cytoskeleton · 9/7/2011 · ap biology cytoskeleton function structural support maintains shape...
TRANSCRIPT
AP Biology
CYTOSKELETON
AP Biology
Cells gotta work to live! What jobs do cells have to do?
make proteins
proteins control every
cell function
make energy
for daily life
for growth
make more cells
growth
repair
renewal
AP Biology 2007-
2008
Making New Cells
AP Biology
Cytoskeleton
Function
structural support maintains shape of cell
provides anchorage for organelles
protein fibers
microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules
motility cell locomotion
cilia, flagella, etc.
regulation
organizes structures
& activities of cell
AP Biology
Microtubules, Microfilaments, and
Intermediate Filamentshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x2ElL2VVKi8&feature=related
Summarize in a table.
AP Biology
CytoskeletonMicrotubules: tubes composed of spiraling tubulin
in two-part subunits.
Function: shape & support
chromosome movement (centriole, spindle fibers)
movement of organelles (serve as tracks)
movement of cellular appendages (cilia, flagella)
“highways” along which the organelles travel Microtubule roads are dynamic. Assembled at one end
while being disassembled at the other.
Microfilaments: twisted double chain of actin subunits
Function: to bear tension,
resists pulling tensions within cell
(prevents cell from collapsing)
motility (cell movement) and shape,
and simply holding the cell together.
Intermediate Filaments: interwoven, rope-strands
built from a family of proteins
called keratins.
Function: Strength, maintain shape, fix organelle location.
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microfilament (actin)
microtubule (tubulin)
nuclei
Cytoskeleton
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Cytoskeleton
Intermediate filaments
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Microtubules
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Centrioles Cell division
in animal cells, a pair of centriolesorganize microtubules
spindle fibers
Microtubules guide chromosomes in mitosisand keep the cell from collapsing
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VGV3fv-uZYI
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Centriole
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Cilia & Flagella – composed of microtubules
“9 + 2” tubulin pattern
(9 outer doublets, 2 microtubules in center)
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Cilia & Flagella – composed of microtubules
“9 + 2” tubulin pattern
(9 outer doublets, 2 microtubules in center)
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MovementCilia & Flagella differ in their beating patterns.
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Microfilaments
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ch3izZOUjDs
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Microfilaments
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Intermediate Filaments
primary role is to provide
physical strength to cells and
tissues
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Summary http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-bDg4gMYpsI&feature=related
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Cell Wall
Maintains shape and size of plant cell;
prevents enlargement.
Animal cells lack a cell wall,
but have cytoskeleton and…
Plays important roles in the absorption,
transport and secretion of substances.
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Extracellular Matrix (ECM)
adhesion
movement
regulation
support
Major components: glycoproteins secreted by the cells;
Collagen – most abundant glycoprotein in ECM
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Extracellular Matrix Connects intra- and extra-cellular environments