Cyberjaya, Malaysia, 29 June – 1 July 2010

Implementation of IPTV Content Delivery network and NG-CD Technology

Yeong-il Seo,Director

KT Network R&D Lab

ITU-T Workshop on Bridging the Standardization Gapand Interactive Training Session

(Cyberjaya, Malaysia, 29 June – 1 July 2010 )

Cyberjaya, Malaysia, 29 June – 1 July 2010 2

Contents

IPTV Content Delivery modelMulticast deployment issues for IPTVMulticast VPN for IPTVP2P as Content Delivery technologyP4P introduction as NG-CD

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IPTV Content Delivery model

Native IP Multicast model

•High Available, QoS

guaranteed, Secure, Stable

IPTV multicast network

Alternative Multicast

(Unicast) model

•Server based•CDN based•P2P based

Hybrid Model

•Native IP multicast + Alternative multicast

•Overlay multicast

IPTV Content Delivery Model

Next Generation Content Delivery

Model ?

+ +

Main: real time broadcast

channel service

Main : VoD Real time broadcast channel

+ VoD

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IPTV CD network architecture

IX, overseas, IDCIPTV

internet

IPTVHeadEnd CenterSmall Aggregation

SW (L3)

Big aggregationswitch

Customer side access BB

APT

HeadEnd

HE router

HE router

IGMPv2 PIM-SM MSDP

CO

EdgeSiSi Advance

d IP BB

VoD(Hot

source)

SiSi

VoD

mcast

layer features

HE center/

VoD server farm

ㅇ Bi-directional IPTV service, PPV service, Data broadcast service, VOD service, T-Internet/ T-Communication service

BB

(IP Premium)ㅇ Guarantee of Real time broadcast service stability : QoS guarantee, HA for Multicast network, Stable multicast routing, OAM, Multicast Security

Access

(aggregation SW)

ㅇ IP address assignment and authentication ㅇ Multicast features & QoS enabled

Small L3 ㅇ Last mile device for PIM-SM/IGMP, QoS enabled

STB ㅇ IPTV data decoding, IGMP, VoD(D&P or Streaming), SD/HD, H.264/MPEG2/WMT

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IPTV CD network requirement for implementation

Advanced IP network technology in converged IP networkHigh Quality TPS, especially PSTN emulation service over IPHigh Quality IPTV service with stable IP multicast technologyWibro serviceMulticast VPN, Managed VPN, Managed L/L for enterprise customer

Which advanced IP network technology are needed ?

One Network, Multi Services!

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IPTV CD network deployment issue

Design considerations for IPTV multicastAddressHigh availabilityQoSSecurityMulticast Topology

Multicast Addressing issuesIANA allocation of class D address http://www.iana.org/assignments/multicast-addressesFor interoperable multicast channels, Should use ‘GLOP’ address.Globally routed private address : 233/8

How to use? : 233.16bit official AS #.0/24Ex) KORNET Case (AS number 4766) : 233.18.158.0/24, Other AS number 5662 case : 233.22.30.0/24

Site-local address : 239/8

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Design considerations for IPTV multicast : HA

Why HA ?

Which HA features?Multicast Traffic ready condition for whole PIM links

The Use of Static IGMP Join, No service interruption from Link/Node failure

No service interruption from PIM neighbor cutoffFully redundant system architecture & topologyRobust network against Any DoS attacksISSUQoS : Perfect provisioning, Diffserv for IPTV traffic and monitoring

* Source: University of Michigan

32%32%

9%9%

23%23%

36%36% Time to Recover from

Layer1 failure Congestion

Software Upgrade Hardware Upgrade Configuration

Errors

Software failures Hardware failures DOS Attacks

Link FailureLink Failure

Other UnknownOther Unknown

Router FailuresRouter Failures

Router OperationsRouter Operations

Congestion: Congestion:

5%5%

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Design considerations for IPTV multicast : Security

Multicast securityCritical issue for multicast networkRP security

RP : Group range filtering For example, except approved GLOP address for KT IPTV service (: 233.18.158.0/24), whole other group range should be filtered in RP.

PIM register message filtering : only approved source can register to RPMSDP SA filter : Limitation for SA information per MDSP peer, per source, per instance

PIM router securityMulticast Route limit

To protect network against any kind of Worm attack via multicast routing update

BSR message filtering PIM authentication among each neighborsTCP/ICMP message filtering for 224/4

Because only UDP traffic around 224/4 is used for IPTV service

Last mile PIM routerFiltering all multicast traffic except approved IGMP join messages

; Protection against multicast source spoofing

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Design considerations for IPTV multicast : TopologyMulticast Topology

Optimal RP positioning ?RP position vs. Multicast traffic delay ?RP position vs. Multicast Stability ?Loop free, Delay/Jitter independent, stability guarantee topologyOptimal position to exchange SA information amongst multicast service providerTree topology case like KT, Best test result : HE=RP

Optimal RP redundancy ?Dynamic RP vs. Anycast RP

Multicast Traffic Load balancing issueBased on source IP, channels

IX, overseas, IDCIPTV

internet

IPTVHeadEnd CenterSmall Aggregation

SW (L3)

Big aggregationswitch

Customer side access BB

APT

HeadEnd

HE router

HE router

IGMPv2 PIM- SM MSDP

CO

EdgeSiSi Advanced

IP BB

VoD(Hot source)

SiSi

VoD

mcast

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Multicast VPN for IPTV & case study

With multicast VPNBidirectional e-learning/internal broadcasting service for VPN customer

Customized Advertisement service for Bank/Hospital/Gas station/Fast-food chain store/Department store/Government agency etc.

MPLS L3 VPN(Premium BB)

Per VRFMDT

CE

CE

CE VPE

VPE

VPE

* MDT : Multicast Distribution tree

MPLS L3VPN caseUsually, Metro Ethernet, TDM access

line

MPLS Label binding for multicast traffic is Not available.

With GRE, multicast traffic can be transmitted through each VRF’s MDT.

X4Biz(IPSec VPN) caseUsually, xDSL access line

Also, IPSec cannot handle multicast traffic.

With GRE, multicast traffic can be transmitted through each IPSec tunnel.

GRE over IPSec Multicast over IPSec VPN

MPLSL3 VPN

VPN AmVPN

고객본사

mVPN고객지사

일반X4Biz지사

InternetVPEVPEIPSec

Aggregator

VPEVPE

MPLS VRF

mVPN고객지사

Per VRFMDT

* VPE : VPN Edge router

* PE : Premium Edge router

PE

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P2P Trends as Content DeliveryExplosive increase of P2P traffic in ISP BB

Good technology, but not so good impact on modern societyInfringement of copyright : Free sharing of music & movie titlesWith P2P, Kids can easily access to pornographic/violent movies.

P2P must be a major menace to TelcoExplosive increase of P2P traffic force ISP’s CAPEX/OPEX increase.P2P based IPTV, SoIP, CDN

User % Traffic rate

1% 27%

5% 49%

10% 63%

20% 80%

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Why Heavy User traffic increase ?

HTTP, FTPe-mail

HTTP

100 Mbps shared Link

P2P

HTTP

100 Mbps shared LinkHost A

Host B

Host A

Host B

Why Heavy User traffic increase ? : Multi-flow unfairness issueTCP fairness issue : In current IP network, Same Bandwidth per each TCP flow

Each flow’s BW= 1/total flow

By exploiting ‘TCP fairness issue’, such as P2P application, Host, who is using P2P application, can generate bulk TCP flows and can monopolize

bandwidth usage in some specific congested link.

Lifetime of P2P session is maintained until each file transfer is complete (minutes~hours), it can make normal users slowdown

P2P over UDP case UDP traffic injection in congested link TCP traffic : more serious

performance degradation

More serious concern, a matter of time, go on increasing

Related article : http://www.theregister.co.uk/2008/12/01/richard_bennett_utorrent_udp/

“BitTorrent declares war on VoIP, gamers!”

Gamers, VoIP and video conference users beware. The leading BitTorrent software authors have declared war on you ~~~~~~~the developers of the uTorrent P2P application have decided to make the UDP protocol the default transport protocol for file transfers.

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Impact & Menace of P2P technology as CD on Telco’s business

Low-cost P2P based CDN solution Low price broadband subscriber line with P2P CDN solution Sales Loss of Telco IDC

Big Menace to Telco’s TPSP2P based free/low cost SoIP solution, P2P over Wifi/Wibro/LTE

Emergence of P2P based low cost/free VoIP solution such as Skype(out) Collapse of PSTN overseas call market, menace to Telco SoIP marketP2P based low cost VoIP solution over wireless/mobile internet access menace to cellular communication marketWifi Direct, Wifi P2P direct P2P communication amongst Wifi terminal which has AP capability

P2P based IPTVIn CAPEX/OPEX perspective, by using of P2P based IPTV solution, Portal/OTT can have ‘cost competitive advantage’ comparing with Telco case.

Easy free riding of Telco network, not necessary to deploy total IPTV network/server

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cf. P2P based content delivery solution

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P4P introduction as NG-CDP4P (Proactive network Provider Participation for P2P)

Definition : Framework for ISP and P2P application to collaborate for the optimization of peer-to-peer connections

Why P4P ?“Close & Optimal” peer selection for the performance increase of P2P applicationWith P2P traffic localization, increase of ISP’s network efficiency and save of ISP CAPEX/OPEX

Edge Network

Regional Routers

Internet Transit

Traditional CDN P2P

More Viewers =Better performance

Lower cost

More Viewers =Worse performance

Higher cost

P2P with P4P

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P4P introduction as NG-CD

P4P componentiTracker (ISP Portal Service)

From ISP’s Network information iTacker is providing ‘optimal path and topology information’ to pTracker

pTracker (Application Tracker, AppTracker)Interworking with iTracker,

pTracker is providing ‘optimal peer information’ to each P2P application

Case studyComcast case (draft-livingood-woundy-p4p-experiences-02)

Application download performance increaseOverall P2P download performance : 15% increase

Comcast internal P2P download performance : 50% ~ 80% increase

P2P traffic localization effectUpload traffic : 34% decrease

Download traffic : 80% decrease

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IETF trend for NG-CD

ALTO information export serviceP2P application service delivery optimization Application Level Traffic Optimization

P4P:Provider Portal for P2P Applications)P2P traffic localization effectApplication download performance increase

NG-CD based on Routing ProximityBest path for content routing by using of ISP network information

Routing info, BW info, Performance info from RTT/one-way delay

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Q & A

Q & AHow to contact speaker?

Tel : +82-42-870-8333E-mail : syi1@kt.comSkype ID : syi101