DAFTAR OBAT AMAN DAN BERBAHAYA UNTUK IBU HAMIL DAN MENYUSUI

ANALGETIK

Nama Obat Risiko Kehamilan Risiko Menyusui

Acetaminophen (Tylenol) B L1

Aspirin C (1st, 2nd trim.)

D (3rd trim.)

L3

Azapropazone (Rheumox)-

L2

Butalbital (Fioricet, Fiorinal,

Bancap, Two-dyne)

D L3

Butorphanol  (Stadol) B (1st, 2nd trim.)

D (3rd trim.)

L3

Celecoxib (Celebrex)) C L2

Codeine (in Tylenol #3, #4) C L3

Colchicine D L4

Diclofenac (Cataflam, Voltaren) B L2

Fentanyl  (Sublimaze) B L2

Flurbiprofen (Ansaid, Froben,

Ocufen)

B (1st, 2nd trim.)

C (3rd trim.)

L2

Hydrocodone (Lortab, Vicodin) B L3

Hydromorphone(Dilaudid) C L3

Ibuprofen (Advil, Nuprin, Motrin,

Pediaprofen)

B (1st, 2nd trim.)

D (3rd trim.)

L1

Indomethacin (Indocin) B (1st, 2nd trim.)

D (3rd trim.)

L3

Ketorolac (Toradol, Acular) B (1st, 2nd trim.)

D (3rd trim.)

L2

Meperidine (Demerol) B L2;

L3 early postpartum

Methadone (Dolophine) B L3

Morphine (Duramorph, Infumorph,

Epimorph, MS Contin)

B L3

Nalbuphine (Nubain) B L2

Naproxen (Anaprox, Naprosyn,

Naproxen, Aleve)

B L3;

L4 for chronic use

Nefopam (Acupan)- NR

Oxycodone (Tylox,

Percodan,Oxycontin, Roxicet,

Endocet, Roxiprin, Percocet)

B L3

Pentosan polysulfate(Elmiron) B L2

Piroxicam (Feldene) B L2

Propoxyphene(Darvocet N,

Propacet, Darvon)

C L2

Secobarbital (Seconal) D L3

Tolmetin (Tolectin) C L3

Tramadol HCL(Ultram, Ultracet) C L3

Butorphanol B (1st, 2nd trim.)

D (3rd trim.)

L3

Codeine C L3

Fentanyl B L2

Meperidine B L2

L3 (if used early postpartum)

Methadone B L3

Morphine B L3

Propoxyphene C L2

Antibiotik

Nama Generik Kategori Risiko

Kehamilan

Risiko Menyusui

Amoxicillin B L1

Aztreonam B L2

Cefadroxil B L1

Cefazolin B L1

Cefotaxime B L2

Cefoxitin B L1

Cefprozil C L1

Ceftazidime B L1

Ceftriaxone B L2

Ciprofloxacin C L3

Clindamycin B L3

Erythromycin B L1

L3 early postnatal

Fleroxacin- NR

Gentamicin C L2

Kanamycin D L2

Moxalactam- NR

Nitrofurantoin B L2

Ofloxacin C L2

Penicillin B L1

Streptomycin D L3

Sulbactam- NR

Sulfisoxazole C L2

Tetracycline D L2

Ticarcillin B L1

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole C L3

** Per Medications’ and Mothers’ Milk by Thomas Hale, PhD (2004 edition).

 Lactation Risk Categories  Pregnancy Risk Categories

L1 (safest)

L2 (safer)

L3 (moderately safe)

L4 (possibly hazardous)

L5 (contraindicated)

A (controlled studies show no risk)

B (no evidence of risk in humans)

C (risk cannot be ruled out)

D (positive evidence of risk)

X (contraindicated in pregnancy)

NR: Not Reviewed. This drug has not yet been reviewed by Hale.

*  Per the AAP Policy Statement The Transfer of Drugs and Other Chemicals Into Human Milk,

revised September 2001.

Approved: (Table 6) Maternal Medication Usually Compatible With Breastfeeding

Concern: (Table 4) Drugs for Which the Effect on Nursing Infants Is Unknown but May

Be of Concern

Caution: (Table 5) Drugs That Have Been Associated With Significant Effects on Some

Nursing Infants and Should Be Given to Nursing Mothers With Caution

NR: Not Reviewed. This drug has not yet been reviewed by the AAP.

** Per Medications’ and Mothers’ Milk by Thomas Hale, PhD (2004 edition).