVB-H reception loss user cannot seamlessly move to the 2G/3G mobile TV offering

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DVB-H coverage planning Germany (1)

Berlin

Munich

Frankfurt

Introduction is planned in June 2008

To cover 15 regions of Germany

Coverage mode: portable indoor

About 20% population coverage (15-16 Mio people)

Introduction Scenario

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DVB-H coverage planning Germany (2)

Berlin

Munich

Frankfurt

Should be realized until 2011

To cover 36 regions of Germany and some smaller areas

About 45% population coverage (36 Mio people)

A nation wide DVB-H coverage is not planned

Interim target scenario

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Handover using IP Datacast

State of the art

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IP Datacast

• First phase of IP Datacast supports only passive, horizontal (DVB-H to DVB-H) handovers (L2 switch)

• Second phase of IP Datacast will also support active, horizontal (DVB-H to DVB-H) handovers (L2 switch) with usage of a return channel

• Until now only Mobile Initiated Handovers are planned to be supported

• IEEE 802.21 could fill in the gap for all types of vertical handovers involving DVB-H and another, bidirectional technology (to and from DVB-H), for both MIHO and NIHO cases

• Third phase of IP Datacast (planned for Spring 2008) plans to support vertical handovers, but only from DVB-H to another bidirectional technology (generic mobile network)

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RTPRTP

ESG Handover with IP Datacast

Data Link LayerData Link Layer

Physical LayerPhysical Layer

MPEG-2 TS & MPE MPEG-2 TS & MPE

DVB-H physicalDVB-H physicalUMTS physicalUMTS physical

IP Multicast IP Multicast IP Unicast IP Unicast

Service Layer

(IP DatacastLayer)

Service Layer

(IP DatacastLayer)

UDPUDP TCPTCP

ALC/LCT/ FLUTEALC/LCT/ FLUTE HTTPHTTP

Application

Layer

Application

Layer

ESGBootstrappi

ng

ESGBootstrappi

ng

ESG dataESG dataESG

containerESG

container

ESG dataESG data

ESG containerESG container

ESG ClientESG Client

ESG: Electronic Service Guide

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RTPRTP




MPEG-2 Transport Strom& MPE


DVB-H physicalDVB-H physical


Service Layer

(IP DatacastLayer)

Service Layer

(IP DatacastLayer)

UDPUDP TCPTCP


Application

Layer

Application

Layer

ESGBootstrappi

ng

ESGBootstrappi

ng

ESG dataESG dataESG

containerESG

container

ESG dataESG data



Horizontal HandoverHorizontal Handover

ESG data model & synchronization via hybrid networksESG data model & synchronization via hybrid networks

ESG delivery over DVB-HESG delivery over DVB-H

Covered by DVB IP datacast specifications

UMTS physicalUMTS physical

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UMTS physicalUMTS physical






DVB-H physicalDVB-H physical


Service Layer

(IP DatacastLayer)

Service Layer

(IP DatacastLayer)

UDPUDP TCPTCP


Application

Layer

Application

Layer

ESGBootstrappi

ng

ESGBootstrappi

ng

ESG dataESG dataESG

containerESG

container

ESG dataESG data



Vertical handover is missing !Vertical handover is missing !

IEEE 802.21 Scope

RTPRTP

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Handover Types

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Vertical Handovers involving DVB-H (1/4)

• Mobile Initiated Handover from X to DVB-H• Better QoS for multimedia services, price schemes, bandwidth

allocation and coverage are among reasons for such handover• The mobile terminal enters DVB-H coverage area, discovers the

availability of DVB-H connectivity and verifies the service is available on that network

• The X network can provide with the DVB-H network availability information • The X network may signal to the DVB-H network the presence of the terminal

• The mobile terminal tunes into the DVB-H network and informs the other network to suspend delivery over the X network

• Connectivity to X network may be preserved and used additionally as return-channel for DVB-H

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• Mobile Initiated Handover from DVB-H to X• The mobile terminal realizes that it will exit DVB-H coverage area• The mobile terminal informs the X network (if not connected will

connect to X first) to deliver the service over the X connection• After the mobile terminal is able to get the service over X, the X

network may inform the DVB-H network that the mobile terminal left

• The DVB-H interface may be shut down• Other reasons for such handover are: cheaper network providing

the service for less price, power consumption, where telephone connection cannot be sacrificed

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• Network Initiated Handover from X to DVB-H• The X network is overloaded with N 1-to-1 connections of

the popular service OR service was initially not available over DVB-H because of coverage and was initiated over X

• The network operator decides to move the service S from X to DVB-H and, instead of N 1-to-1 connections, will use only 1 1-to-N connection

• After the handover the X interface could be put in sleep mode if no other service requires bi-directional communication

• Mainly bandwidth allocation and QoS concerns are the initiators for such handover


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• Network Initiated Handover from DVB-H to X• In case the DVB network is no longer available, or a service is no

longer available over DVB-H, the network can instruct the mobile terminals to switch to an alternative network

• After the handover, the terminal can decide to switch off the DVB-H interface

• Makes more sense for specific services because of the high amount of signaling required

• Non free-to-air services• Services with higher QoS requirements• Decreasing popularity of service

• Would most probably affect all the receivers simultaneously


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Applications in need of Handover

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Multimedia data transferred in a continuous stream of packets that are interpreted and rendered in real-time (time-critical)

Constantly received and displayed at the terminal

High demands for QoS

Multimedia data transferred in file format to mobile devices (non time-critical)

No real-time consumption of content which can be stored at the terminal

Lower QoS demands

DVB-H – Two main delivery methods

Streaming File transfer

Fast and possibly seamless handover is requested

Uncritical handover procedure with res-pect to time and service maintenance

Handover requirements in the case of network change

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TV/radio transmission

FTA (free-to-air) or encrypted transmission

H.264 streaming

TV with auxiliary data i.e. text or data elements for interaction

No synchronization of data elements with A/V stream

Time shifting

Rich media services with advanced interactivity

A/V stream includes additional data streams

Synchronization of data streams with A/V stream

User triggered download of any kind of content via broadcast Ring Tones Music Maps A/V clips Games…

Main Usage Scenarios of DVB-H

Mobile TV/Radio

Mobile TV with synchronized, auxialiary data

stream

Interactive mobile TV

File Download

Require bidirectional channels

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Voting, polling, quizzes or other games during a TV show

Results are fed in real time via the interactivity channel

Examples of Usage Scenarios for Mobile TV with auxialiary data stream/interactive mobile TV

VoDVoting/Polling

Info Push Shopping

User can access on demand short video clips (i.e. roundups, news, shows)

Vote for Best Live Act

•Madonna – Press [1]•Shakira – Press [2]

Additional information are presented in a ticker format

Ticker might contain interactive elements

Advertised pro-ducts can be directly purchased

Connection to a shop triggered by a link

Order new CD ...Order new CD ...

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IEEE 802.21Handover Scenarios for DVB-H

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Scenario 1

• Family Jonas has two children. They are traveling from Bonn to Berlin for visiting their grandparents during the Christmas holiday…

• Anna is 5 years old and is a fan of “Sesame Street”

• Sesame Street is free to air and offered via DVB in a few minutes

• Their car is equipped with TV sets on the back side of the front seats, a DVB receiver and a WIMAX/UMTS receiver

• Anna turns on the TV and starts watching “Sesame Street” as they are still within the city boundaries of Bonn

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Scenario 1

StreamingServiceProviderCore

Network

TD-CDMAAR

MBMS -UMTSMulticast

UMTSUnicast

DVB-TAR

DVB-TBroadcast

Aggregators: DirecTV, Premiere, …

• Free to Air TV starts with DVB connection as default• In 15 minutes they are approaching to the end of the BONN DVB-H Coverage OR

• There is a cheaper network providing the service for less price• Battery Level does not support the use of multiple interfaces simultaneously, where

telephone connection cannot be sacrificed…

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Scenario 2

• Family Jonas also has a flat rate video service from their mobile service providers.

• The brother of Anna, Michael, is a football fan and would like to watch today's games during this long journey

• Since the video service is a service of mobile service provider, initially service is started over UMTS or Wimax…

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Scenario 2

• Near Dortmund, service operator becomes aware of the fact that there is a sufficient number of customers watching this the games.

• Hence, start NIHO, so that the games are multicasted over DVB-H.

• For the next 40km, Michael uses DVB-H without being aware of it…

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Scenario 3

• Mrs. Jonas is joining to an online interactive lecture periodically which will enable her to promote in her career

• Although the lecture is broadcasted over DVB, she needs another channel for asking questions

• MIH User on the car determines that the service is available for free over DVB-H, but needs another channel for uplink data transfer. By the use of MIIS, MIH user determines the most appropriate uplink channel for DVB. Service starts…

• During their journey, both uplink and downlink channels change for different reasons and MIH user is able to manage both connections simultaneously so that the service is offered in a seamless manner

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Examples for Technical

Differences / Challenges

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Threshold Configuration

• Multihoming is assumed, otherwise only local communication with DVB driver is possible

• Local threshold configuration is the same except that the communication is done with the device driver directly

• For network initiated threshold configuration command can be broadcasted• Return address is the PoS at the DVB Network side• Acknowledgement is not required/possible in most cases• Or DVB PoS reached via “other” connection, which might belong to another provider and DVB network provider becomes aware of the users…

Serving NetworkDVB

Other NetworkCandidate Network

1Mobile Node

UP Entity

MIH User

MIHF DVB Driver

PoA-S

PoS-S

MIH User

PoA-C1

PoS-C1

MIH User

Candidate Networkn

PoA-Cn

PoS-Cn

MIH User

Other Network1

Up Entity

MIIS Server

Serving Network 3G/IEEE

PoA-S

PoS-S

MIH User

Other Network2

Up Entity

Mac

MIH_Link_Configure_Thresholds.request

Link_Configure_Thresholds.request

Link_Configure_Thresholds.confirm

MIH_Configure_Threshold Response

MIH_Link_Configure_Thresholds.confirm

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Return Channel OptionsM

IHF

DVB-H

IEEE/3GPP

-Return Channel with UDLR (Unidirectional link routing)

-Layer 2 transparent

-DVB behaves as bidirectional

DVB Transmitter

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Mobile Initiated HandoverResource Check/Reservation

• Same as normal IEEE 802.21 procedures except• Queries can be done over another active channel and its PoS – No DVB PoS inclusion• A decision should be given for offering the service as multicast or unicast• IP_CONFIG_METHODS should be extended for multicast traffic so that we can make sure successful join to the group. This would also enable seamless handovers, since joining multicast group could be done before commit is completed…

Serving NetworkDVB


1Mobile Node

UP Entity

MIH User

MIHF DVB Driver

PoA-S

PoS-S

MIH User

PoA-C1

PoS-C1

MIH User

Candidate Networkn

PoA-Cn

PoS-Cn

MIH User

Other Network1

Up Entity

MIIS Server


PoA-S

PoS-S

MIH User

Other Network2

Up Entity

Mac

MIH_MN_HO_Candidate_Query.request

MIH_MN_HO_Candidate_Query Request

MIH_MN_HO_Candidate_Query.indication

MIH_N2N_HO_Query_Resources.request

MIH_N2N_HO_Query_Resources Request

MIH_N2N_HO_Query_Resources.indication

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Network Initiated HandoverResource Check/Reservation

• Scalability problems

• MIH Related messaging is done over another channel but with the PoS of the DVB Network Provider

• A decision should still be given for offering the service as multicast or unicast (there should be a corresponding mechanism during resource query)• Multicast Join of network should be realized following commit command

• A new type of MIH_Net_HO_Candidate_Query Request might be neededServing Network

DVBOther Network

Candidate Network1

Mobile Node

UP Entity

MIH User

MIHF DVB Driver

PoA-S

PoS-S

MIH User

PoA-C1

PoS-C1

MIH User

Candidate Networkn

PoA-Cn

PoS-Cn

MIH User

Other Network1

Up Entity

MIIS Server


PoA-S

PoS-S

MIH User

Other Network2

Up Entity

Mac

Link_Going_Down.indication

MIH_Link_Going_Down Indication

MIH_Link_Going_Down.indication

MIH_Net_HO_Candidate_Query.request

MIH_Net_HO_Candidate_Query Request

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Thanks for your attention!

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BACKUP SLIDES

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Mobile Operator-Led Business Model

Mobile Service

Operator

Service Flow

Payment Flow

Mobile Network Operator

Broadcast Network Operator

AggregatorBroadcastersContent

Providers

User

Assume adaptation of this model, but others are possible as well.

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Backup: Broadcaster Led Model

BroadcasterBroadcast Network Operator

Mobile Network Operator

UserContentProvider

Service Flow

Payment Flow

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Backup: Whole Sale Model

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Mobile Initiated Handover Handover Complete

• Assume handover is done to active channel, but it is also possible to choose another network for the handover and its procedure is the same as normal 802.21

• DVB Network is not (does not have to be) aware of the completion of the handover (free to air concept)

• For network initiated handover there is no significant difference except that the MIH_Net_HO_Commit.request is sent over “other” channel

Serving NetworkDVB


1Mobile Node

UP Entity

MIH User

MIHF DVB Driver

PoA-S

PoS-S

MIH User

PoA-C1

PoS-C1

MIH User

Candidate Networkn

PoA-Cn

PoS-Cn

MIH User

Other Network1

Up Entity

MIIS Server


PoA-S

PoS-S

MIH User

Other Network2

Up Entity

Mac

Multicast Join

IP connectivity reconfigured

MIH_MN_HO_Commit.comfirm

Link_Down.indication

MIH_Link_Down.indication

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Information Query

Serving NetworkDVB


1Mobile Node

UP Entity

MIH User

MIHF DVB Driver

PoA-S

PoS-S

MIH User

PoA-C1

PoS-C1

MIH User

Candidate Networkn

PoA-Cn

PoS-Cn

MIH User

Other Network1

Up Entity

MIIS Server


PoA-S

PoS-S

MIH User

Other Network2

Up Entity

Mac

Information Query

MIH_Get_Information.request

MIH_Get_Information Request

MIH_Get_Information Response

MIH_Get_Information.confirm

• Use Bidirectional Channel for MIIS server connection

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Directly download of content such as ring-tones, games, music & video clips) triggered by a link or interactive advertising

Examples of Usage Scenarios for File Download

UGC platformPaid download Mobile Podcast

User can upload his own videos/pictures and can access the videos/pictures of other users

TV or web based content is pushed onto the device for non-real time viewing (independent from the reception)

Available Content

•Backstage Video [1]•Ringtone [2]•Screensaver [3]

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Horizontal Handover Parameters for DVB-H

Parameters Source Remark

cell_id TPS bits Uniquely cell identifier for DVB-T/H

cell_list_descriptor NIT To announce cells and sub-cells of the DVB-H network

cell_frequency_link_descriptor NIT To announce all frequencies used to transmit the TS within the DVB network

linkage_descriptor NIT to announce INT

original_network_id NIT typically allocated by DVB on a per country basis

network_id NIT

transport_stream_id PAT Identifies uniquely an TS within an “original” DVB network

service_id PMT Identifies a DVB service

component_tag Identifier for a component of a DVB service

PID PAT/PMT Identifier for component_tag

Platform_id INT identifies an IP platform

IP source/destination address INT Identifies a single IP stream

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