daffodil (distributed agents for user-friendly access of ... · distributed agents for...

1

Distributed Agents for User-Friendly Access of Digital Libraries

DAFFODIL(Distributed Agents for User-Friendly

Access of Digital Libraries)The Underlying Concepts

Norbert Fuhr

University of Dortmund,

Germany

2


Daffodil concepts

• Strategic information access support• Levels of system support• Digital library life cycle• Collaboration• User-friendly integrated desktop

3


1. Strategic information access support

Levels of search activities (Bates 1990): 2. Move: Low-level search function

(e.g. type in search term, view retrieved document)

3. Tactic: several moves to further a search(e.g. broaden/narrow a query)

4. Stratagem: set of actions on a single domain(citation database, tables of contents of journals)

5. Strategy: complete plan for satisfying an information need

(e.g. subject search, browse relevant journals, find referenced articles)

4


System architecture

Strategic support in 4 layers

Federated digital libraries of different types

User-Interface

Strategies

Tactics

Moves

Stratagems

DLDLDL

Moves – Tactics – Stratagems – Strategies – GUI

5


Moves

Distributed search of data from different Digital Libraries & Web sourcesProvide homogenous access to data and functionsOver 10 sources accessed

User-Interface

Strategies

Tactics

Moves

Stratagems

DLDLDL


6


Resultlist


7


Combined detail view


Attributes

Links

internal

external

XML

8


Tactics

User-Interface

Strategies

Tactics

Moves

Stratagems

DLDLDL

Combine services

Speed up search

Redefine query


9


Coauthors


10


Stratagems

Cover an information domain

Combine all retrieved information & links

User-Interface

Strategies

Tactics

Moves

Stratagems

DLDLDL


11


Stratagems on the Desktop

– Subject Search– Author networks– Citation Search– Journal/Conference Run

12


Author network based stratagems:

1. Author network browse

2. Ranking a document result set using author centrality

Author Networks

Croft

Fox

Heath

DaoudChen

France

WeaverIngwersen

Fidel

Sharan

Salton

VoorheesWu Allan Buckley

Yu

LamBergmark

Ide

Fuhr

Pfeifer

Gövert

Rölleke

Callan

Brown

Moss

Turtle Lewis

Kuhlen

Oren

BruandetBelkin

Cool Thiel

Stein5

77

7

1010

12

12 9

DL A

DL B DL C

13


Citation Search: Reference Tracking A relevant document is

dragged to the tool for citation tracking

Documents that cite or are cited are retrieved

Browsing, Inspection and Navigaton

Drag and Drop

Can be performed iteratively

14


Conference browser


Search & Browse

Easy navigation

Caching

15


Strategy

Complex plan to fullfill a specific task

User-Interface

Strategies

Tactics

Moves

Stratagems

DLDLDL


16


2. Levels of system support

0. Rigid system behavior• Adaptive system• Proactive system

17


Adaptivity

1. Agents collect informationLibrary agents: content and technical aspects of connected DLsUser agents: behavior of single users/user group

2. Agents change system behavior based on collected info

Library agents: select preferred DLs,…User agents: offer preferred functions,…

18


Adaptive search activities

adaptive knowledge

adaptive moves

adaptive tactics

adaptive stratagems

adaptive strategiesuser in

terface

DL DL DL...

strategies

tactics

moves

stratagems

internet

Daffodil

19


Architecture

DL DL DL...

daffodil user interface

wrapper wrapper wrapper

user agentbasic adaptive

services

20


Proactivity

Agents act without explicit invocation

Implemented as event-condition-action rules– E.g. when query result is empty, broaden

query– E.g. when result contains multiple articles

from a conference, open conference browser

21


3. Digital library life cycle

Discover

Retrieve

CollateInterprete

Re-Present

(Paepcke 96)

22


Collate

Save all digital objects in a structured personal digital library

Awareness: – Keep an eye on my topics

Discover – Retrieve – Collate – Interprete – Re-Present

23


Collate

Personal library:Store Objects

• Documents• Authors• Journals, Conferences• Articles, Books• Hyperlinks, Bookmarks• Query formulations ...

24


Personal Library

25


Interpret

Annotations to DL objects

Creation of links between DL objects


26


Re-Present

(support generation of new information)

Export folders from personal library


27


Private

Group

Private

Public

Group

Private

4. Collaboration


Discover

Retrieve

CollateInterpret

Re-Present

28



New objects(by other users/

due to profile)

Notification mechanisms(visual markers/

email)

Collation and awareness

29


Collaborate interpretation

Discussion threads

Rating of objects

30


Annotation threads


31


Recommendation

Recommended digital objects through collaboration: – What do others have for me? – Who are the others?– How did others search?


32


Recommendation: Path model

User leaves traces; DAFFODIL monitors– User actions– Attributes of documents or digital objects viewed

(within context)

3 different ways to guide the user – System-given paths (static)– User-defined paths (macro)– System-adapted paths (dynamic)

• learned from one user • or all users

33


Path model

User action

Current positionin path

Possible pathsto go

34


User-friendly integrated desktop

Integrate distributed services and software agents in consistent manner

Provide tool chains to enable users to combine services

Ensure flexible workflow with free choice of starting point

Hide complexity

35


Desktop


36


Search Search Domain

Specification

Filter Settings and Query Composition

Integrated Result Lists with Draggable Objects

Navigation

Detail Inspection

37


Citation Search A relevant document is

dragged to the tool for citation tracking

Documents that cite or are cited are retrieved

Browsing, Inspection and Navigaton

Drag and Drop

Can be performed iteratively

38


Conclusions

Daffodil concepts1. Strategic information access support

2. Levels of system support

3. Digital library life cycle

4. Collaboration

5. User-friendly integrated desktop

Try Daffodil: http://www.daffodil.de