DOMAINS ARCHAE & EUKARYAKINGDOMS ARCHAEBACTERIA & EUBACTERIAPacket #65

Chapter #27

KINGDOM ARCHAEBACTERIA “archae” means ancient

Extremely old group These bacteria survive in extreme

environments

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CHARACTERISTICS

Microscopic, autotrophic unicellular prokaryotes

Peptidoglycan absent from cell walls Reproduce asexually

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KINGDOM ARCHAEBACTERIA III

ChemoautotrophsMethanogens

Anaerobes that inhabit sewage, swamps and animal digestive tracts

Live in the deep areas of the ocean where there is no sunlight

Thermophiles Inhabit hot, sometimes acidic environments

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KINGDOM ARACHEBACTERIA Photoautotrophs

Halophiles Live in some of the most extreme conditions

Great Salt Lake (Utah) Dead Sea Salt content is extremely high in these bodies of

water

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KINGDOM EUBACTERIA

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KINGDOM EUBACTERIA

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Known as the “disease causing agents”Only a few of

these organisms actually cause diseases

CHARACTERISTICS

Microscopic, unicellular prokaryotes Cell walls generally composed of

peptidoglycan Autotrophs or hetereotrophs Aerobic or anaerobic May have flagella for movement

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ECOLOGICAL ROLE

Most are decomposers Some are parasitic and pathogenic Important in recycling nitrogen and other

elements Used in industrial processes

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EXAMPLES

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Rickettsias Carried by ticks, fleas

or flies Causes Rocky

Mountain Spotted Fever

EXAMPLES

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Cyanobacteria Converts Nitrogen

gas into ammonia, nitrates or nitrites Part of the Nitrogen

Cycle Found in the rice

patties of Asia (where rice is grown) Rice feeds 75% of the

human population Some species

produce toxins dangerous to humans

CLOSTRIDIA Clostridia

Clostridium tetani Causes tetnus

Clostridium perfringens Causes gas gangrene Causes food poisoning

A spore-forming, toxin-producing bacterium that can contaminate meat left at room temperature. The ingested cells release toxin in the digestive tract, resulting in cramps and diarrhea

Clostridium botulinum Causes botulism Used in botox injections

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CLOSTRIDUM PERFRINGENS

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