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CURRICULUM VITAE

BAREND JACOBUS (BEN) MARAIS

NATIONALITY: SOUTH AFRICAN

PERMANENT RESIDENT AUSTRALIA

NSW driver’s license: 2024765149

PASSPORT NO: M00024425

RESIDENCY VISA: CH030416 (subclass 124)

DATE OF BIRTH: 28 FEBRUARY 1970

AHPRA (Australia) MED0001647826

HPC (SA) MP0430579

GMC (UK) 4242639

BIG (Netherlands) 69054213501

MARRIED: KAREN EDITH MARAIS (nee FRIEMELT)

CHILDREN: RICHARD CARL MARAIS (29/03/2000)

JACOBUS MARTHINUS MARAIS (29/05/2002)

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EMPLOYMENT RECORD Current Appointment From 01/07/2011 Associate Professor, Sydney Institute for Emerging Infectious

Diseases and Biosecurity (SEIB) and Clinical School, The Children‟s Hospital Westmead, University of Sydney, Australia

Extraordinary Professor – Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Health Sciences Faculty, Stellenbosch University, SA

Prior appointments 01/02/11-30/06/2011 Academic fellow, Clinical School, The Children‟s Hospital at

Westmead, Australia

01/03/10–31/01/2011 Professor – Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Health Sciences Faculty, Stellenbosch University, South Africa Principal consultant paediatrician, Tygerberg hospital Infectious Diseases sub-specialist

01/01/09-28/02/2010 Associate Professor – Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, South Africa Principal consultant paediatrician, Tygerberg hospital

01/01/07-31/12/2008 Acting Director, Ukwanda Centre for Rural Health &

Associate Professor – Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, South Africa Senior consultant paediatrician, Tygerberg hospital

01/01/06-31/12/2006 Research Director, Ukwanda Centre for Rural Health, Stellenbosch University, South Africa Associate Professor – Child TB research coordinator, Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Stellenbosch University, SA Consultant paediatrician, Tygerberg and Karl Bremer hospitals

01/01/03-31/12/2005 Ph.D student, Desmond Tutu TB Centre, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa Consultant paediatrician at Tygerberg and Karl Bremer hospitals Health 24 - on-line Paediatric Expert

01/07/01-31/12/2002 Senior Registrar Paediatrics, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Children‟s Hospital, South Africa

01/01/01-30/06/2001 Exchange Registrar Paediatrics, Utrecht University, Wilhelmina Children‟s Hospital, Netherlands

01/07/98-31/12/2000 Registrar Paediatrics, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Children‟s Hospital, South Africa

01/01/98-31/05/1998 General Practitioner Kindersley, Saskatchewan, Canada

06/07/96-08/08/1997 Senior SHO Paediatrics and Neonatology St. Mary‟s Hospital, Isle of Wight, UK

04/02/96-05/07/1996 SHO Paediatrics St. Mary‟s Hospital, Isle of Wight, UK

01/01/95-31/12/1995 Internship George Provincial Hospital, South Africa Sabbatical 01/08/08-31/12/08 NIH Pediatric Infectious Diseases Training fellowship, Denver

Children‟s Hospital, Colorado, USA

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ACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONS

FRACP (Paed) Royal Australian College of Physicians (F12845) - 2012

Post-grad Dipl Infect Dis London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine - 2010

PhD University of Stellenbosch, South Africa - 2006

MMed (Paed) University of Stellenbosch, South Africa - 2002

FCP (Paed) College of Medicine of South Africa - 2000

MRCP (Paed) Royal College of Physicians United Kingdom (Edinburgh) - 1997

MBChB University of Stellenbosch, South Africa - 1994

BMedSc University of Stellenbosch, South Africa - 1991

PUBLICATION RECORD Review articles in peer reviewed journals Seddon J, Schaaf HS, Furin JF, Marais BJ, Tebruegge M, Detjen A, Hesseling AC, Perez-Velez CM, Shah S, Adams L, Starke JR, Becerra MC, Swaminathan S. Consensus statement on research definitions for drug-resistant tuberculosis in children. Ped Infect Dis Soc J 2012; Submitted

Marais BJ, Schaaf HS, Menzies D. Prevention of tuberculosis in areas of high incidence. Eur Resp Monograph 2012; In press

Perez-Velez CM, Marais BJ. Tuberculosis in children: a brief overview of principles and practice. N Engl J Med 2012: 367: 348-61

Al-Dabbagh M, van den Driessche K, Marais BJ, Kollmann TR. Management of multidrug resistant tuberculosis in children. Eur Infect Dis 2012; 6: 35-40

Raviglione M, Marais B, Floyd K, Lönnroth K, Getahun H, Migliori GB, Harries AD, Nunn P, Lienhardt C, Graham S, Chakaya J, Weyer K, Cole S, Kaufmann SHE, Zumla A. Scaling up of interventions to achieve global tuberculosis control: progress, new developments and update 2012: 379: 1902-13

Zumla A, Abubakar I, Raviglione M, Ditiu L, Hoelscher M, Mchugh TD, Squire SB, Cox H, Ford N, McNerney R, Marais B, Grobusch M, Lawn S, Migliori GB, Mwaba P, O‟Grady J, Pletschette M, Ramsay A, Chakaya J, Schito M, Swaminathan S, Memish Z, Maeurer M, Atun R. Drug resistant TB – current dilemmas, unanswered questions, challenges and priority needs. J Infect Dis 2012; 205: S228-40

McNerney R, Maeurer M, Weyer K, Marais B, Ford N, Casenghi M, Cox H, Lawn S, Memish Z, Grobusch M, Squire B, Chakaya J, Mchugh T, Migliori GB, Mwaba P, Zinejah L, Pletschette M, Swaminathan S, Kim P, Schito M. O‟Grady J, Bates M, Schwanck S, Abubakar I, Atun R, Zumla A. Tuberculosis Diagnostics and Biomarkers: needs, challenges, recent advances and opportunities. J Infect Dis 2012; 205: S147-58

Cuevas LE, Ahmed T, Amanullah F, Browning R, Cardenas V, Casenghi M, Gale M, Graham SM, Gie RP, Grzemska M, Handelsman E, Hatherill M, Hesseling AC, Jean-Philippe P, Kampmann B, Kabra SK, Lienhardt C, Lighter-Fisher J, Madhi S, Makhene M, Marais BJ, McNeeley DF, Menzies H, Mitchell C, Modi S, Mofenson L, Musoke P, Nachman S, Powell C, Rigaud M, Rouzier V, Starke JR, Swaminathan S, Wingfield C. Evaluation of TB diagnostics in children: Methodological issues for conducting and reporting research evaluations of TB diagnostics for intrathoracic tuberculosis in children. Consensus from an expert panel. J Infect Dis 2012; 205: S209-215

Graham SM, Ahmed T, Amanullah F, Browning R, Cardenas V, Casenghi M, Cuevas LE, Gale M, Gie RP, Grzemska M, Handelsman E, Hatherill M, Hesseling AC, Jean-Philippe P, Kampmann B, Kabra SK, Lienhardt C, Lighter-Fisher J, Madhi S, Makhene M, Marais BJ, McNeeley DF, Menzies H, Mitchell C, Modi S, Mofenson L, Musoke P, Nachman S, Powell C, Rigaud M, Rouzier V, Starke JR, Swaminathan S, Wingfield C. Evaluation of TB diagnostics

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in children: Proposed clinical case definitions for classification of intrathoracic tuberculosis disease. Consensus from an expert panel. J Infect Dis 2012; 205: 199-208

Hatherill M, Verver S, Mahomed H; the Taskforce on Clinical Research Issues, Stop TB Partnership Working Group on TB Vaccines. Consensus Statement on Diagnostic End Points for Infant Tuberculosis Vaccine Trials. Clin Infect Dis. 2012; 54: 493-501

Seddon J, Hesseling AC, Marais BJ, Peloquin C, McIlleron H, Donald PR, Schaaf HS. Paediatric use of second-line anti-tuberculosis agents: a review. Tuberculosis 2012; 92: 9-17

Obihara CC, Marais BJ, Detjen AK, van Furth AM. A brief overview of mycobacterial diseases in children. Eur J Infect Dis 2011; 5: 102-111

Marais BJ, Schaaf HS, Donald PR. Management of tuberculosis in children and new treatment options. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2011;11: 144-156

Marais BJ, Childhood tuberculosis: epidemiology and natural history of disease. Indian J Ped 2011; 78: 321-327

Marais BJ, Rabie H, Cotton MF. TB and HIV in children – advances in prevention and management. Paediatr Respir Rev 2011; 12: 39-45

Al-Dabbagh M, Lapphra K, McGloin R, Inrig K, Schaaf HS, Marais BJ, Sauve L, Kitai I, Kollmann TR. Drug-Resistant tuberculosis - Pediatric guidelines. Ped Infect Dis J 2011; 30: 501-505

Teasdale C, Marais BJ, Abrams EJ,. HIV: prevention of mother-to-child transmission? BMJ Clin Evid 2011; Jan 17: 0909 www.clinicalevidence.bmj.com

Schaaf HS, Marais BJ. Management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in children: a survival

guide for paediatricians. Paediatr Respir Rev 2011; 12: 31-38

Marais BJ, Raviglione M, Donald PR, Harries AD, Kritski AL, Graham SM, Atun R, El-Sadr W, Churchyard G, Harrington M, Mwaba P, Sanne I, Kaufmann SE, Whitty CJM, Zumla A. Scale-up of services and research priorities for diagnosis, management and control of tuberculosis - Call to action. Lancet 2010; 375: 2179-2191

Marais BJ, Schaaf HS. Childhood Tuberculosis: an emerging and previously neglected problem. Infect Dis Clin N Am 2010; 24: 727-749

Marais S, Pepper DJ, Marais BJ, Torok ME. HIV-associated tuberculous meningitis – diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Tuberculosis 2010; 90: 367-374

Marais S, Thwaites G, Schoeman J, Torok E, Misra UK, Prasad K, Donald PR, Wilkinson RJ, Marais BJ. Tuberculosis Meningitis: defining a uniform case definition for use in clinical research. Lancet Infect Dis 2010; 10: 803-812

Marais BJ, Ayles H, Graham SM, Godfrey-Faussett P. Screening and preventive therapy for tuberculosis. Chest Clin N Am 2009; 30: 827-846

Marais BJ, Schaaf HS, Donald PR. Pediatric tuberculosis: Issues related to current and future treatment options. Future Microbiol 2009; 4: 661-675

Moore DP, Schaaf HS, Nuttall J, Marais BJ. Childhood tuberculosis guidelines of the Southern African Society of Paediatric Infectious Diseases. South Afr J Epidemiol Infect 2009; 24: 57-68

Wilson NW, Couper I, de Vries E, Reid S, Fish T, Marais BJ. A critical review of interventions to redress the inequitable distribution of medical professionals to rural and remote areas. Rural Remote Health 2009; 9:1060. Epub 2009 Jun 12

Marais BJ. Childhood intra-thoracic tuberculosis. Adv Exp Med Biol 2009; 634: 129-146

Wright CA, Warren RW, Marais BJ. Fine needle aspiration biopsy: an undervalued diagnostic modality in pediatric mycobacterial disease. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2009; 13: 1467-1475

Rowe JS, Shah SS, Marais BJ, Steenhoff AP. Diagnosis and Management of Tuberculous Meningitis in HIV-Infected Pediatric Patients. Ped Infect Dis J 2009; 28: 147-148

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Grobler LA, Marais BJ, Mabunda S, Marindi P, Reuter H, Volmink J. Interventions for increasing the proportion of health professionals practising in rural and other underserved areas. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Jan 21; 1: CD005314

Marais BJ, Esser M, Godwin S, Rabie H, Cotton MF. Poverty and HIV in children a view from the Western Cape, South Africa. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008; 1136: 21-27

Marais BJ. Tuberculosis in children. Ped Pulmonol 2008; 43: 322-329

Marais BJ, Volmink J. HIV:mother-to-child transmission. BMJ Clin Evid 2008; 1: 909 www.clinicalevidence.bmj.com

Rabie H, Marais BJ, van Toorn R, Nourse P, Nel ED, Goussard P, Sellers N, Cotton MF. Important HIV-associated conditions in HIV–infected infants and children. SA Fam Pract 2007; 49: 19-23

Rabie H, Marais BJ, van Toorn R, Nel ED, Cotton MF. Common opportunistic infections in HIV-infected children; Part 2 - non-respiratory infections. SA Fam Pract 2007; 49: 40-45

Marais BJ. Childhood Tuberculosis – Risk assessment and diagnosis. S Afr Med J 2007; 97: 978-982

Marais BJ, Cotton M, Graham S, Beyers N. Diagnosis and management challenges of childhood TB in the era of HIV. J Infect Dis 2007; 196 (Suppl 1): S76-S85

Marais BJ. Adult-type TB in children. Salud i Ciencia (Expertos Invitados) 2007; 15: 977-982

Marais BJ, Pai M. New Approaches and emerging technologies in the diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis. Paediatr Respir Rev 2007; 8: 124-133

Marais BJ, Pai M. Recent advances in the diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis. Arch Dis Child 2007; 92: 446-452

Marais BJ, Rabie H, Schaaf HS, Cotton MF. Common opportunistic infections in HIV-infected infants and children; Part 1- respiratory infections. SA Fam Pract 2006; 48(10): 52-56

Marais BJ, Pai M. Specimen collection methods in the diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis. Indian J Med Microbiol 2006; 24: 249-251

Marais BJ, Gie RP, Schaaf HS, Donald PR, Beyers N, Starke J. Childhood pulmonary tuberculosis – Old wisdom and new challenges. Am J Resp Crit Care Med. 2006; 173: 1078-1090

Marais BJ. Intra-thoracic tuberculosis in children. Arch Dis Child Ed Pract 2006; 91: ep1-7

Rabie H, Marais BJ, Cotton MF. Maintaining infants and children on anti-retroviral therapy. SA Fam Pract 2006; 48: 55-60

Rabie H, Marais BJ, Cotton MF. Initiating anti-retroviral therapy in HIV-infected infants and children. SA Fam Pract 2006; 48: 54-58

Rabie H, Marais BJ, Cotton MF. Preventing and diagnosing HIV infection in infants and children. Prof Nursing Today 2006; 10: 33-36

Rabie H, Marais BJ, Cotton MF. Preventing and diagnosing HIV infection in infants and children. SA Fam Pract 2006; 48: 35-41

Marais BJ, Obihara CC, Warren RW, Schaaf HS, Gie RP, Donald PR. The burden of childhood tuberculosis: a public health perspective. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2005; 9: 1305-1313

Marais BJ. Childhood tuberculosis – reflections from the frontline. Ped Ann 2004; 33: 695-698

Marais BJ, Gie RP, Schaaf HS, Hesseling AC, Obihara C, Starke JR, Enarson DA, Donald PR, Beyers N. The natural history of childhood intra-thoracic tuberculosis – A critical review of the pre-chemotherapy literature. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2004; 8: 392-402.

Marais BJ, Gie RP, Schaaf HS, Hesseling AC, Obihara C, Nelson LJ, Enarson DA, Donald PR, Beyers N. The clinical epidemiology of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis – A critical review of the pre-chemotherapy literature. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2004; 8: 278-285

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Original research articles in peer reviewed journals Kapata N, Chanda-Kapata P, O‟Grady J, Bates M, Mwaba P, Janssen S, Marais B, Cobelens F, Grobusch M, Zumla A. Trends in childhood TB in Zambia: a situation analysis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012. Submitted

Murray E, Bond V, Marais BJ, Godfrey-Faussett P, Ayles H, Beyers N. High levels of vulnerability and anticipated stigma reduce the impetus for tuberculosis diagnosis in Cape Town, South Africa. Health Policy and Planning 2012; In press

Bhargava A, Pai M, Bhargava, M, Marais BJ, Menzies R. Can social interventions prevent tuberculosis? – the Papworth experiment (1918-1943) revisited. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 2012: July 6 [Epub ahead of print]

Seddon J, Hesseling AC, Marais BJ, Victor T, Schaaf HS. The evolving epidemic of drug-resistant tuberculosis among children in Cape Town, South Africa. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; May 8 [Epub ahead of print]

Mandalakas A, Hesseling AC, Schaaf HS, Gie RP, Marais BJ, Sinanovic E. Modeling the cost-effectiveness of strategies to prevent tuberculosis in child contacts in a high-burden setting. Thorax 2012; June 20 [Epub ahead of print]

Mukinda F, Theron D, vd Spuy G, Nachega J, Marais BJ, Warren RM, Schaaf HS. Rise in rifampicin monoresistant tuberculosis in the Western Cape. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 16: 196-202

Talukder K, Salim MAH, Jerin I, Sharmin F, Talukder MQ, Marais BJ, Nandi P, Cooreman E, Rahman MA. Intervention to increase detection of childhood TB in Bangladesh. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 16: 70-77

du Preez K, Hesseling AC, Mandalakas AM, Marais BJ, Schaaf HS. Opportunities for chemoprophylaxis in children with culture-confirmed tuberculosis. Ann Trop Paediatr 2011; 31: 301-310

Ligthelm LJ, Nicol MP , Hoek KG,Jacobson R, van Helden P, Marais BJ, Warren RM, Wright CA. Xpert

® MTB/RIF for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis from fine needle

aspiration biopsy specimens. J Clin Microbiol 2011; 49: 3967-3970

Uys P, Marais BJ, Robertson S, Hargrove J, Wood R. Transmission elasticity in communities hyperendemic for tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis 2011; 52: 1399-1404

Dramowski A, Rabie H, Marais BJ, Kirsten GF, Cotton MF. A case of congenital measles during the 2010 South African epidemic. Ann Trop Paediatr 2011: 31: 185-188

Rose PC, Schaaf HS, Marais BJ, Gie RP, Stefan DC. Value of bone marrow biopsy in children with suspected disseminated mycobacterial disease. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2011; 15: 200-204

Van Wyk A, Marais BJ, Warren RM, van Wyk S, Wright CA. The value of LED fluorescence microscopy in fine needle aspiration biopsies of paediatric lymph nodes. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2011; 15: 56–60

Solomons R, Schoeman JF, Marais BJ, van Zyl G, Maritz J, van Toorn R. Acute extrapyramidal dysfunction in two HIV-infected children. J Trop Ped 2010; E-pub Sept 13

Hesseling AC, Marais BJ, Kirchner HL, Mandalakas AM, Brittle W, Victor TC, Warren RM, Schaaf HS. Mycobacterial genotype is associated with disease phenotype in children. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2010; 14: 1252-1258

Stefan DC, Dippenaar A, Detjen A, Schaaf HS, Marais BJ, Walzl G, Hesseling AC. Interferon–gamma release assays for detection of Mycobactrium tuberculosis infection in children with cancer. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2010; 14: 689–694

Marais BJ, Hesseling AC, Schaaf HS, Gie RP, van Helden P, Warren RM. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is not related to household genotype in a highly endemic setting. J Clin Microbiol 2009; 47: 1338-1343

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Wright CA, Hoek KGP,van Helden P, Marais BJ, Warren RM. Combining Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy and High Resolution Melt Analysis to reduce diagnostic delay in Mycobacterial Lymphadenitis. Diagn Cytopath 2009. 38: 482-488

Wright CA, Hesseling AC, Bamford C, Burgess SM, Warren RW, Marais BJ. Fine needle aspiration biopsy – a first line diagnostic procedure in pediatric tuberculosis suspects with peripheral lymphadenopathy. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2009; 13: 1373-1379

Wright CA, Bamford C, Prince Y, Vermaak A, Hoek KGP, Marais BJ, Warren RM. Mycobacterial transport medium for routine culture of fine needle aspiration biopsies. Arch Dis Child 2010; 95: 48-50

Schaaf HS, Victor TC, Engelke E, Brittle W, Hesseling AC, Marais BJ, van Helden PD, Donald PR. Ethionamide cross- and co-resistance in children with isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2009; 13: 1355-1359

Webb EA, Hesseling AC, Schaaf HS, Gie RP, Lombard CJ, Spitaels A, Delport S, Marais BJ, Donald K, Hindmarsh P, Beyers N. High prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and disease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2009; 13: 868-874

Warren RM, Streicher EM, Gey van Pittius NC, van der Spuy GD, Marais BJ, Victor TC, Sirgel F, Donald PR, van Helden PD. The clinical relevance of mycobacterial pharmacogenetics. Tuberculosis 2009; 89: 199-202

Murray EJ, Marais BJ, Mans G, Beyers N, Ayles H, Godfrey-Faussett P, Wallman S, Bond V. A multidisciplinary approach to map potential TB transmission „hot spots‟ in high burden communities. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2009; 13: 767-774

Hesseling AC, Johnson LF, Jaspan H, Cotton MF, Whitelaw A, Schaaf HS, Fine PEM, Eley BS, Marais BJ, Nuttall J, Rabie H, Beyers N, Godfrey-Faussett P. Disseminated bacilli Calmette-Guerin disease in HIV-infected South African infants. Bull WHO 2009; 87: 505-511

Brittle EW, Marais BJ, Hesseling AC, Schaaf HS, Kidd M, Wasserman E, Botha T. Improved mycobacterial yield and reduced time-to-detection in pediatric samples using a nutrient broth growth supplement. J Clin Microbiol 2009; 47: 1287-1289

Schaaf HS, Marais BJ, Hesseling AC, Brittle W, Donald PR. Surveillance of antituberculosis drug resistance amongst children from the Western Cape Province of South Africa – an upward trend. Am J Public Health 2009; 99: 1486-1490

Hesseling AC, Caldwell J, Cotton MF, Eley BS, Jaspan HB, Jennings K, Marais BJ, Nuttall J, Rabie H, Roux P, Schaaf HS. Western Cape paediatric HIV/TB advisory group consensus statement on BCG vaccination in South African HIV-exposed infants. South Afr Med J 2009: 95: 598-600

Van der Spuy GD, Kremer K, Ndabambi SL, Beyers N, Dunbar R, Marais BJ, van Helden PD, Warren RM. Changing Mycobactrium tuberculosis population highlights clade-specific pathogenic characteristics. Tuberculosis 2009, 81: 120-125

Hesseling AC, Mandalakas AM, Marais BJ, Chegou N, Les Kirchner H, Zhu X, Black G, Stanley K, Beyers N, Walzl G. Highly discordant T cell responses in individuals with recent exposure to household tuberculosis. Thorax 2009; 64: 840-846

Marais BJ, Brittle W, Painczyk K, Hesseling AC, Beyers N, Wasserman E, van Soolingen D, Warren RM. Use of light emitting diode fluorescence microscopy to detect acid-fast bacilli in sputum. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 47: 203-207

Kruk A, Gie RP, Schaaf HS, Beyers N, Marais BJ. Symptom-based screening of child tuberculosis contacts: improved feasibility in resource-limited settings. Pediatrics 2008; 121:e1646-1652

Walters E, Cotton MF, Rabie H, Schaaf HS, Walters LO, Marais BJ. Clinical presentation and outcome of TB in HIV-infected children on HAART. BMC Pediatrics 2008; 8: 1

Wilson NW, Bouhuijs P, Conradie HH, Reuter R, van Heerden BB, Marais BJ. Perceived educational value and enjoyment of a rural clinical rotation for medical students. Rural Remote Health 2008; 8: 999 (1-13)

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Wright CA, van der Burg M, Noordzij JG, Burgess SM, Marais BJ. Diagnosing mycobacterial lymphadenitis in children using fine needle aspiration biopsy: cytomorphology, ZN staining and autoflourescence – making more of less. Diagnostic Cytopathology 2008, 36: 245-251

Mandalakas AM, Hesseling AC, Chegou N, Kirshner HL, Zhu X, Marais BJ, Stanley K, Beyers N, Black G, Walzl G. High level of discordant IGRA results in HIV-infected adults and children. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2008, 12: 417-423

Wright CA, Pienaar JP, Marais BJ. Fine needle aspiration biopsy in children – Diagnostic utility in resource-limited settings. Ann Trop Paediatr 2008; 28: 65-70

Marais BJ, de Villiers M, Kruger J, Conradie H, Jenkins L, Reuter H. The role of educational strategies to reverse the inverse performance spiral in academically isolated rural hospitals. SA Fam Pract 2007; 49: 15

Schaaf HS, Marais BJ, Whitelaw A, Hesseling AC, Eley B, Gie RP, Hussey GD, Beyers N, Donald PR. Culture-confirmed childhood tuberculosis in Cape Town, South Africa: a review of 596 cases. BMC Infect Dis 2007; 7: 140

Schaaf HS, Victor TC, Engelke E, Brittle W, Marais BJ, Hesseling AC, van Helden PD, Donald PR. Minimal inhibitory concentration of isoniazid in isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from children. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2007; 26: 203-205

Den Boon S, Verver S, Marais BJ, Enarson DA, Lombard CJ, Bateman ED, Irusen E, Jithoo A, Borgdorff MW, Beyers N. Association of passive smoking and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children. Pediatrics 2007; 119: 724-739

Maree F, Hesseling AC, Schaaf HS, Marais BJ, van Helden P, Beyers N, Schoeman JF, Warren RM. Absence of an association between Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotype and clinical features in children with tuberculous meningitis. Ped Inf Dis J 2007; 26: 13-18

Hesseling AC, Marais BJ, Gie RP, Schaaf HS, Fine PEM, Godfrey-Faussett P, Beyers N. The risk of disseminated bacilli Calmette-Guerin (BCG) disease in HIV-infected children. Vaccine 2007; 25: 14-18

Marais BJ, Gie RP, Schaaf HS, Hesseling AC, Lombard C. Enarson DA, Beyers N. A refined symptom-based approach to diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis in children. Pediatrics 2006; 118: e1350-1359

Marais BJ, Victor T, Hesseling C, Hanekom A, Jooste A, Brittle W, Reuter H, Beyers N, van Helden P, Warren R, Schaaf HS. Beijing and Haarlem genotype families are over-represented among children with drug resistant tuberculosis in the Western Cape, South Africa. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44: 3539-3543

Marais BJ, Gie RP, Schaaf HS, Hesseling AC, Enarson DA, Beyers N. The spectrum of childhood tuberculosis in a highly endemic area. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2006; 10: 732-738

Marais BJ, van Zyl S, Schaaf HS, van Aardt M, Gie RP, Beyers N. Adherence to isoniazid preventive chemotherapy in children: a prospective community based study. Arch Dis Child 2006; 91: 762-765

Heyns L, Gie RP, Goussard P, Beyers N, Warren RM, Marais BJ. Nosocomial transmission of M.tuberculosis in kangaroo mother care units: a risk in tuberculosis endemic areas. Acta Paediatrica 2006; 95: 535-539

Marais BJ, Hesseling AC, Gie RP, Schaaf HS, Enarson DA, Beyers N. Bacteriologic yield in children with intra-thoracic tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis 2006. 42:e69-71

Marais BJ, Gie RP, Hesseling AC, Schaaf HS, Enarson DA, Beyers N. Radiographic signs and symptoms in children treated for tuberculosis: possible implications for symptom-based screening in resource-limited settings. Ped Infect Dis J 2006; 25: 237-240

Marais BJ, Hesseling AC, Gie RP, Schaaf HS, Beyers N. The burden of childhood tuberculosis and the accuracy of routine surveillance data in a high-burden setting. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2006; 10: 259-263

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Marais BJ, Wright CA, Gie RP, Hesseling AC, Schaaf HS, Enarson D, Beyers N. Tuberculous lymphadenitis as a cause of persistent cervical lymphadenopathy in children from a tuberculosis-endemic area. Pediatr Inf Dis J 2006; 25: 142-146

Schaaf HS, Marais BJ, Hesseling AC, Gie RP, Beyers N, Donald PR. Childhood drug-resistant tuberculosis in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Acta Paediatrica 2006; 95: 523-528

Obihara CC, Beyers N, Gie RP, Hoekstra M, Fincham JE, Marais BJ, Lombard CJ, Potter PC, Dini LA, Kimpen JLL. Respiratory atopic disease, Ascaris- IgE and tuberculin testing in urban South African children. Clin Exp Allergy 2006. 36: 640-648

Engelbrecht AL, Marais BJ, Donald PR, Schaaf HS. A critical look at the diagnostic value of culture-confirmation in childhood tuberculosis. J Infect 2006; 53: 364-369

Hesseling AC, Rabie H, Marais BJ, Manders M, Lips M, Schaaf HS, Warren RM, , Gie RP, Cotton MF, van Helden P, Beyers N. Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccine-induced diseae in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children. Clin Inf Dis 2006; 42: 548-558

Van Zyl S, Marais BJ, Hesseling AC, Gie RP, Beyers N, Schaaf HS. Adherence to antituberculosis chemoprophylaxis and treatment in children. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2006. 10:13-18

Obihara CC, Kimpen JLL, Gie RP, van Lill SW, Hoekstra MO, Marais BJ, Schaaf HS,

Lawrence K, Potter PC, Bateman ED, Lombard CJ, Beyers N. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection may protect against allergy in a tuberculosis endemic area. Clin Exp Allergy 2006; 36: 70-76

Theart AC, Marais BJ, Gie RP, Hesseling AC, Beyers N. Criteria used for the diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis at primary health care level in a high-burden, urban setting. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2005; 9: 1210-1214

Marais BJ, Gie RP, Obihara CC, Hesseling AC, Schaaf HS, Beyers N. Well-defined symptoms are of value in the diagnosis of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis. Arch Dis Child 2005; 90: 1162-1165

Marais BJ, Obihara CC, Gie RP, Schaaf HS, Hesseling AC, Lombard C, Enarson D, Bateman E, Beyers N. The prevalence of symptoms associated with pulmonary tuberculosis in randomly selected children from a high-burden community. Arch Dis Child 2005; 90: 1166-1170

Marais BJ, Gie RP, Hesseling AC, Beyers N. Adult-type pulmonary tuberculosis in children aged 10-14 years. Pediatr Inf Dis J 2005; 24: 743-744

Marais BJ, Donald PR, Gie RP, Schaaf HS, Beyers N. Diversity of disease manifestations in childhood pulmonary tuberculosis. Ann Trop Paed 2005; 25: 79-86

Obihara CC, Beyers N, Gie RP, Potter P, Marais BJ, Lombard C, Enarson D, Kimpern JLL. Inverse association between M. tuberculosis infection and atopic rhinitis in children. Allergy 2005; 60: 1121-1125

Obihara CC, Marais BJ, Gie RP, Potter P, Bateman ED, Lombard C, Kimpen JLL, Beyers N. The association of prolonged breastfeeding and allergic disease in poor urban children. Eur Resp J 2005; 25:970-977

Marais BJ, Gie RP, Schaaf HS, Starke JR, Hesseling AC, Donald PR, Beyers N. A proposed radiologic classification of childhood intra-thoracic tuberculosis. Pediatr Rad 2004; 33: 886-894

Hesseling AC, Schaaf HS, Victor T, Beyers N, Marais BJ, Cotton MF, Wiid I, Gie RP, van Helden P, Warren R. Resistant M.bovis BCG disease: implications for management of BCG-disease in HIV infected children. Pediatr Inf Dis J 2004; 23: 476-479

Marais BJ, Pienaar J, Gie RP. Kaposi Sarcoma presenting with upper airway obstruction and bilateral chylothoraces. Pediatr Inf Dis J 2003; 22: 926-927

Marais BJ, Cotton M. Occupational exposure to HIV amongst paediatricians, a previously undescribed high-risk group. Pediatr Inf Dis J 2003; 22: 382-383

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Hesseling AC, Schaaf HS, Hanekom WD, Beyers N, Cotton MF, Gie RP, Marais BJ, van Helden P, Warren RM. Danish BCG Vaccine: Induced Disease in HIV-Infected Children. Clin Inf Dis 2003; 37: 1226-1233

Hesseling AC, Marais BJ, Cotton M. Neurobrucellosis a case report. Ann Trop Paediatr 2003; 23: 145-148

Marais B, Kalis NN, Shipton S, vd Merwe P-L. Complete atrioventricular septal defect. Cardiovasc. J South Afr. 2000; 11: 210-214

Strijdom JG, Marais BJ, Koeslag JH. Ascorbic acid causes spuriously low blood glucose measurements. S Afr Med J 1993; 83: 64-65

Editorials/commentaries Marais BJ, Lienhardt C, Menzies R. Getting rid of the Standardized Retreatment (“category 2”) Regimen – Why, How and When? Am J Resp Crit Care Med 2012. Submitted

Cotton MF, Marais BJ, Rabie H, Slogrove A, Andersson M, Dramowsky A, Reid S, Mehtar S. HIV infection in children – beyond vertical transmission. J Int AIDS Soc 2012, Prov acceptance

Raviglione M, Zumla A, Marais B, Horton H, Matsoaledi A. Advancing a sustainable agenda

for TB control and research. Lancet 2012; 379: 1077-1078

Marais BJ. The impact of tuberculosis on maternal and child health. J Infect Dis 2011; 203: 304-305

Atun R. Raviglione M, Marais B, Zumla A. Tuberculosis control is critical to achieving the MDGs. Lancet 2010; 376: 940-941

Marais BJ, Gupta A, Starke JR, El-Sony A. Tuberculosis in women and children. Lancet 2010; 375: 2057-2059

Donald PR, Marais BJ, Barry CE 3rd. The influence of age on the epidemiology and pathology of tuberculosis. Lancet 2010; 375:1852-1854

Marais B, Hoelscher M, Mwaba P, Dheda K, Zumla A, World TB Day 2010 – Eradicating Tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa needs effective and committed north-south partnerships. South Afr Med J 2010; 100: 153-154

Marais BJ. Performing TB research in children – issues to consider. Indian Pediatr 2008; 45: 737-739

Marais BJ. Advances in the clinical diagnosis of TB in children. Pediatr Res 2008; 63: 116

Marais BJ, Kangwana B, Rabie H. Caring for our children. SA Fam Pract 2007; 49: 18

Marais BJ, Pai M. Specimen collection methods in the diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis. Indian J Med Microbiol 2006; 24: 249-51 Scientific letters Marais B, Crawford J, Iredell J, Ward M, Simpson S, Gilbert L, Kamradt-Scott A, Jones C, Sorrelle T. One world – One health: moving beyond the Millennium Development Goals to integrated health solutions that last. Lancet 2012: In press

Konstantinos A, Simpson G, Sorrell TC, Marais BJ. Doing the right thing for tuberculosis control in the Torres Strait Islands. Med J Aust 2011; 195: 512

Marais BJ. The role of chest CT in tuberculosis outbreak investigation. Chest 2011; 139: 229

Marais BJ, van Helden PD, Donald PR. Adequacy of 6 month follow-up in chemotherapy

therapy trials. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2010; 14: 927-930

Marais BJ. Does finding M. tuberculosis in sputum always equal tuberculosis disease? Am J Resp Crit Care 2010; 181: 195-196

Marais BJ, Schaaf HS, Gie RP, Donald PR. TB contact screening – which way to go? Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2009, 13:1576-1579

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Marais BJ, van Helden PD. Reconsidering global targets for TB control. Bull WHO 2009, 87: 296-297

Marais BJ. The elephant in the room: the rising cost of healthcare in America. J Ped 2009; 154: 625

Marais BJ, Hesseling AC, Cotton MF. Poverty and TB: is it truly a simple inverse linear correlation? Eur Resp J 2009; 33: 943-944

Marais BJ, Parker SK, Verver S, van Rie A, Warren RM. Primary and post-primary or reactivation TB: time to revise confusing terminology? Am J Roentgen 2009; 192: W198

Marais BJ, Schaaf HS, Hesseling AC, Gie RP. TB case definition: time for critical re-assessment? Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2008; 12: 1218-1219

Gqada Z, Marais BJ, Bamford C, Orth H, Wasserman E. Clinical rationale for treatment of endocarditis caused by methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus developing nonsusceptibiity to daptomycin. J Clin Microbiol 2008; 46: 2471

Hesseling AC, Cotton M, Marais BJ, Gie RP, Schaaf HS, Beyers N, Fine PEM, Abrams EJ, Godfrey-Fausset P, Kuhn L. BCG and HIV reconsidered: moving the research agenda forward. Vaccine 2007; 25: 6565-6568

Marais BJ, Adams LV. Researchers call for new diagnostic approach to TB. Infect Dis Children 2004; 17: 36

Marais BJ. Ethics – the third dimension. Arch Dis Child 2004, 89: 1077-1078

Marais BJ. Judged by our legacy. Arch Dis Child 2004; 89: 796

Marais BJ. On the definition of relevant disease. Arch Dis Child 2004; 89: 497

Contribution acknowledged Schaaf HS, Collins A, Bekker A, Davies PDO. Tuberculosis at the extremes of age. Respirology 2010; 15: 747-63

Atkins S, Biles D, Lewin S, Ringsberg K, Thorson A. Patients‟ experiences of an intervention to support tuberculosis treatment adherence in South Africa. J Health Serv Res Policy 2010: 163–170

Bakir M, Dosanjh DPS, Deeks JJ, Soysal A, Millington KA, Efe S, Asaln Y, Polat D, Kodalli N, Yagci A, Barlan I, Bahceciler N, Demiralph EE, Lalvani A. Use of T cell-based diagnosis of tuberculosis infection to optimize interpretation of tuberculin skin testing for child tuberculosis contacts. Clin Infect Dis 2009; 48: 302-312.

Cooke ML, Goddard EA, Brown KA. Endoscopy findings in HIV-infected children from sub-Saharan Africa. J Trop Ped 2009; Jan 15: e1-6

Cotton MF, Schaaf HS, Lottering G, Wever HL, Coetzee J, Nachman S. Tuberculosis exposure in HIV-exposed infants in a high-prevalence setting. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2008; 12: 225-227

Richeldi L, Ewer K, Losi M, Begamini BM, Millington K, Fabbri LM, Lalvani A. T-cell-based diagnosis of neonatal multidrug-resistant latent tuberculosis infection. Pediatrics 2007; 119: e1-5

Pai M, O‟Brien R. Tuberculosis diagnostics trials: do they lack methodological rigor? Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2006; 6: 509-514

Ewer K, Millington KE, Deeks JJ, Alvarez L, Bryant G, Lalvani A. Dynamic antigen-specific T cell responses after point-source exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 2006; 174: 831-839

Ferrara G, Losi M, D‟Amico R, Roversi P, Piro R, Meacci M, Meccugni B, Marchetti I, Andreani A, Bergamini BM, Mussini C, Fabbri LM, Richeldi L. Direct comparison of two commercial interferon gamma blood tests for the diagnosis of M. tuberculosis infection in routine clinical practice. Lancet 2006: 367: 1328-1334

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Soysal A, Millington K, Bakir M, Dosanjh D, Aslan Y, Deeks JJ, Efe S, Staveley I, Ewer K, Lalvani A. Effect of BCG vaccination on risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children with household tuberculosis contact: a prospective community-based study. Lancet 2005; 366: 1443-51

Diagnostics for tuberculosis – Global demand and market potential. WHO/TDR report 2006. WHO press, Geneva, Switzerland. ISBN 9241563303 Other publications Series/Books edited/co-edited Lancet TB theme series, launched during the World Health Assembly – Geneva May 2010 Academic editors (Zumla A, Raviglione M, Marais BJ) Atlas of Pediatrics in the Tropics 2009, American Academy of Pediatrics; ISBN 978-1-581110-303-8 Chief editors; Spector JM, Gibson TE Associate editor: Marais BJ

Chapters in books Antituberculosis chemotherapy 2011, Karger, Basel, Switzerland; ISBN 978-3-8055-9627-5 Chief Editors: Donald PR, van Helden PD McNeely D, Lin J, Raouf A, Marais BJ. The regulatory environment for the evaluation of new tuberculosis drugs in children. Progress Resp Res 2011: 40: 235-42

Hot topics in infection and immunity in children VIII 2011, Springer USA, ISBN 978-1-4614-0203-9 Chief Editors: Curtis N, Finn A, Pollard A Marais BJ. What do we know about how to treat TB? Adv Exp Med Biol 2011; 719: 171-84

Essentials of tuberculosis in children, 4th edition

2011, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, India; ISBN 978-93-5025-252-9 Chief editors: Seth V, Kabra SK Marais BJ, Donald PR. Tuberculous lymphadenitis Chapter 10: 122-127 Marais BJ, Donald PR. Tuberculosis in HIV-infected children Chapter 15: 218-222 Marais BJ, Ling D, Pai M. New approaches to TB diagnosis in children Chapter 28: 380-391

Integrated management of HIV/TB/STIs – a training manual for nurses in South Africa 2010, Juta Health publishers, South Africa; ISBN 978-0-70-218664-6 Contributed to and reviewed chapters on HIV & TB

Oxford Handbook of HIV medicine, 2nd

edition 2009, Oxford University Press, SA; ISBN 978-0-19-576135-1 Jeena P, Marais BJ, Schaaf HS. Paediatric tuberculosis Chapter 16: 162-172

Coovadia‟s Paediatrics and Child Health, 6th edition

2009, Oxford University Press, South Africa; ISBN 978-0-19-598843-7 Cotton MF, Schaaf HS, Rabie H, Marais BJ. Tuberculosis Chapter 17: 362-386

Tuberculosis - a comprehensive clinical reference 2009, Elsevier, UK; ISBN 978-1-4160-3988-4 Chief Editors: Schaaf HS, Zumla A Marais BJ, Donald PR. Natural history of tuberculosis infection and disease in children. Chapter 14: 133-145 Graham S, Marais BJ, Gie RP. Clinical features and index of suspicion of TB in children. Chapter 16: 154-163

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Marais BJ, Donald PR, Schaaf HS. Management algorithms for paediatric tuberculosis. Chapter 28: 323-331 Marais BJ, Graham S. Tuberculosis lymphadenitis and involvement of the reticulo-endothelial system in children. Chapter 35: 391-396 Marais BJ, Wright CA. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in children – an illustrative case report. Chapter 82: 823-825

Tuberculosis 2009, 2

nd edition, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, India; ISBN 978-81-8448-514-1

Chief editors: Sharma SK, Mohan A Marais BJ, Pai M. Diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis: recent advances and applicability of new diagnostic tools. pp 602-614

Pediatric Practice: Infectious Diseases 2009, McGraw-Hill, USA; ISBN 978-0-07-148924-9 Chief editor: Samir Shah Marais BJ. Childhood tuberculosis. Chapter 36: 332-349 Hot topics in infection and immunity in children V 2009, Springer, USA; ISBN 978-0-387-79837-0. Chief Editors: Finn A, Curtis N, Pollard A Marais BJ. Childhood intra-thoracic tuberculosis. pp129-146 BMJ Clinical Evidence Handbook, December 2008 2008, BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, UK; ISBN 978-1-905545-33-9 Volmink J, Marais BJ. HIV: mother to child transmission. pp 244-251

Tuberculosis management for doctors: Paediatric module 2007, Foundation for professional development, SA

Essentials of tuberculosis in children, 3rd

edition 2006, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, India; ISBN 81-8061-709-2 Chief editors: Seth V, Kabra SK Marais BJ, Donald PR. Tuberculous peripheral lymphadenitis. Chapter 10: 134-142

How to live with TB? - A guide for people with TB and their friends 2006, Booklet published by the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC), South Africa Assisted with content and editing Non-peer reviewed journals Dramowski A, Finlayson H, Marais BJ, Rabie H, du Preez M, Malek E, Kruger M, Cotton MF. Tygerberg Children‟s Hospital perspective of the Western Cape‟s measles epidemic. FIDSSA Quaterly, June 2010. Marais BJ. Childhood intra-thoracic tuberculosis. Specialist Forum 2007; 4: 26-35 Official reports/guidelines 2011 - Principal author of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis section in Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Exposed and HIV-Infected Children. Recommendations from Centers for Disease Control (CDC), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS), and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)

2011 - Contributor to a briefing paper for UNICEF, WHO and UNAIDS on the impact of and

response to TB and HIV-related TB in pregnant women and mothers – linking the “3 I‟s” and

PMTCT

2011 – Assisted with the formulation of national guidance documents for childhood

tuberculosis in Bangladesh, Botswana, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Lesotho, Philippines & Swaziland

2010 – Author of a WHO report on a pragmatic strategy to improve levels of knowledge

regarding childhood tuberculosis in Bangladesh as a vehicle towards improved service

delivery

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2010 – Contributor to the Western Cape guidance on TB prevention in infants born to mothers

with TB and the National consensus statement on INH preventive therapy in HIV infected

children

2009 – Coordinator (Principal author) of the South African National TB Control Program

guidance on Childhood tuberculosis MANUSCRIPTS/PROPOSALS/THESES REVIEWED Manuscripts reviewed for the following journals Acta Paediatrica AIDS American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Archives of Diseases in Childhood Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine BMC Infectious Diseases BMC Pediatrics BMC Public Health British Medical Journal Bulletin of the World Health Organization Canadian Medical Association Journal Chest Clinical Infectious Diseases Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care (EPOC) Group Emerging Infectious Diseases European Respiratory Journal European Journal of Pediatrics European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Expert Review Microbiology Expert Review Respiratory Medicine International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Lancet Lancet Neurology Lancet Infectious Diseases Journal of Infection Journal of Infectious Diseases Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health Journal of Tropical Medicine Medical Principles and Practice Pediatric Infectious Diseases Journal Pediatrics Pediatrics International PLoS Medicine PLoS One Respiratory Care Respiratory Medicine Rural and Remote Health Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases South African Medical Journal South African Journal of Epidemiology and Infection Thorax Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Tropical Medicine and International Health Vaccine World Journal of Pediatrics Yonsei Medical Journal

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Project proposals reviewed for the following funding bodies Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) British Medical Research Council Research Council of Norway Italian Ministry of Health Medical Research Council (MRC) of South Africa National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) & Johns Hopkins University as Expert Scientific Panel member of the Clinical Diagnostics Research Consortium (CDRC) SATBAT TB/HIV research support project FIDELIS – Fund for Innovative DOTS Expansion through Local Initiatives to Stop TB Study proposals and/or Ph.D theses reviewed for the following universities University of the Witwatersrand (WITS), SA Stellenbosch University (SU), SA University of Cape Town (UCT), SA University of Copenhagen, Denmark University of Malawi (College of Medicine), Malawi University of New South Wales, Australia

AWARDS 2011 Post-doctoral Fellow, University of Sydney 2010 South African National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF) awards – finalist

(Category - Individual through research and its output) 2009 *National Research Foundation of South Africa (NRF) – B1 rating

World Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (WSPID) world conference Buenos Aires, Argentina – best oral presentation

2007 Outstanding review award from Clinical Infectious Diseases (CID) Stellenbosch University, Award for Research Excellence

2006 Colleges of Medicine of SA, Phyllis Knocker/Bradlow award for research excellence 2003-05 Medical Research Council (MRC) research training fellowship

AstraZeneca Respiratory Research Fellowship awarded by the South African Thoracic Society (SATS)

Alwyn Zoutendyk Scholarship Trust research award

INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE PROTOCOLS Provisional funding: NIH funding USA IMPAACT P1078: “A randomized clinical trial to assess immediate (ante-partum initiated) vs deferred (6 month post-partum initiated) isoniazid preventive therapy to reduce TB incidence and mortality among HIV-infected women and their infants in high TB incidence settings” Protocol chair – dr. Amita Gupta (Johns Hopkins University, USA) - protocol vice-chair Funded: Canadian Research Council funding "A randomized trial to compare effectiveness of 4 months Rifampin (4 RIF) with 9 months Isoniazid (9 INH) in the prevention of active TB in children: The P4v9 Trial". $ 1 million over 5 years PI. prof. Dick Menzies (McGill University, Canada) - child TB expert advisor European Union funding EDCTP 38822: “TB Child - Evaluation of new and emerging diagnostics for childhood in high burden countries” $2 million (2010-2013) PI. Dr. Klaus Reither, Swiss Tropical Institute - Child TB expert advisor

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USA National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding USA DMID 07-0061: “The utility of interferon-gamma release assays in TB-HIV co-infected children”. $200 000 (2009-2011) PIs. Proff. Anneke Hesseling (Stellenbosch University), Anna Mandalakas (Case Western Reserve University, USA) – co-investigator Norwegian Research Council funding “TB in the 21

st century – evaluating the impact of strain evolution on the global TB epidemic”.

$ 250 000 (2004-2008) PI. prof. Gunnar Bjune, Oslo University, Norway – South African coordinator Western Province Department of Health (South Africa) Maintenance of Competence (MoComp) project $200 000 (2006-2007) - Principal investigator Medical Research Council (MRC - South Africa) Telemedicine project $100 000 (2005-2007) - Co-investigator

Childhood tuberculosis – evaluating the diagnosis and burden of disease $80 000 (2003-2005) - Principal investigator National Research Foundation (NRF – South Africa) Ongoing support as a rated scientist $20 000 per annum (2009 to date)

EDITORIAL/ADVISORY BOARD MEMBERSHIP PLoS ONE - Editorial Board (2007 to date) Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine (JAMA journals) – International Advisory Board (2009 to date) EXPERT ADVISORY GROUP MEMBER To date - NSW Health Tuberculosis Advisory Committee (TBAC) (2011 to date)

- International Scientific Advisory Expert Group to the UK All Party Parliamentary Group on Global Tuberculosis (APPG TB) (2011 to date) - WHO Western Pacific (WPRO) regional Green Light Committee (rGLC) for multidrug resistant TB (2011 to date) - The National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) & Johns Hopkins University - Expert Scientific Panel for the Tuberculosis Clinical Diagnostics Research Consortium (CDRC) (2010 to date) - NIAID Pediatric HIV group, Opportunistic infections - Tuberculosis (2010 to date) - Expert advisor to the Child Health and Nutrition Knowledge Network (CHNKN), New Delhi, India (2010 to date) - WHO Child TB working group (2009 to date) - WHO TB Expert group (2009 to date)

Assessment of Programmatic Management of Drug Resistant TB in Vietnam, March 2012

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LEADERSHIP Common purpose – Meridian graduate 2010 Health Sciences Faculty, Leadership Circle programme 2010 2006-2010 - Chairman of the Childhood TB working group of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD)

- Coordinator of the annual International Child TB conference 2008-2010 - Founding & executive committee member of the Southern African

Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (SASPID), African Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (AfSPID) co-founder in 2010 - Executive committee member – Western Cape Provincial Paediatric HIV & TB advisory committee - Departmental coordinator of the annual Academic Year Day

2007-2008 - Coordinator of the revised 2008 SA National Child TB Guidelines - Coordinator of the Rural Clinical School working group and Acting Director of the Ukwanda Centre for Rural Health, Stellenbosch University

2003-2008 - Convener of weekly child TB research group meeting, Desmond Tutu TB Research Centre, Stellenbosch University

1999/2000 Registrar Representative, Tygerberg Hospital, South Africa

1997 SHO representative, St. Mary‟s Hospital, United Kingdom

1995 Intern Representative, George Provincial Hospital, South Africa

1993 - Stellenbosch University Colours for Leadership - Chairman, Medical Residence Committee

1992 - Chairman of the Federation of African Medical Students‟ Associations (FAMSA-

East, Central and Southern Africa)

- Vice-Chairman, Medical Students‟ Council, Stellenbosch University - Executive committee South African Medical Students‟ Association

- Vice-Chairman, Medical Residence Committee, Stellenbosch University

CONFERENCES/COURSES (Presented and/or organized – since 2005)

2012 Asian Congress of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Colombo, Sri Lanka – Invited speaker

14th Asia Pacific Congress of Pediatrics, Kuching, Sarawak Malaysia – Invited speaker

Woolcock, Advanced course in Tuberculosis, Sydney, Australia - Invited speaker

WHO rGLC committee meeting Manila, Philippines

Australia‟s Global Role in Child Survival; RESULTS International and the University of Sydney. Sydney – Invited speaker

Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society of the Philippines (PIDSP) annual conference, Manila, Philippines – Invited speaker

University of Copenhagen Global Health seminar, Denmark– Invited speaker

Medicins Sans Frontieres (MSF) TB scientific advisory committee meeting, Paris, France

2011 World Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (WSPID) conference, Melbourne, Australia - Invited speaker / Session chair

IUATLD World Conference, Lille, France; Child TB workshop & session - Chair

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WHO rGLC committee meeting Manila, Philippines

European Society for Paediatric Infectious Diseases (ESPID) conference, The Hague, Netherlands – Invited speaker

ANZAHPE Medical Education conference, Alice Springs, Australia - speaker

Woolcock, Advanced course in Tuberculosis, Sydney, Australia - Invited speaker

National TB Control Program Conference and Pediatric Respirology meeting, Jakarta, Indonesia - Invited speaker/facilitator

WHO/ECDC Child TB working group, Stockholm, Sweden – Invited speaker 2010 IUATLD world conference, Berlin, Germany – Invited speaker Child TB working group - Convenor

MSF Epicentre research project Mbarara, Uganda – Child TB advisor

WHO – Bangladesh Child TB training initiative – Consultant/organizer

IUATLD International Child TB training workshop, SA - Course organizer

Asian Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (ASPID), Taipei, Taiwan – Invited speaker

WHO expert, Child TB trainer/course facilitator – Dhaka, Bangladesh

Trainer - South to South and PEPFAR TB/HIV Integration Projects

Infection and Immunity, Oxford, UK - Invited speaker

2nd

SA National TB conference, Durban, South Africa URC & CDC Child TB workshops – Invited speaker

Lancet TB series launch at World Health Assembly (WHA) Geneva, Switzerland Invited speaker / co-editor

Philippines Child TB Training Guidance – Expert advisor

Rede-TB International TB Symposium, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Child TB workshop – Invited speaker / workshop facilitator

US-SA joint research forum on TB, Johannesburg, SA Organized by the NIH and MRC - Invited speaker / participant

WHO/TDR Child TB “Diagnostic reference standard” working group meeting, Geneva, Switzerland – Invited speaker / participant

Summer Institute in Clinical Trials Research Methods, University of Cape Town in collaboration with George Washington University, Cape Town, SA – Invited speaker

2009 Exploring the vulnerability of HIV exposed but uninfected (HEU) infants Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Sciences (STIAS) together with the Peter Wall Institute for Advanced Science, University of British Columbia, Canada - Workshop organizer

IUATLD world conference, Cancun, Mexico

Post-graduate course on Child TB - co-convenor Medicins Sans Frontiers (MSF) side-meeting; TB tests for children - Invited speaker

CDC/CSIR TB Infection control workshop, Pretoria, South Africa TB prevention in children – Invited speaker

India/Nepal Child TB Training initiative – Expert advisor/presenter

World Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (WSPID), Buenos Aires, Argentina M.tuberculosis strain and transmissibility – awarded best oral presentation

Biennial Conference, Buenos Aires, Argentina - Invited speaker

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Child TB training workshop, Delhi, India & Kathmandu, Nepal - co-convenor

IUATLD International Child TB training workshop, SA - Course organizer

NIH/FDA TB drugs for children workshop, Washington, USA – Invited speaker

Federation of Infectious Disease Societies of South Africa (FIDSSA) conference, Sun City, South Africa - Invited speaker

Dominique Dormont conference, Paris France - Invited speaker

Pediatric Update, Abhu Dhabi - Invited speaker

Pakistan Child TB Training initiative – Expert advisor

2008 Grand rounds. Vancouver children‟s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Canada – Invited speaker

International Child Health symposium, Philadelphia, USA – Invited speaker

International Primary Care Respiratory Group (IPCRG) conference, Seville, Spain Invited speaker

SA Paediatric Association (SAPA) conference, Sun City, SA Child TB workshop; Workshop Organizer

BOTUSA/CDC evaluation of the IPT program in Botswana Member of evaluation team

ICAP Paediatric HIV care workshop, Cape Town, SA - Invited speaker

African Network for the care of Children Affected by HIV/AIDS (ANNECCA), Regional conference, Entebbe, Uganda - Invited speaker

IUATLD International Child TB training workshop, SA - Course organizer 2007 Mozambique Paediatric Society conference, Maputo, Mozambique - Invited speaker

PATA (Paediatric Aids Treatment for Africa) Conference, Mbabane, Swaziland Co-organizer of paediatric TB/HIV sessions

World Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (WSPID) Biennial Conference, Bangkok, Thailand; Invited speaker

IUATLD world conference, Cape Town, SA Childhood tuberculosis in a world with HIV; Workshop Organizer

FIDSSA conference, Stellenbosch, SA Co-organizer of scientific sessions (Paediatric TB/HIV & Ecology and health)

Infection and Immunity, Oxford, UK; Invited speaker

Annual Conference of the Ethiopian Paediatric Society, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Invited speaker

TB/HIV conferences organized by the International Centre for AIDS Care and Prevention (ICAP), Port Elizabeth / Durban and Port Edward, SA; Invited speaker

IUATLD International Child TB training course, SA - Course organizer

SA Thoracic Society (SATS) conference, Cape Town, SA Childhood intra-thoracic TB – disease diversity and diagnosis; Invited speaker

South to South, ICAP Paediatric HIV workshop, Cape Town, SA - invited speaker

Child TB conference, Siem Reap, Cambodia In collaboration with the University of Berne, Switzerland; Invited speaker

TB in the 21st Century working group meeting, Mexico City, Mexico

Invited speaker, working group member

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2006 IUATLD world conference, Paris, France - Invited speaker

Norwegian Knowledge Centre for Health Services (EPOCH meeting), Oslo, Norway; Invited speaker

Rural Health conference, Beaufort West, SA; Course organizer

Invited to WHO meeting on new TB diagnostics (organized by FIND), Geneva, Switzerland, (unable to attend)

Tuberculosis in the 21st Century working group meeting, Hanoi, Vietnam

Invited speaker, working group member 2005 TASK 2 TB working group meeting Johannesburg, SA

Working group member

Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group (PACTG) meeting Washington; Invited speaker

IUATLD world conference, Paris, France; Invited speaker

Federation of the Infectious Diseases Societies of SA (FIDSSA) conference, Sun City, SA; Invited speaker

TB in the 21st Century consortium, Oslo, Norway - Working group member

Medicins Sans Frontieres (MSF) conference, TB in the world of HIV, Lusikisiki, South Africa, Invited speaker

COURSES/WORKSHOPS (ATTENDED) 2011 Post-graduate supervision course, University of Sydney, Australia

Effective clinical skills teaching workshop, University of Sydney, Australia 2010 Infection and Immunity in Children 2010, Keble College, Oxford, UK Undergraduate teaching workshop, Stellenbosch University, South Africa 2008 The Denver TB course, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA

Advanced Neonatal Life Support course, Cape Town, South Africa Basic Life Support (refresher) course, Cape Town, South Africa 2007 Post-graduate supervision course, Stellenbosch University, South Africa Good Clinical Practice (GCP) update, SAPCRA, Stellenbosch, South Africa Summer Institute in Clinical Trials Research Methods, Fogarty funded training program with George Washington University, Cape Town, South Africa 2006 IRENSA Research Ethics course (Fogarty Center), Cape Town, South Africa Post-graduate supervision course, Stellenbosch, South Africa (SA) 2005 Innate Immunity in the lung, Embo Novartis foundation workshop, Cape Town, SA

IUATLD training course, Monitoring tuberculosis control services, Cape Town, SA Infection and Immunity in Children 2005, St. Catherine‟s College, Oxford, UK

2004 IRENSA Research Ethics course (Fogarty Center), Cape Town, SA Infection and Immunity in Children 2004, Keble College, Oxford, UK Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group (PACTG) International Clinical Training Program, Red Cross Children‟s Hospital, Cape Town, SA Grantsmanship course, Stellenbosch, SA

2003 Good Clinical Practice (GCP) Course, SAPCRA, Stellenbosch University, SA 2002 Research Methods for the Promotion of Lung Health, IUATLD, Nairobi, Kenya

ISID HIV/AIDS training program, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA 2001 Epidemiology and Biostatistics course, Stellenbosch University, SA 1999 Advanced Paediatric Life Support (APLS) course, Cape Town, SA 1997 MRCP 2 (Paeds) training course, UK

MRCP 1 (Paeds) training course, UK 1996 Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) course, Salisbury, UK

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TEACHING University of Sydney (present) Masters in Paediatrics – On-line course facilitator Masters in Infection & Immunity - Global Control of Infectious Diseases (lecturer) Masters in International Public Health - Global Communicable Disease Control (lecturer) Stellenbosch University (past) Undergraduate course coordinator for Paediatrics Masters in Clinical epidemiology – Module coordinator POST-GRADUATE STUDENT SUPERVISION Ph.D projects Supervisor of 1 PhD candidate – 6 peer reviewed publications MMed/MSc projects Supervisor/co-supervisor of 12 completed projects 9 peer reviewed publications MPhil in Communicable Diseases Supervisor of 1 candidate – pass with distinction 1 peer reviewed publication – 2 in press

OTHER INTERESTS / ACTIVITIES 2001-2003 Argus cycle tour 1996 London marathon (<3hrs) 1994 Foot of Africa Marathon (Gold Medal) 1992/3 Student tennis – Stellenbosch inter-residence team cup winners Student table tennis – Stellenbosch inter-residence team cup winners Residence cycle car racing team

Two Oceans ultra-marathon Argus and Burger-Sanlam cycle tours

Environmental awareness South African Faith Communities‟ Environmental Institute (SAFCEI) - Founding member A Rocha South Africa – Co-organizer of South African launch conference 2006 South African Botanical Society – member Wildlife and Environment Society of South Africa (WESSA) – member