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Curs 5-6Iluminat interiorParte teoretica

23 – 30 martie 2020

Luminous flux -

Definition: quantity derived from radiant flux Φe by evaluting the radiation

according to its action upon the CIE standard photometric observer.

Formula: = kme, V() d

where V() – is the spectral luminous efficiency function,

km – photometric equivalent, km = 683 lm/W,

e, - radiant flux [W/lm]

Unit: lumen [lm]

Luminous intensity - I

Definition: quotient of the luminous flux dΦ

leaving the source and propagated in the

element of solid angle dΩ containing the

given direction, by the element of solid angle.

Formula: I = d / d

Unit: candela [cd]0°

30°30°

60°60°

90° 90°

120° 120°

150° 150°

180°

60120180

cd/klm C270 | C90

C180 | C0

Illuminance - E

Definition: quotient of the luminous flux dΦ incident on an element of the

surface containing the point, by the area dΑ of that element.

Formula: E = d/dA

Unit: lux [lx]

Measurement equipment: Luxmeter

Lambert law

2r

icosIE

=

Influence of illuminance on visual performance

and visual comfort performance and visual

comfort

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Illuminance, lx

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Luminance - LDefinition: Ratio between Luminous intensity dI in a given

direction and the area of a section of that beam containing

the given point.

Formula: L = dI / dA cos

Unit: candela per square meter [cd/m2]

Measure equipment: Luminacemeter

Luminous efficacy-

Definition: Ratio between total luminous flux from a lamp and total electric

power P used by the lamp and auxiliarry equipment.

Formula: = /P

Unit: [lm/W]

Shades of white light: Color Temperature range

Colour temperature Tc in Kelvin (K)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Color_temp2.png

Color temperature and color rendering

1

3

5

7

9

11

13

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

CIE test samples

Color rendering index

Rendering on a continuous spectrum

Color rendering index

Rendering with monochromatic yellow

(sodium lamps)

Lamp code

Lamp T26 36W/830

First number comes from color rendering index Ra

• 5 means Ra=50-80

• 8 means Ra=80-90

• 9 means Ra>=90

Last two numbers comes from color temperature:

• 27 means Tc=2700 K, warm white (incandescence)

• 30 means Tc=3000 K, warm white (halogen)

• 40 means Tc=4000 K, neutral white

• 65 means TC=6500 K, coolwhite

Lamp codeLamp T26 36W/830

Clasification

Protection index for dust and water (IP)Protection against:

• fingers or dust

• water IP20

1. Digit

Dust

2. Digit

Water

Dorin BEU

Energy Usage of Lighting❑ In 2015 the electricity consumed by lighting was 2 850 TWh worldwide, about 19 % of the total global

electricity consumption.

❑ Carbon dioxide emissions (Lighting) were 1775 million tonnes, of which approximately 511 million

tonnes in IEA member countries

❑ Lighting electricity use ranges from 5 % to 15 % in industrialized countries, up to 86 % in developing

countries of the total electricity use

❑ Global lighting electricity use is distributed: 28 % residential, 48% service, 16 % industrial, 8 % street

and other lighting

❑ More than one-quarter of world’s population uses liquid fuel (kerosene) to provide lighting

Dorin BEU

EU Energy Usage of Lighting❑ For residential sector electric energy consumption, lighting represents

around 10.2%

❑ For tertiary electric energy consumption, office lighting represents

around 21.57% [TIC2007]

❑ For tertiary electric energy consumption, street lighting represents

around 4.73%

Dorin BEU

LED technology: What is a LED?• A LED (light-emitting diodes in English, meaning light-emitting diode) is a

semiconductor diode that emits light when a positive charge and negative

recombine

Dorin BEU

LED: blue issue

Dorin BEU

Advantages of LEDs• Great potential for energy savings

• Very low maintenance costs

• Solid and sustainable technology

• directionality of light

• Colors are more saturated in LED light

• Dynamics light by:

- Beam adjustmentcolor dynamicsDynamics of color temperature (warm white light / neutral / cold)applications strobe

• miniaturizationPotential to develop unique solutions lightingPotential for radiation Infra-Red and Ultra-Violet

Dorin BEU

Disadvantages of LEDs

• New technology

• Drivers problems

• Lack of standards

• Lack of omnidirectional solutions

• Luminous flux depends on ambient

temperature (LEDs work excellent on low

temperature)

1st LED generation - novelty

-More color LED lighting-Saturated colours-Few white LEDs-Extremely expensive

2nd LED generation – great expectactions

-First application of white LEDs-Cold color temperatures 6500K-Former fluorescent luminairestransformed on LED ones-Problems with uniformity, UGR-ROI a big issue-Solutions delivered by electronist

2nd LED generation – great expectactions

3rd LED generation – retrofit-Retrofit solutions for fluorescent lamps-XLL fluorscent lamps-Low efficacy

4th LED generation – business as usual

-Projects that fulfill EN 12464, 13201 and 1838 recommendations-LED lamps cheaper than CFLs

Open plan office


• Continous narrow rows• Em average Em=500lx• Uniformity: Emin/Em>0.6• Glare control, UGR< 16• DALI control

Dialux calculation


VIII. LED Konferencia Budapest, 2017 február 7-8

Atrium lighting• Outline lighting as smooth as possible• 40 suspended • Lighting level Em=100lx• Ra>80• Glare control, UGR< 22• DALI control

Maia

Energolux Modul 1:1

Request:

Offered solution:


3. Emergency lighting- Simulation

Request:

• EN 1838• Em>1lx -Exit routes• Em>0.5lx-Antipanic

light• Maintenance according

to EN 50172


Escape route lighting• Emin>1lx

Antiipanic lighting• Emin>0.5lx

Resclite Escape

Resclite Antipanic


1.Open space (working plane) lighting

• Continous narrow rows• Em average Em=500lx• Uniformity: Emin/Em>0.6• Glare control, UGR< 16• DALI controlA round shaped suspended luminary

introduced in the „Cut Off” ceiling ”

Mirel Modular

Orbis

Architectural design

Dialux simulation

Request:

Offered solution:


4. Parking lighting • Em>75lx• Policarbonate, transparent

difuser• DALI control• Suspention onto uneven

surface• Antiglare controlled with

rasterCOSMO LED LAM 27W

Request:


5.Facade lighting

Without barndoors

With barndoors

FASADE 89

• Protection: IP 65• LED Fitted with lens.• Light distribution on 90-270°-axes < 10°• DALI control

FASADE 89

Request:

Solution:

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