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CURRICULUM VITAE PART I: General Information Date Prepared: September 25, 2008 Name: James E. Muller, M.D. Office Address: InfraReDx, Inc. 34 Third Ave. Burlington, MA 01803 Home Address: 29 Studio Road

Auburndale, MA 02466 E-Mail: jmuller@infraredx.com TEL: 781 221 0053 Place of Birth: Lubbock, Texas Education:

1965 B.S. The University of Notre Dame 1969 M.D. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Postdoctoral Training:

1969-1970 Intern in Medicine at the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 1972-1973 Assistant Resident in Medicine at the Johns Hopkins Hospital,

Baltimore, MD 1973-1975 Fellow in Cardiology at Harvard Medical School and Peter Bent

Brigham Hospital, Boston, MA Licensure and Certification:

1970 National Board of Medical Examiners 1973 Massachusetts License Registration 1977 American Board of Internal Medicine 1979 American Board of Internal Medicine Subspecialty of Cardiovascular Disease

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Academic Appointments:

1976-1979 Instructor in Medicine at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

1979-1980 Assistant Professor of Medicine at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

1980-1986 Assistant Professor of Medicine at the Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

1986-1989 Associate Professor of Medicine at the Brigham and Women's Hospital

1986-1996 Associate Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

1987-1989 Associate Professor of Health Sciences and Technology at the Harvard University-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA

1996- 1999 Professor of Medicine, the University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 1999 – 2004 Lecturer, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA 2004 – 2007 Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

Hospital or Affiliated Institution Appointments:

1976-1981 Junior Associate in Medicine, Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, MA

1981-1982 Associate in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA

Associate Physician, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 1989- 1996 Chief, Cardiovascular Division, Deaconess Hospital, Boston, MA

Co-Director, Institute for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Deaconess Hospital, Boston, MA

1996-1999 Chief, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, KY

1998-1999 Director, Linda and Jack Gill Heart Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY

1999 – 2003 Director, Clinical Research in Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital

1999 – 2005 Associate Director, Center for Integration of Medicine and Innovative Technology(CIMIT), Massachusetts General Hospital

2000-2002 Chair, Operations Committee, Center for Integration of Medicine and Innovative Technology, Massachusetts General Hospital

2003-2004 Director, CIMIT Russia Program 2002 -2005 Member, Steering Committee, CIMIT 2001-2005 Co-Director, CIMIT Vulnerable Plaque Program

Other Professional Positions and Major Visiting Appointments:

1967 Medical Exchange Student, First Moscow Medical School, Moscow, USSR (5 months)

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1970-1972 Commissioned Officer, United States Public Health Service 1970-1971 Medical Officer, National Center for Health Services Research and

Development, DHEW 1971-1972 Coordinator, US/USSR Health Exchange, Office of International

Health, DHEW 1975 Coordinator, Joint US/USSR Study of the Effect of Hyaluronidase

on Size of a Myocardial Infarction. The Myasnikov Institute of Cardiology, Moscow USSR (3 months)

1990 Founder, Institute for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Deaconess Hospital, Boston, MA

1992-present Member, Association of University Cardiologists 1993 Vice President, New England Cardiovascular Society 1993-1995 Delegate-at-Large, American Heart Association Board of

Directors, Massachusetts Affiliate 1994 President, New England Cardiovascular Society 1995- 1996 Visiting Professor, University of Virginia 1996 Member, Academy of Behavioral Medicine Research 1997 Founder, Linda and Jack Gill Heart Institute, University of

Kentucky 1998 Founder, InfraReDx, Inc. 2003 Founder, CIMIT Russia Program

Hospital and Health Care Organization Service Responsibilities:

1977-1989 Directed clinical care and teaching on the Cardiology In-patient Service, the Cardiology Consult Service, and the Cardiac Surgery Service for a total of four months per year. Outpatient Cardiology Clinic two afternoons per month at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA.

1990-1996 Attending on cardiology inpatient service at Deaconess Hospital, Boston, MA.

1996-1999 Attending on cardiology inpatient service at the University of Kentucky Hospital, Lexington, KY

1999-2005 Preceptor, Cardiology Fellows’ Out-Patient Clinic, MGH Preceptor, Cardiology Step-down unit, Ellison 10, MGH

Major Academic Responsibilities:

1982 - 1984 Coordinator, MILIS (Multicenter Investigation of the Limitation of Infarct Size) National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

1984 Coordinator, NAMIS (Nifedipine Angina-Myocardial Infarction Study) Pfizer, Inc.

1988 Director, Multicenter Study of Prourokinase Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction, Sandoz, Inc.

1989-1996 Chief, Cardiovascular Division, Deaconess Hospital, Boston, MA. 1996-1999 Chief, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of

Kentucky, Lexington, KY.

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1998-1999 Director, Gill Heart Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY

Major Committee Assignments:

1988-1990 Member, Safety and Data Monitoring Committee, MITI Study,

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute 1992 Member, Academic Advisory Committee for the Pfizer Visiting

Professorship Program in Cardiovascular Medicine 1993 Peer Review Participant, American Heart Association,

Massachusetts Affiliate 1994-1999 Member, Scientific Sessions Program Committee of the American

Heart Association 1995 Member, Idiopathic Ventricular Fibrillation Registry Advisory

Board for the University of Arizona Health Sciences Center 1998-2004 Member, Data Safety Monitoring Committee, A Vascular Basis for

Treatment of Ischemia Study, Brigham and Women’s Hospital 1999 Chair, Subcommittee on Scientific Exhibits, Scientific Sessions

Program Committee of the American Heart Association 1999 Peer Review Participant, American Heart Association Reynold’s

Center Award 1999 Peer Review Participant, National Aeronautics and Space

Administration, International Space Station and Space Shuttle Medical Research

2001 Chair, Advisory Committee for the website "Vulnerableplaque.org"

Professional Societies: 1973 American Heart Association 1978 American Association for the Advancement of Science 1979 Society for Clinical Trials 1980 American Medical Association

1981 American College of Cardiology 1982 Fellow, American College of Cardiology 1983 Fellow, American College of Physicians 1991 Massachusetts Medical Society

1991 American Heart Association Council on Thrombosis 1991 American Heart Association Council on Circulation

1993 American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology 1995 International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology 1997-1999 American Heart Association Board of Directors, Lexington, KY, Chapter 2002 Society of Atherosclerosis Imaging

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Community Service Related to Professional Work:

1980-1984 Co-Founder and Secretary, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, Inc. (IPPNW)

1991-1993 Member, International Advisory Board for the University of Notre Dame Institute for International Peace Studies

1997 Founder, Citizens for Public Research and Education Funding Editorial Boards:

1979-present Reviewer, New England Journal of Medicine, Circulation,

American Journal of Cardiology, Journal of the American College of Cardiology

1979-1984 Editorial Board, The Journal of Soviet Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Circadian Rhythms

1995-present Editorial Board, American Journal of Cardiology 1996 Editorial Board, Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology 1998 Editorial Board, American Journal of Sports Medicine 1998 Editorial Board, Heart Disease: A Journal of Cardiovascular

Medicine Awards and Honors:

1969 Alpha Omega Alpha, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD

1980-86 Trustee, Stonehill College, Easton, MA 1982 Bishop Chartrand Award for Outstanding Alumnus, Cathedral

High School, Indianapolis, IN 1984-86 Chairman of Academic Committee, Board of Trustees, Stonehill

College, Easton, MA 1984 IPPNW awarded the Beyond War Award and the UNESCO Peace

Prize 1985 IPPNW awarded the Nobel Peace Prize 1985 The Reverend John J. Cavanaugh Award for Outstanding

Contribution in the Field of Public Service, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN

1986 Doctor of Laws, honoris causa, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN

1987 Doctor of Laws, honoris causa, Marian College, Indianapolis, IN 1988 Doctor of Letters, honoris causa, St. Mary-of-the-Woods College,

St. Mary-of-the-Woods, IN 1994 Doctor of Science, honoris causa, King's College,Wilkes-Barre,

PA

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1995 Doctor of Public Service, honoris causa, University of Portland, Portland, OR

1998 Doctor of Humane Letters, honoris causa, Bellarmine College, Louisville, KY

1998 Community Service Award, Archdiocese of Indianapolis, IN 2002 James E. Muller, MD, New Investigator Award, established by the

Vulnerableplaque.org website PART II: Research, Teaching, and Clinical Contributions A. Narrative Report Dr. Muller's research, teaching and clinical contributions have been centered on the topic of coronary artery disease. He began his research work in 1973, under the guidance of Dr. Eugene Braunwald, with studies of the limitation of infarct size in experimental animals. This work led to a clinical trial that Dr. Muller directed in Moscow, which formed the basis for the Multicenter Investigation of Limitation of Infarct Size (MILIS) Study. Dr. Muller participated in many studies from the MILIS database that clarified numerous aspects of myocardial infarction. The randomized portion of the study showed limited benefit of interventions administered over 4 hours after infarction, and led to an emphasis on early reperfusion to salvage ischemic myocardium. Dr. Muller was the principal author of the protocol for the TIMI III study, which clarified the roles of an invasive strategy and thrombolysis in unstable angina and non-Q-wave infarction patients. He was also the principal investigator of studies of prourokinase therapy for infarction, and nifedipine therapy for prevention of coronary spasm. In 1985, Dr. Muller published his original observation that the onset of myocardial infarction is more frequent in the morning. This was the first objectively documented description of this phenomenon, which has subsequently been confirmed by many investigators, and found to be characteristic of most types of acute cardiovascular disease. The increased morning onset was recognized to be a special case of the more important phenomenon of triggering of cardiovascular disease onset. Together with several colleagues, Dr. Muller developed and utilized the case-crossover method (which is now used for study of many diseases) to clarify triggering of MI. This led to development of the field of study of triggering of cardiovascular disease, and the concept of the vulnerable plaque. Dr. Muller conducted research on the triggering of sudden cardiac death. Over 900 individuals with implanted cardiovertor-defibrillators were enrolled in the Triggers of Ventricular Arrhythmias (TOVA) Study funded by the NHLBI for which he served as the Principal Investigator. He is also led a new effort to apply near-infrared spectroscopic methods to identify the coronary artery plaques vulnerable to disruption and thrombosis. To conduct this product development work, he founded the company InfraReDx, which was awarded phase 1 and 2 SBIR grants by the NHLBI. A prototype near-IR coronary catheter was tested in humans in 2001, and

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a second generation device that is capable of scanning the artery and recording spectra in less than 20 milliseconds will was tested in 2005. This device received FDA clearance for use to identify lipid-core containing plaques of interest in the coronary arteries. While a member of the Harvard faculty from 1976 until 1996, Dr. Muller participated in many forms of medical education as detailed below. Much of his effort was devoted to serving as a mentor for those beginning clinical research careers. From 1976 until 1989, Dr. Muller spent approximately 4 months per year in patient care. He served as the attending for the CCU, surgical consult service, general cardiology consult service, and maintained a practice in the out-patient clinic. From 1989 until 1999, his clinical contribution continued as Chief of Cardiology at the Deaconess, and subsequently, at the University of Kentucky. In these roles he was responsible for the overall success of the clinical programs, and continued to serve as a cardiology attending. He assisted in many of the most complex clinical cases encountered by his faculty. From 1999 until 2003, Dr. Muller served as Director of Clinical Research in Cardiology at the MGH. From 1999 until 2005 he served as a mentor for many fellows and junior faculty at MGH with an interest in clinical research. In 1999 Dr. Muller joined The Center for the Integration of Medicine and Innovative Technology (CIMIT), and began working closely with its Director, Dr. John Parrish. From 1999 until 2004 Dr. Muller has had multiple roles in CIMIT including service as Chair of the Operations Committee, and Director of the CIMIT Russia Program. He now serves as the Co-Director of the Vulnerable Plaque Program, and the Innovative Technology for Cardiovascular Disease Program. He was also a member of the Steering Committee of CIMIT and in that capacity worked to support the generic activity of applying novel technology to solve health problems. Since 2005, Dr. Muller has served as CEO of InfraReDx, Inc. a start-up medical device company that has developed the NIR catheter to identify coronary plaques. B. Funding Information All funds are for research activities. Principal Investigator 1977 – 1985 NHBLI Eugene Braunwald, M.D. Multi-Center Investigation of Limitation of Infarct Size (MILIS) 1978 – 1980 Pfizer Eugene Braunwald, M.D. Nifedipine Angina Myocardial Infarction Study 1988 – 1992 NHLBI James E. Muller, M.D. Determinants of Onset of Myocardial Infarction Study

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1993 – 1997 NHLBI James E. Muller, M.D. Modifiers of Onset of Myocardial Infarction Study 1992 – 1994 Sandoz James E. Muller, M.D. Prourokinase for Acute Myocardial Infarction Study 1999 – 2004 NHLBI James E. Muller, M.D. Triggers of Ventricular Arrhythmias Study C. Report of Research Activities at Harvard Medical School Triggers of Ventricular Arrhythmias: Dr. Muller served as Principle Investigator of an NIH grant in which triggers of defibrillator discharge were studied. The purpose of the study was to clarify the activities that trigger potentially fatal ventricular arrhythmias. He now participates in the preparation of manuscripts derived from this database. Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaques: Dr. Muller continues to lead research devoted to plaques vulnerable to disruption and thrombosis as described in a review article in Circulation in 1989.. In 1994, he wrote the editorial precisely defining the term “Vulnerable Plaque”. Together with Dr. Brady, he led the CIMIT Vulnerable Plaque Detection and Treatment Program. This program consisted of a weekly lecture series on all promising methods of detection and treatment of vulnerable plaque. The Program held International Conferences in 2001, and 2004 on this topic, and funded innovative programs. Dr. Muller now serves as President of InfraReDx, a start-up company he co- founded that has developed a Near IR spectroscopsy system to detect lipid core plaques. D. Report of Teaching

1. Local Contributions a. 1977 – 1982 Section Leader, Cardiovascular Pathophysiology block at Harvard

Medical School. Led group discussions and individualized instruction for 20 medical students. One-month preparation and contact time per year.

b. 1982 – 1989 Co-Director, Introduction to Clinical Medicine at the Brigham and

Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School. Coordinated initial contacts of students with patients for introduction to clinical medicine. Arranged specialized teaching lectures in various medical specialties for the students. Approximately 25 students per year. Preparation and contact time of two months per year.

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c. 1992 – 1995 Co-Director, Deaconess Cardiovascular Division Continuing Education Program for cardiac catheterization laboratory work. The attendees were individuals interested in cardiac catheterization from both clinical and academic perspectives. Approximately 200 physicians attended per year. The course lasted two days and required approximately two weeks of contact and preparation time.

d. 1996 – 1999 Continuing Education Courses at the University of Kentucky for

practicing physicians. Dr. Muller organized courses and delivered individual lectures. Preparation and contact time was approximately two weeks per year.

e. 1998 Special Symposium on the Coronary Valley. Dr. Muller organized and

directed an international symposium to identify the increased incidence of coronary heart disease in the states bordering the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers. The attendees were epidemiologists and practicing clinicians. Plans were made for efforts to reduce the excess mortality. Contact and preparation time was one month.

f. 1989 – 1999 Chief of Cardiovascular Division with responsibility for the Fellowship

training program. At both the Deaconess Hospital, and the University of Kentucky, Dr. Muller played an active role in the training programs for cardiovascular fellows. Both training programs experienced increased number of applicants and quality of applicants during his leadership.

g. 2000 - Lecturer, Design & Conduct of Clinical Trials Course, Clinical Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA h. 2001 - Co-Director, Symposium on the Pathophysiology, Detection and Treatment of Vulnerable Plaque

i. 1976 – 2005 Mentoring of research cardiologists

2 years Peter H. Stone, M.D. Full-time Cardiology Faculty of the Brigham and Women’s Hospital

3 years Geoffrey Tofler, M.D. Professor of Preventive Medicine University of Sydney, Australia

2 years Stefan Willich, M.D. Professor of Preventive Medicine, Berlin, Germany

2 years Otavio Gebara, M.D. Professor of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil

1 year Robert Wolf, M.D. Formerly, Director of Cardiovascular Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb

1 year Murray Mittleman, M.D., Ph.D. Full-time faculty member of Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital and

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faculty of the Harvard School of Public Health

2 years Francine Welty, MD, PhD Full-time Faculty member of Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital 1 year DaLi Feng, M.D. Research Fellow, Massachusetts

General Hospital 2 years Sergio Waxman, M.D. Associate Professor, Tufts

University School of Medicine

2. Regional, National or International Contributions

A. Visiting Professorships and Invited Presentations The First 24 Hours in Myocardial Infarction. Experimental and Clinical Studies on Limitation of Infarct Size: International Symposium. Vienna, Austria. June 1977. Joint US/USSR Study of Limitation of Infarct Size--National Meeting, American Association for the Advancement of Science. Washington, DC. February 1978. Techniques of Measuring Infarct Size: Electrocardiography--Inotropic Agents in Acute MI. First Annual Tutorial in Cardiology. Sugarbush, Vermont. February 1979. Nifedipine and Calcium Flux Inhibition in the Treatment of Coronary Artery Spasm and Myocardial Ischemia. Miami Heart Institute, Miami Beach, Florida. March 15, 1979. Nifedipine Therapy for Coronary Spasm. Symposium on Nifedipine: A Calcium Blocker. Republic of China Society of Cardiology. Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. May 8, 1980. One Hundred Cases of Variant Angina Treated with Nifedipine. Coronary Spasm and Calcium Antagonists, The Philippine Medical Association. Cebu City, Cebu, Philippines. May 15, 1980. Symposium on New Aspects of Calcium Antagonists. Antwerp, Belgium. September 14, 1980. International Symposium on Myocardial Revascularization. Nassau, The Bahamas. October 12, 1980. Current Concepts on the Reduction of Infarct Size. Medical Grand Rounds, Cambridge Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts. October 17, 1980. Medical and Surgical Implications of Coronary Spasm: Forum on Cardiovascular Surgery. Annual Scientific Assembly, American College of Chest Physicians. Boston, Massachusetts. October 26-30, 1980. Clinical Syndromes of Coronary Artery Spasm. American Heart Association of Washington. Seattle, Washington. October 22, 1980.

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Therapeutic Approach to Coronary Artery Spasm. American Heart Association of Washington. Seattle, Washington. October 22, 1980. Nifedipine Therapy for Coronary Spasm. Medical Grand Rounds, Dartmouth School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire. January 9, 1981. The Future Role of Calcium Channel Blocking Agents in the Practice of Internal Medicine, Symposium, Program Director. Park Plaza Hotel, Boston, Massachusetts. January 14, 1981. Pathogenesis of Unstable Angina Pectoris--Role of Coronary Spasm. Third Annual Tutorial in Cardiology. Sugarbush, Vermont. February 23-27, 1981. Use of Calcium Blockers in Ischemic Heart Disease. Third Annual Tutorial in Cardiology. Sugarbush, Vermont. February 23-27, 1981. Pathogenesis of Coronary Spasm. Third Annual Tutorial in Cardiology. Sugarbush, Vermont. February 23-27, 1981. Re-establishment of coronary flow in AMI. Third Annual Tutorial in Cardiology. Sugarbush, Vermont. February 23-27, 1981. Prinzmetal's Variant Angina. Third Annual Tutorial in Cardiology. Sugarbush, Vermont. February 23-27, 1981. Nifedipine Treatment of Coronary Artery Spasm. Medical Grand Rounds. New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. March 3, 1981. Nifedipine Therapy for Coronary Artery Spasm. National Cardiovascular Symposium. The Royal College of Physicians. London, England. April 9, 1981. The Role of Calcium Channel Blocking Agents in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease. Birmingham Hospital, Birmingham, England. April 10, 1981. Coronary Spasm--Management. Cardiology 1981--Therapeutic Advances. University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois. June 17, 1981. Calcium Antagonist Drugs and Their Use. Cardiology 1981--Therapeutic Advances. University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois. June 17, 1981. Acute Myocardial Infarction: Limiting Infarct Size and Treating Complications--Medical Management. Dealing with the Cardiac Emergency. Baystate Medical Center, Sheraton Inn, West Springfield, Massachusetts. September 18, 1981. Myocardial Infarction--Recent Progress and Managements. Internal Medicine for the Practicing Physician. Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Newton, Massachusetts. November 10, 1981.

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The Role of Calcium Channel Blocking Agents in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disorders. Cardiology Grand Rounds. Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. November 24, 1981. Nifedipine for Unstable Angina, Thrombolysis for Acute Myocardial Infarction: Ongoing Research. Research Conference. Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia. November 25, 1981. Calcium Channel Blocking Agents in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disorders. Medical Grand Rounds. Faulkner Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. December 10, 1981. Dynamic Coronary Obstruction: Vasoconstriction and Coronary Spasm. First International Pharma Press Seminar: Coronary Artery Spasm. Zurich, Switzerland. February 4-5, 1982. Nifedipine Therapy During and After Infarction. Canadian Adalat Symposium. Chateau Champlain Hotel, Montreal, Quebec. February 12, 1982. Calcium Channel Blocking Agents. A Review of Recent Advances in Internal Medicine. Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts. June 8, 1982. Basic Mechanisms of Coronary Ischemia, Mechanisms and Comparative Pharmacology of Calcium Blockers. American Heart Association. Washington, D.C. February 26, 1983. Mechanisms of Action and Pharmacology of Calcium Channel Blockers. Fifth Annual Tutorial in Cardiology. Sugarbush, Vermont. February 28-March 4, 1983. Calcium Channel Blockers in Stable Angina Pectoris. Fifth Annual Tutorial in Cardiology. Sugarbush, Vermont, February 28-March 4, 1983. Is Coronary Vasoconstriction an Important Factor in All Types of Angina Pectoris? Fifth Annual Tutorial in Cardiology. Sugarbush, Vermont. February 28-March 4, 1983. New Insights into Clinical Spectrum of Coronary Artery Spasm. Panelist. American College of Cardiology Meeting. New Orleans, Louisiana. March 23, 1983. Calcium Channel Blockers for Ischemic Heart Disease. Thirty-fourth Annual Meeting and Scientific Sessions. North Carolina Chapter, American Heart Association. Greensboro, North Carolina. May 19, 1983. Nifedipine Therapy for Unstable Angina and Myocardial Infarction. Eighth Annual Scientific Session. North Carolina Chapter, American College of Cardiology. Greensboro, North Carolina. May 20, 1983. Results of the NAMIS Study of Nifedipine for Unstable Angina and Myocardial Infarction. The Norwegian Society of Cardiology. Oslo, Norway. June 24, 1983. Calcium Channel Blocking Agents for Coronary Artery Disease. University of Tennessee School of Medicine, Memphis, Tennessee. January 17, 1984.

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Nifedipine Therapy for Myocardial Infarction and Unstable Angina. Symposium on "Unstable Angina Revisited" sponsored by the European Society of Cardiology. Rotterdam, The Netherlands. May 23, 1985. Circadian Variation of Onset of Myocardial Infarction. Syposium, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California. April 16, 1985. Role of Calcium Channel Blockers in Evolving Infarction. Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. September 26, 1985. Clinical and Laboratory Approaches to Risk Stratification Post Myocardial Infarction. Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. September 26, 1985. Natural History of the Failure of the Circulation. Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. September 27, 1985. Advances in the Management of Cardiovascular Disease. Rush Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois. December 6, 1985. What is the Role of Sympathetic Activity in Ischemic Heart Disease? Syposium on "Evolving Concepts in the Medical Management of Hypertension and Ischemic Heart Disease." Paris, France. March 21-22, 1986. Cardiovascular Medicine Today--Theory and Practice. "Circadian Rhythm and Cardiovascular Events." Syposium. University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. October 15, 1986. The Fried Lecture "The Physician and the Nuclear Arms Race." Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Newton, Massachusetts. December 4, 1986. Circadian Variation of Cardiovascular Events. Medical Grand Rounds. Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts. January 22, 1987. Circadian Variation of Cardiovascular Disease. National Cardiology Research Center, Moscow, USSR. June 3, 1987. Circadian Variation of Cardiovascular Disease. Medical Grand Rounds. University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts. July 23, 1987. New Insights into the Cause of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Wishard Hospital, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana. July 9, 1987. Autonomic Nervous System Effects in Silent Ischemia and Myocardial Infarction. Symposium on "Biobehavioral Factors in Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms and Management." Copley Plaza Hotel, Boston, Massachusetts. October 30, 1987.

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Combination Thrombolytic Therapy. Symposium on "Thrombolytic Therapy for Coronary Artery Disease." University of Vermont, Sugarbush, Vermont. February 22, 1988. Why do Patients with Stable Angina Convert to Unstable Syndromes? Symposium on "Unstable Angina and Interventional Cardiology." University of Vermont, Sugarbush, Vermont. February 22, 1988. Circadian Variation in Ischemic Heart Disease. Symposium on "Newer Aspects of Ischemic Heart Disease." Marriotts' Castle Harbour Resort, St. George, Bermuda. October 22, 1988. Triggers of Sudden Coronary Death: The Morning Increase. Sixth National State-of-the-Art Cardiology Symposium on "The Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death." Vista International Hotel, Newark, New Jersey. October 26, 1988. Triggers of Onset of Myocardial Infarction and Sudden Cardiac Death. Indiana Heart Association. Indianapolis, Indiana. December 3, 1988. Chairman and Moderator, Symposium on "Circadian Variation and Triggers of Acute Cardiovascular Disease." Four Seasons Hotel, Boston, Massachusetts. February 25, 1989. Circadian Variation and Triggers of the Onset of Cardiovascular Disease. Symposium on "Ischemic and Hypertensive Heart Disease." Disneyland Hotel, Anaheim, California. March 18, 1989. Circadian Variation and Triggers of the Onset of Myocardial Infarction. Symposium on "Evolving Concepts in the Management of Myocardial Infarction." Grand Hotel, Anaheim, California. March 18, 1989. Triggers of Onset of Acute Coronary Syndromes. New England Cardiovascular Society Meeting on "Acute Coronary Syndromes." Newton Marriott Hotel, Newton Massachusetts. May 31, 1989. Circadian Variations and Triggers of Onset of Coronary Thrombosis: Evidence of an Effect of Beta Blockade. Symposium on "Heart Attack Risk Reduction--From Framingham to the Present." Hyatt Regency, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina. June 2, 1989. Circadian Variation and Triggers of Onset of Cardiovascular Disease. Symposium on "The Clinical Applications of Chronobiology." National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. June 20, 1989. Moderator of Postgraduate Seminar "Circadian Variation and Triggers of Cardiovascular Disease." American Heart Association Scientific Sessions. New Orleans Marriott Hotel, New Orleans, Louisiana. November 12, 1989. Triggering of Onset and Circadian Variation of Cardiovascular Disease. Cardiovascular Seminar. St. Elizabeth's Hospital. Boston, Massachusetts. November 22, 1989.

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Triggers of Onset and Circadian Variation in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease. Director of Symposium "Brian, Behavior, and Heart Disease." Hyatt Regency Hotel, Cambridge, Massachusetts. February 2, 1990. Triggering of Onset and Circadian Variation of Acute Cardiovascular Events. Symposium on "Cardiovascular Disease: State of the Art 1990." Lahey Clinic Medical Center. Burlington, Massachusetts. April 6, 1990. Acute Myocardial Infarction: Patterns of Occurrence. American Society of Hypertension 5th Scientific Meeting "Triggering of Acute Myocardial Infarction and Sudden Cardiac Death." The Hilton Hotel, New York, New York. May 17, 1990. Chairman of Symposium, "Clinical Manifestations of Atherosclerosis and Its Prevention." Boca Raton Beach Club, Boca Raton, Florida. January 17-20, 1991. Chairman of Session, "Triggers of Arterial Pressure Surges: Catecholamine Increases After Physical and Mental Stressors" at the American Society of Hypertension Official Symposium. The Hilton Hotel, New York, New York. May 18, 1991. Co-Chairman of Symposium, "Coronary Heart Disease in Women: Questions Facing the Cardiologist" at the Loews Anatole Hotel, Dallas, Texas. April 11, 1991. David Davis Memorial Lecture. Faulkner Hospital. May 21, 1992 Triggering and Circadian Variation of Acute Cardiovascular Disease. Boston University Medical Center, University Hospital Grand Rounds, Boston, Massachusetts, May 1992. Triggering and Circadian Variation of Acute Cardiovascular Disease. "Cardiology Update 1992," Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut. October 21, 1992. Prior Studies of Thrombolysis and Invasive Strategies. Invited Lecturer for the American Heart Association Plenary Session on "Unstable Angina: New Insights and Therapeutic Strategies," New Orleans Convention Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, November 18, 1992. Acute Events and Progression of Disease in Coronary Heart Disease Patients. Conference participant on "Behavior Change and Compliance: Keys to Improving Cardiovascular Health," Monterey, California, January 15-17, 1993. Triggering and Circadian Variation of Acute Cardiovascular Disease. Rhode Island Hospital, Cardiology Grand Rounds, Providence, Rhode Island, February 5, 1993. Catheterization and Thrombolysis for Non-Q-Wave Myocardial Infarction and Unstable Angina: TIMI-3. Harvard Medical School Continuing Medical Education Course on "Interventional Approaches to Coronary Artery Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment." Long Wharf Marriott Hotel, Boston, Massachusetts. April 29-May 1, 1993. Triggering and Acute Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. May 12, 1993

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Triggers of Onset of Acute Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction. American College of Cardiology Second Annual Symposium "Recent Advances in Cardiovascular Therapeutics," Ritz Carlton Hotel, Boston, Massachusetts, June 11, 1993. Circadian Variation and Triggering of Cardiovascular Disease. XV Congress of the European Society of Cardiology, Acropolis, Nice. August 31, 1993. Evidence for Triggering of Myocardial Infarction and Sudden Cardiac Death. Postgraduate Seminar, Council on Clinical Cardiology and Epidemiology, American Heart Association Scientific Sessions. Georgia World Congress Center, Atlanta, Georgia. November 7, 1993. Moderator of Cardiovascular Conference "Management of Unstable Angina," American Heart Association Scientific Sessions. Georgia World Congress Center, Atlanta, Georgia. November 8, 1993. Co-Chairman, Meet the Experts Session on "Triggers of Acute Myocardial Infarction," American College of Cardiology 42nd Annual Scientific Sessions, 1993.

Co-Chairman, Original Oral Contributions Session on "Myocardial Infarction Triggering Mechanisms," American College of Cardiology, 42nd Annual Scientific Sessions, 1993. Symposia and Paper Session on Biobehavioral Triggers of Cardiac Ischemia and Cardiovascular Disease at the 52nd Annual Meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society. Boston, Massachusetts, April 13-16, 1994. Triggering of Acute Vascular Disease. The Eighth Annual Joseph H. Nicholson Lecture. Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, May 2, 1994. Triggering of Onset of Cardiovascular Disease. Cardiovascular Grand Rounds. Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, May 5, 1994. Participant in Symposium "Sleep: An Asset or a Hazard to the Cardiovascular System?" Boston, Massachusetts, June, 1994. "Science, Religion, and Galileo," Dedication Ceremony of the Charles E. and Mary Parente Life Sciences Center. King's College, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, September 16, 1994. Triggering Plaque Disruption and Thrombosis. Lecturer and Panelist. Continuing Medical Education course on "Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes: A New Approach for a New Era." Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, September 29-30, 1994. Triggering of Cardiovascular Disease. American Heart Association's Council on Cardiovascular Nursing "Issues in Critical Care: Coronary Artery Disease Management" American Heart Association 67th Scientific Sessions, Dallas, Texas, November 13, 1994.

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"Will We Be Able to Prevent Coronary Artery Disease by the Year 2005?"American College of Cardiology Scientific Sessions, Plenary Session. March 22, 1995. New Orleans, Louisiana. “Triggers of Acute Ischemic Events” Invited Speaker, Twelfth Annual Sante Fe Colloquium on Cardiovascular Therapy, Santa Fe, New Mexico, October 12-14, 1995. “Education and Research” Invited Speaker, Banquet in Honor of Paul F. Muller, M.D., Marten House Hotel, Indianapolis, Indiana, November 17, 1995. Visiting Professor, University of Virginia. 1995 “Triggers of Cardiovascular Disease Onset” Plenary Session on Plaque Rupture and Triggering of Cardiovascular Disease Onset. American Heart Association’s 69th Scientific Sessions. November 1996. Alpha Omega Alpha James L. Stambaugh Spring Lecture. Keynote Speaker. University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, April 9, 1997. “Cardiovascular Triggers and Morning Events Review” Invited Speaker. XIXth Congress of the European Society of Cardiology, Stockholm, Sweden, August 24-28, 1997. “Triggering of Cardiovascular Disease” Invited Speaker, Division of Cardiology Grand Rounds. University of Louisville School of Medicine, Jewish Hospital Rudd Heart and Lung Institute, Louisville, Kentucky, September 17, 1997. “Triggering and Circadian Variation of Cardiovascular Disease” Keynote Speaker. Cardiovascular Research Forum, American Heart Association Michigan Affiliate, Warner-Lambert/Parke-Davis, Ann Arbor, Michigan, September 26, 1997. “Circadian Variations and Triggering of Cardiovascular Disease” Invited Speaker. Sixteenth Annual Cardiology Symposium, Cardiovascular Consultants, P.A., Rockville, Maryland, October 23 and 24, 1997. “Citizen’s for Public Research (CPR) and Education Funding” Invited Speaker. Plenary Session, American Heart Association’s National Meeting, 70th Scientific Sessions. Orlando, Florida, November 10, 1997. “Triggering of Cardiovascular Disease” Invited Speaker, Department of Pathology Grand Rounds. University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Lexington, KY. February 25, 1998. “Circadian Variations and Triggering of Cardiovascular Disease” Invited Speaker. Lake Louise, Ottowa, Canada. March 15, 1998. “Sexual Activity as a Trigger for Cardiovascular Events: What is the Risk?” Invited Speaker. Cardiovascular Disease and Sexual Health: What do Cardiologists Need to Know? Atlanta, Georgia. March 28, 1998.

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“What is the Coronary Valley?” Keynote Speaker. Coronary Valley Symposium, University of Kentucky Gill Heart Institute, Lexington, KY. April 16-17, 1998. “Morning Awakening and Other Triggers” Invited Speaker, World Congress of Cardiology. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. April 29, 1998. “Triggers of Cardiovascular Disease” Invited Speaker. Cardiology Grand Rounds, Suburban Hospital, Bethesda, Maryland. May 6, 1998. “Triggers of Cardiovascular Disease” Invited Speaker. Cardiology Grand Rounds, University of Maryland College of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. May 6, 1998. “Triggers of Cardiovascular Disease” Invited Speaker. Cardiology Grand Rounds, Frederick Memorial Hospital, Frederick, Maryland. May 7, 1998. “Private Lives and Public Service” Commencement Address, Bellarmine College, Louisville, Kentucky. May 9, 1998. “Triggers of Myocardial Ischemia” Keynote Speaker. 13th Scientific Meeting of the American Society of Hypertension, New York, New York. May 13, 1998. “Identification of Vulnerable Plaques and Overview of the Coronary Valley” Invited Speaker. Internal Medicine Grand Rounds, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky. July 8, 1998. “Triggering, Detection and Possible Treatment of Vulnerable Plaques” Invited Speaker. Parke-Davis Research Forum, Ann Arbor, Michigan. July 15, 1998. “Triggering of Cardiovascular Disease” Invited Speaker. Cardiovascular Medicine Referring Physician’s Conference, University of Kentucky’s Gill Heart Institute, Lexington, Kentucky. September 19, 1998. “Triggering of Sudden Cardiac Death and Non-Fatal Myocardial Infarction” Invited Speaker. University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota. September 25, 1998. “Near-Infrared Detection of Vulnerable Plaques” Invited Speaker. Medicine Grand Rounds, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts. October 8, 1998. “Viagra and Cardiac Health” Invited Speaker. Pfizer CME Program, Griffin Gate Resort, Lexington, Kentucky. October 17, 1998. “Sexual Activity as a Trigger for Cardiovascular Events: What is the Risk?” Invited Speaker. Cardiovascular Disease and Sexual Health: What do Cardiologists Need to Know? Dallas, Texas. November 8, 1998.

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Chairman, “Late Breaking Clinical Trials” Plenary Session. American Heart Association’s 71st Scientific Sessions. Dallas, Texas. November 11, 1998. “Triggers for Sudden Death” Invited Speaker. Sudden Cardiac Death: Determinants and Therapeutic Approaches. Plenary Session at the American College of Cardiology National Meeting, New Orleans, LA, March 8, 1999. Psychosocial Stress and Myocardial Ischemia. Luncheon Panel Chairman. American College of Cardiology National Meeting, New Orleans, LA, March 9, 1999. “Unmet Needs for Devices for Cardiovascular Disease” Invited Speaker. Roundtable on Research and Development of Drugs, Biologics, and Medical Devices. Innovation and Invention in Medical Devices. Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Science, Washington, DC, February 18, 2000. "Detection of Lipid-Rich Plaque by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy". Invited Speaker. Molecular and Physical Characterization of the Vulnerable Plaque, Principal Investigators' Scientific Meeting. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, December 2000. "Non-Thermal Based Discrimination of Vulnerable Plaque". Invited Speaker. Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics Annual Symposium. Washington DC, October 2000. "Psychological Aspects of Triggering of Cardiovascular Disease". Invited Speaker. Broken Hearts: Stress, Depression and Coronary Heart Disease Symposium. 73rd Annual Meeting and Scientific Sessions American Heart Association, November 2000. “Circadian variations in CVD”. Invited Speaker. 74th Annual Meeting and Scientific Sessions, American Heart Association, November 2001. “New Concepts in the Pathogenesis of ACS: Vulnerable and Invulnerable Plaques”. Invited Speaker. Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics Annual Symposium. Washington DC, September 2001. “The Definition of Vulnerable Plaque”, , 1st International Vulnerable Plaque Meeting, Santorini, Greece June 2003 “Opening remarks, and Overview of the Field”, NHLBI/CIMIT Vulnerable Plaque Symposium, Betheseda, MD, January 2004 “Overview of the Field of Vulnerable Plaque Research” 2nd International Vulnerable Plaque Meeting, Taormina, Italy, June 2004 Update on Intravascular Chemography with Near-IR Imaging, TCT Annual International Meeting, September, 2004.

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Keynote Address: “Vulnerable Plaque: Pathophysiology, Detection and Therapeutic Intervention” TCT Annual International Meeting, September, 2004 State-of-the-Art Lecture: “Current Insights into the Pathophysiology and Multi-modality Diagnosis of Vulnerable Plaque”, TCT Annual International Meeting, September, 2004 Invited lecture – Molecular Imaging of the Cardiovascular System, Stockholm, Sweden, September 5, 2005

E. Report of Clinical Activities

1. Clinical practice has been performed exclusively at teaching hospitals. The major field of activity is related to coronary artery disease. All aspects from clinic prevention work to coronary care unit work to consultation for surgeons and others regarding coronary artery disease have been conducted.

2. Patient Load: Approximately 40% of the time was spent in clinical work from 1976 until

1989, after that time patient care has been approximately 15% of effort. Because of expertise in onset of coronary artery disease, many complex cases of prevention have been seen.

3. Clinical Contributions: The most valuable clinical contribution has been the assessment

of risk of various activities regarding the likelihood of causation of onset of a heart attack. This information, which was developed from Dr. Muller’s research, has been used throughout the world for counseling of cardiac patients.

4. Other relevant information: Dr. Muller is frequently requested to speak at national and

international meetings regarding vulnerable plaque and the triggering of onset of cardiovascular disease. He is considered the founder of the field of study of triggering of cardiovascular disease, and an expert on questions related to vulnerable plaque, near-infrared spectroscopic diagnostic methods and causation of acute coronary disease.

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PART III: BIBLIOGRAPHY Original Articles 1. Muller JE, Abdellah FG, Billings FT, Hess AE, Petit D, Egeberg RO. The Soviet Health

System: Aspects of relevance for medicine in the United States. N Engl J Med 1972; 286:693-702.

2. Muller JE, Maroko PR, Braunwald E. Evaluation of precordial electrocardiographic mapping

as a means of assessing changes in myocardial ischemic injury. Circulation 1975; 52:16-27. 3. Hillis LD, Askenazi J, Braunwald E, Radvany P, Muller JE, Fishbein MC, Maroko PR. Use of

changes in the epicardial QRS complex to assess interventions which modify the extent of myocardial necrosis following coronary artery occlusion. Circulation 1976; 54:591-598.

4. Maroko PR, Hillis LD, Muller JE, Tavazzi L, Heyndrickx GR, Ray M, Chiariello M, Distante

A, Askenazi J, Salerno J, Carpentier J, Reshetnaya NI, Radvany P, Libby P, Raabe DS, Chazov EI, Bobba P, Braunwald E. Favorable effects of hyaluronidase on electrocardiographic evidence of necrosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1977; 296:898-903.

5. Muller JE. Diagnosis of myocardial infarction: historical notes from the Soviet Union and the

United States. Am J Cardiol 1977; 40:269-271. 6. Koster JK, Cohn LH, Collins JJ Jr, Sanders JH, Muller JE, Young E. Continuous hypothermic

arrest versus intermittent ischemia for myocardial protection during coronary revascularization. Ann Thorac Surg 1977; 24:330-336.

7. Afonskaya NI, Nikolaeva LF, Saprigin DB, Muller J, Lazutin VK, Ershova NV, Naumova VV.

The effects of hyaluronidase on the course of patients with myocardial infarction. Ter Arkh 1978; 50:51-56.

8. Muller JE, Maroko PR, Braunwald E. Precordial electrocardiographic mapping. A technique

to assess the efficacy of interventions designed to limit infarct size. Circulation 1978;57:1-18. 9. Muller JE, Gunther SJ. Nifedipine therapy for Prinzmetal's angina. Circulation 1978; 57:137-

139. 10. Muller JE, Mochizuki S, Koster JK Jr, Collins JJ Jr, Cohn LH, Neely JR. Insulin therapy for

depressed myocardial contractility after prolonged ischemia. Am J Cardiol 1978; 41:1215-1220.

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11. Radvany P, Davis MA, Muller JE, Maroko PR. Effects of minoxidil on coronary collateral flow and acute myocardial injury following experimental coronary artery occlusion. Cardiovasc Res 1978; 12:120-126.

12. Gunther S, Green L, Muller JE, Mudge GH Jr, Grossman W. Inappropriate coronary

vasoconstriction in patients with coronary artery disease: a role for nifedipine? Am J Cardiol 1979; 44:793-797.

13. Muller JE. Prinzmetal's angina: a model for the role of spasm in ischemic heart disease. J

Cardiovasc Med 1980; 5:19-25. 14. Antman E, Muller J, Goldberg S, MacAlpin R, Rubenfire M, Tabatznik B, Liang C, Heupler F,

Achuff S, Reichek N, Geltman E, Kerin NZ, Neff R, Braunwald E. Nifedipine therapy for coronary artery spasm: experience in 127 patients. N Engl J Med 1980; 302:1269-1273.

15. Muller JE, Antman E, Green LH, Koster JK Jr. Salvage of acutely ischemic myocardium by

emergency coronary artery bypass grafting. Clin Cardiol 1980; 3:276-280. 16. Wolf RA, Chaung L, Muller JE, Kloner RA, Braunwald E. Intravenous bovine testicular

hyaluronidase depolymerizes myocardial hyaluronic acid in dogs with coronary artery occlusion. Circ Res 1980; 48:88-95.

17. Gunther S, Muller JE, Mudge GH Jr, Grossman W. Therapy of coronary vasoconstriction in

patients with coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 1981; 47:157-162. 18. Lown B, Chivian E, Muller J, Abrams H. The nuclear arms race and the physician. N Engl J

Med 1981; 304:726-729. 19. Glogar DH, Kloner RA, Muller JE, DeBoer LW, Braunwald E, Clark LC Jr. Fluorocarbons

reduce myocardial ischemic damage after coronary occlusion. Science 1981; 211:1439-1441. 20. Gunther S, Green L, Muller JE, Mudge GH Jr, Grossman W. Prevention by nifedipine of

abnormal coronary vasoconstriction in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation 1981; 63:849-855.

21. Rude RE, Glogar D, Khuri SF, Kloner RA, Karaffa S, Muller JE, Clark LC Jr, Braunwald E.

Effects of intravenous fluorocarbons on acute myocardial ischemic injury assessed by measurement of intramyocardial gas tensions. Am Heart J 1982; 103:986-995.

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22. Goldman L, Cook F, Hashimoto B, Stone P, Muller J, Loscalzo A. Evidence that hospital care for acute myocardial infarction has not contributed to the decline in coronary mortality between 1973-1974 and 1978-1979. Circulation 1982; 65:936-942.

23. Stone PH, Muller JE. Nifedipine therapy for recurrent ischemic pain following myocardial

infarction. Clin Cardiol 1982: 5:223-230. 24. Wolf RA, Chaung LY, O'Hara D, Smith TW, Muller JE. The serum kinetics of bovine

testicular hyaluronidase in dogs, rats, and humans. J Pharm and Exp Therap 1982; 222:331-337.

25. Stone PH, Turi ZG, Muller JE. Efficacy of nifedipine therapy for refractory angina pectoris.

Am Heart J 1982; 104:672-681. 26. Muller JE. Coronary artery thrombosis: historical aspects. J Am Coll Cardiol 1983; 1:893-

896. 27. Goldhaber SZ, White HD, Holman BL, Nesto RW, Mudge GH, Muller JE, Kozlowski J,

Wynne J. Prevention by nifedipine of cold pressor-induced decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol 1983; 1:1512-1517.

28. Stone PH, Muller JE, Turi ZG, Geltman E, Jaffe AS, Braunwald E. Efficacy of nifedipine

therapy in patients with refractory angina pectoris: significance of the presence of coronary vasospasm. Am Heart J 1983; 106:644-652.

29. Smith JL, Ambos HD, Gold HK, Muller JE, Poole WK, Raabe DS Jr, Rude RE. Enzymatic

estimation of myocardial infarct size when early creatine kinase values are not available. Am J Cardiol 1983; 51:1294-1300.

30. Rude RE, Poole WK, Muller JE, Turi Z, Rutherford J, Parker C, Roberts R, Raabe DS Jr, Gold

HK, Stone PH, Willerson JT, Braunwald E, and the MILIS Study Group. Electrocardiographic and clinical criteria for the recognition of acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1983; 52:936-942.

31. Wolf RA, Glogar D, Chaung L-Y, Garrett PE, Ertl G, Tumas J, Braunwald E, Kloner RA,

Feldstein ML, Muller JE. Heparin inhibits bovine testicular hyaluronidase activity in myocardium of dogs with coronary artery occlusion. Am J Cardiol 1984; 53:941-944.

32. Muller JE, Turi ZG, Pearle DL, Schneider JF, Serfas DH, Morrison J, Stone PH, Rude RE,

Rosner B, Sobel BE, Tate C, Scheiner E, Roberts R, Hennekens CH, Braunwald E. Nifedipine and conventional therapy for unstable angina pectoris: a randomized, double-blind comparison. Circulation 1984; 69:728-739.

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33. Muller JE, Morrison J, Stone PH, Rude RE, Rosner B, Roberts R, Pearle DL, Turi ZG, Schneider JF, Serfas DH, Tate C, Scheiner E, Sobel BE, Hennekens CH, Braunwald E. Nifedipine therapy for patients with threatened and acute myocardial infarction: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison. Circulation 1984; 69:740-747.

34. Roberts R, Croft C, Gold HK, Hartwell TD, Jaffe AS, Muller JE, Mullin SM, Parker C,

Passamani ER, Poole WK, Raabe DS, Rude RE, Stone PH, Turi ZG, Sobel BE, Willerson JT, Braunwald E, and the MILIS Study Group. Effect of propranolol on myocardial infarct size in a randomized, blinded, multicenter trial. N Engl J Med 1984; 311:218-225.

35. Hackel DB, Reimer KA, Ideker RE, Mikat EM, Hartwell TD, Parker CB, Braunwald E, Gold

HK, Raabe DS, Rude RE, Sobel BE, Stone PH, Buja M, Muller JE, Roberts R, and the MILIS Study Group. Comparison of enzymatic and anatomic estimates of myocardial infarct size in man. Circulation 1984; 70:824-835.

36. Mukharji J, Rude R, Poole WK, Gustafson N, Lewis JT, Strauss HW, Jaffe AS, Muller JE,

Roberts R, Raabe DS, Croft CH, Passamani E, Braunwald E, Willerson JT, and the MILIS Study Group. Late sudden death after acute myocardial infarction: multivariate analysis of risk factors (two-year follow-up). Am J Cardiol 1984; 54:31-37.

37. Ware JH, Muller JE, Braunwald E. The Futility Index: an approach to the cost-effective

termination of randomized clinical trials. Am J Med 1985; 78:635-643. 38. Turi Z, Rutherford JD, Roberts R, Muller JE, Jaffe AS, Rude RE, Raabe DS, Parker C, Stone

PH, Hartwell TD, Lewis SE, Parker RW, Gold HK, Sobel BE, Willerson JT, Braunwald E, and Cooperating Investigators, The Multicenter Investigation of the Limitation of Infarct Size (MILIS). Comparison of enzymatic, scintigraphic, and electrocardiographic criteria for detection of acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1985; 55:1463-1468.

39. Muller JE, Stone PH, Turi ZG, Rutherford JD, Czeisler C, Parker C, Poole WK,

Passamani E, Roberts R, Robertson T, Sobel BE, Willerson JT, Braunwald E, and the MILIS Study Group. Circadian variation in the frequency of onset of acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1985; 313:1315-1322.

40. Wheelan K, Mukharji J, Rude R, Poole WK, Gustafson N, Thomas LJ, Strauss W, Jaffe AS,

Muller JE, Roberts R, Croft CH, Passamani ER, Willerson JT, and the MILIS Study group. Sudden death and its relationship to QT interval prolongation following acute myocardial infarction (two-year follow-up). Am J Cardiol 1986; 57:745-750.

41. Muller JE, Turi ZG, Stone PH, Rude RE, Raabe DS, Jaffe AS, Gold HK, Gustafson N, Poole

WK, Passamani E, Smith TW, Braunwald E, and the MILIS Study Group. Digoxin therapy and mortality following myocardial infarction: experience in the MILIS Study. N Engl J Med 1986; 314:265-271.

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42. Lamas GA, Muller JE, Turi ZG, Stone PH, Rutherford JD, Jaffe AS, Raabe DS, Rude RE, Mark DB, Califf RM, Gold HK, Robertson T, Passamani ER, Braunwald E, and the MILIS Study Group. A simplified method to predict the occurrence of complete heart block during acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1986; 57:1213-1219.

43. MILIS Study Group. Manuscript prepared by Muller JE. Hyaluronidase therapy for acute

myocardial infarction: results of a randomized, blinded, multicenter trial. Am J Cardiol 1986; 57:1236-1243.

44. Croft CH, Rude RE, Gustafson N, Stone PH, Poole WK, Roberts R, Strauss HW, Raabe DS,

Thomas LJ, Jaffe AS, Muller JE, Hoagland P, Sobel BE, Passamani ER, Braunwald E, Willerson JT, and the MILIS Study Group. Abrupt beta-blockade withdrawal in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Effects on infarct size, left ventricular function, and hospital course. Circulation 1986; 73:1281-1290.

45. Turi ZG, Stone PH, Muller JE, Parker CB, Rude RE, Raabe DS, Jaffe AS, Hartwell TD,

Robertson TL, Braunwald E, and the MILIS Study Group. Implications for acute intervention related to time of hospital arrival in acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1986; 58:203-209.

46. Stone PH, Turi ZG, Muller JE, Parker C, Hartwell T, Rutherford JD, Jaffe AS, Raabe DS,

Passamani ER, Willerson JT, Sobel BE, Robertson T, Braunwald E, and the MILIS Study Group. Prognostic significance of the treadmill exercise test performance six months after myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 1986; 8:1007-17.

47. Muller JE, Ludmer PL, Willich SN, Tofler GH, Aylmer G, Klangos I, Stone PH. Circadian

variation in the frequency of sudden cardiac death. Circulation 1987; 75:131-138. 48. Tofler GH, Stone PH, Muller JE, Willich SN, Davis VG, Poole WK, Strauss HW, Willerson

JT, Jaffe AS, Robertson T, Passamani E, Braunwald E, and the MILIS Study Group. Effects of gender and race on prognosis after myocardial infarction: adverse prognosis for women, particularly black women. J Am Coll Cardiol 1987; 9:473-482.

49. Tofler GH, Stone PH, Muller JE, Rutherford JD, Willich SN, Gustafson NF, Poole WK, Sobel

BE, Willerson JT, Robertson T, Passamani E, Braunwald E, and the MILIS Study Group. Prognosis after cardiac arrest due to ventricular tachycardia and/or ventricular fibrillation associated with acute myocardial infarction (The MILIS Study). Am J Cardiol 1987; 60:755-61.

50. Willich SN, Levy D, Rocco MB, Tofler GH, Stone PH, Muller JE. Circadian variation in the

incidence of sudden cardiac death in the Framingham Heart Study population. Am J Cardiol 1987; 60:801-806.

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51. Tofler GH, Brezinski D, Schafer AI, Czeisler CA, Rutherford JD, Willich SN, Gleason RE,

Williams GH, Muller JE. Concurrent morning increase in platelet aggregability and the risk of myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. N Engl J Med 1987; 316:1514-1518.

52. Cox DA, Stone PH, Muller JE, Parker C, Hartwell TD, Rutherford JD, Roberts R, Jaffe AS,

Hackel DB, Passamani ER, Robertson T, Sobel BE, Willerson JT, Braunwald E, and the MILIS Study Group. Prognostic implications of an early peak in plasma MB creatine kinase in patients with acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 1987; 10:979-990.

53. Willich SN, Stone PH, Muller JE, Tofler GH, Crowder J, Parker C, Rutherford JD, Turi ZG,

Robertson T, Passamani E, Braunwald E, and the MILIS Study Group. High-risk subgroups of patients with non-Q-wave myocardial infarction based on direction and severity of ST segment deviation. Am Heart J 1987; 114:1110-1119.

54. Muller JE, Rude RE, Braunwald E, Hartwell TD, Roberts R, Sobel BE, Ritter C, Parker CB,

Jaffe AS, Stone PH, Raabe DS, Willerson JT, Robertson T, and the MILIS Study Group. Myocardial infarct extension: occurrence, outcome, and risk factors in the Multicenter Investigation of Limitation of Infarct Size. Ann Int Med 1988; 108:1-6.

55. Brezinski DA, Tofler GH, Muller JE, Pohjola-Sintonen S, Willich SN, Schafer AI, Czeisler

CA, Williams GH. Morning increase in platelet aggregability: association with assumption of the upright posture. Circulation 1988; 78:35-40.

56. Tofler GH, Muller JE, Stone PH, Willich SN, Davis VG, Poole WK, Braunwald E, and the

MILIS Study Group. Factors leading to shorter survival after acute myocardial infarction in patients aged 65 to 75 years compared to younger patients. Am J Cardiol 1988; 62:860-867.

57. Roberts R, Braunwald E, Muller JE, Croft C, Gold HK, Hartwell TD, Jaffe AS, Mullin SM,

Parker C, Passamani E, Poole WK, Robertson T, Raabe DS Jr, Rude RE, Stone PH, Turi ZG, Sobel BE, Willerson JT, and the MILIS Study Group. Effect of hyaluronidase on mortality and morbidity in patients with early peaking of plasma creatine-kinase MB and non-transmural ischemia: the MILIS study. Br Heart J 1988; 60: 290-298.

58. Hands ME, Cook EF, Stone PH, Muller JE, Hartwell T, Sobel BE, Roberts R, Braunwald E,

Rutherford JD, and the MILIS Study Group. Electrocardiographic diagnosis of myocardial infarction in the presence of complete left bundle branch block. Am Heart J 1988; 116:23-30.

59. Lee RT, Lee TH, Poole WK, Gustafson N, Stone PH, Jaffe AS, Muller JE, Sobel BE, Roberts

R, Braunwald E, and the MILIS Study Group. Rate of disappearance of creatine kinase-MB after acute myocardial infarction: clinical determinants of variability. Am Heart J 1988; 116:1493-1499.

60. Stone PH, Raabe DS, Jaffe AS, Gustafson N, Muller JE, Turi ZG, Rutherford JD, Poole WK,

Passamani E, Willerson JT, Sobel BE, Robertson T, Braunwald E, for the MILIS Study Group. Prognostic significance of location and type of myocardial infarction: Independent adverse outcome associated with anterior location. J Am Coll Cardiol 1988; 11:453-63.

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61. Willich SN, Pohjola-Sintonen S, Bhatia S, Shook TL, Tofler GH, Muller JE, Curtis DG, Williams GH, Stone PH. Suppression of silent ischemia by metoprolol without altering the of platelet aggregability in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Circulation 1989; 79:557-565.

62. Tofler GH, Muller JE, Stone PH, Willich SN, Davis VG, Poole WK, Robertson T, Braunwald

E, and the MILIS Study Group. Pericarditis in acute myocardial infarction: characterization and clinical significance. Am Heart J 1989; 117:86-92.

63. Loscalzo J, Wharton TP, Kirshenbaum JM, Levine HJ, Flaherty JT, Topol EJ, Ramaswamy K,

Kosowsky BD, Salem DN, Ganz P, Brinker JA, Gurewich V, Muller JE, and the Prourokinase for Myocardial Infarction Study Group. Clot selective coronary thrombolysis with prourokinase. Circulation 1989; 79:776-782.

64. Marler JR, Price TR, Clark GL, Muller JE, Robertson T, Mohr JP, Hier DB, Wolf PA,

Caplan LR, Foulkes MA. Morning increase of stroke onset. Stroke 1989; 20:473-476. 65. Pohjola-Sintonen S, Muller JE, Stone PH, Willich SN, Antman EM, Davis V, Parker CB,

Braunwald E, and the MILIS Study Group. Ventricular septal and free wall rupture complicating acute myocardial infarction: experience in the MILIS Study. Am Heart J 1989; 117:809-816.

66. Hands ME, Rutherford JD, Muller JE, Davies G, Stone PH, Parker C, Braunwald E. The in-

hospital development of cardiogenic shock after myocardial infarction: incidence, predictors of occurrence, outcome, and prognostic factors. J Am Coll Cardiol 1989; 14:40-46.

67. Stone PH, Mulller JE, Hartwell T, York BJ, Rutherford JD, Parker CB, Turi ZG, Strauss HW,

Willerson JT, Robertson T, Braunwald E, Jaffe AS, and the MILIS Study Group. The effect of diabetes mellitus on prognosis and serial left ventricular function following acute myocardial infarction: contribution of both coronary disease and diastolic left ventricular dysfunction to the adverse prognosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 1989; 14:49-57.

68. Peters RW, Muller JE, Goldstein S, Byington R, Friedman L. Propranolol and the morning

increase in the frequency of sudden cardiac death. (The BHAT Study). Am J Cardiol 1989; 63:1518-1520.

69. Muller JE, Tofler GH, Edelman E. Probable triggers of onset of acute myocardial

infarction. Clin Cardiol 1989;12:473. 70. Goldberg RJ, Brady P, Muller JE, Chen Z, De Groot M, Zonnefeld P, Dalen JE. Time of onset

of symptoms of acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1990; 66:140-144. 71. Tofler GH, Stone PH, Maclure M, Edelman E, Davis VG, Robertson T, Antman EM,

Muller JE, and the MILIS Study Group. Analysis of possible triggers of acute myocardial infarction (The MILIS Study). Am J Cardiol 1990; 66:22-27.

72. Brezinski D, Stone PH, Muller JE, Tofler GH, Davis V, Parker C, Hartley LH, Braunwald E,

and the MILIS Study Group. Prognostic significance of the Karnofsky Performance Status

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Score in patients with acute myocardial infarction: comparison with the left ventricular ejection fraction and the exercise treadmill test performance. Am Heart J 1991; 121:1374-1381.

73. The MILIS Study Group. Reproducibility of centralized laboratory interpretations of measures

of myocardial infarct size, ventricular function, and ventricular electrical instability scintigraphy. Coronary Artery Disease 1991; 2:977-984.

74. Jimenez AH, Stubbs ME, Tofler GH, Winther K, Williams GH, Muller JE. Rapidity and

duration of platelet suppression by enteric-coated aspirin in healthy young men. Am J Cardiol 1992; 69:258-262.

75. Winther K, Hillegass W, Tofler GH, Jimenez A, Brezinski DA, Schafer AI, Loscalzo J,

Williams GH, Muller JE. Effects on platelet aggregation and fibrinolytic activity during upright posture and exercise in healthy men. Am J Cardiol 1992; 70:1051-1055.

76. Willich SN, Tofler GH, Brezinski DA, Schafer AI, Muller JE, Michel T, Colucci WS. Platelet

alpha2 adrenoceptor characteristics during the morning increase in platelet aggregability. Eur

Heart J 1992; 13:550-555. 77. Willich SN, Goldberg RJ, Maclure M, Perriello L, Muller JE. Increased onset of sudden

cardiac death in the first three hours after awakening. Am J Cardiol 1992; 70:65-68. 78. Tofler GH, Muller JE, Stone PH, Forman S, Solomon RE, Knatterud GL, Braunwald E.

Modifiers of timing and possible triggers of acute myocardial infarction in the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Phase II (TIMI II) Study Group. J Am Coll Cardiol 1992; 20:1049-55.

79. The TIMI IIIA Investigators (James E. Muller, Co-Investigator; Member, Executive and

Writing Committees). Early effects of tissue-type plasminogen activator added to conventional therapy on the culprit lesion in patients presenting with ischemic cardiac pain at rest. Results of the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Ischemia Trial. Circulation 1993; 87:38-52.

80. Tofler GH, Muller JE, Stone PH, Davies G, Davis VG, Braunwald E, and the Multicenter

Investigation of the Limitation of Infarct Size (MILIS). Comparison of long-term outcome after acute myocardial infarction in patients never graduated from high school with that in more educated patients. Am J Cardiol 1993; 71:1031-1035.

81. Mittleman MA, Maclure M, Tofler GH, Sherwood JB, Goldberg RJ, Muller JE, for the

Determinants of Myocardial Infarction Onset Study Investigators. Triggering of acute myocardial infarction by heavy physical exertion: Protection against triggering by regular exertion. N Engl J Med 1993; 329:1677-1683.

82. Jimenez AH, Tofler GH, Chen X, Stubbs ME, Solomon HS, Muller JE. Effects of nadolol on

hemodynamic and hemostatic responses to potential mental and physical triggers of myocardial infarction in subjects with mild systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol 1993; 72:47-52.

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83. Welty FK, Mittleman MA, Healy RW, Muller JE, Shubrooks SJ. Similar results of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty for women and men with post-myocardial infarction ischemia. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994; 23:35-39.

84. Parker JD, Testa MA, Jimenez AH, Tofler GH, Muller JE, Parker JO, Stone PH. Morning

increase in ambulatory ischemia in patients with stable coronary artery disease: Importance of physical activity and increased cardiac demand. Circulation 1994; 89:604-614.

85. Jimenez AH, Tofler GH, Chen X, Stubbes ME, Solomon HS, Muller JE. Hemodynamic and

hemostatic responses to morning and evening exertion in systemic hypertension and implications for triggering of acute cardiovascular disease. Am J Cardiol 1994; 74:253-257.

86. The TIMI IIIB Investigators (James E. Muller, Co-Investigator; Member, Executive and

Writing Committee). Effects of tissue plasminogen activator and a comparison of early invasive and conservative strategies in unstable angina and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction: Results of the TIMI IIIB Trial. Circulation 1994; 89:1545-1556.

87. Jacobs SC, Friedman R, Parker JD, Tofler GH, Jimenez AH, Muller JE, Benson H, Stone PH.

Use of skin conductance changes during mental stress testing as an index of autonomic arousal in cardiovascular research. Am Heart J 1994; 128 (6 Part 1):1170-1177.

88. Kloner RA, Muller J, Davis V, for the MILIS Study Group. Effects of previous angina

pectoris in patients with first acute myocardial infarction not receiving thrombolytics. Am J Cardiol 1995; 75:615-617.

89. Abela GS, Picon PD, Friedl S, Gebara OC, Miyamoto A, Federman M, Tofler GH, Muller JE.

Triggering of plaque disruption and arterial thrombosis in an atherosclerotic rabbit model. Circulation 1995; 91:776-784.

90. Gebara OCE, Mittleman MA, Sutherland P, Lipinska I, Matheney T, Xu P, Welty FK, Wilson

PWF, Levy D, Muller JE, Tofler GH. Association between increased estrogen status and increased fibrinolytic potential in the Framingham Offspring Study. Circulation 1995; 91:1952-1958.

91. Tofler GH, Gebara OCE, Mittleman MA, Taylor P, Siegel W, Venditti FJ Jr, Rasmussen CA,

Muller JE, for the CPI Investigators. Morning peak in ventricular tachyarrhythmias detected by time of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy. Circulation 1995; 92: 1203-1208.

92. Mittleman MA, Maclure M, Sherwood JB, Mulry RP, Tofler GH, Jacobs SC, Friedman R,

Benson H, Muller JE. Triggering of acute myocardial infarction onset by episodes of anger. Circulation 1995; 92:1720-1725.

93. Welty FJ, Mittleman MA, Lewis SM, Healy RW, Shubrooks SJ Jr, Muller JE. Significance of

location (anterior vs inferior) and type (Q vs non-Q) of acute myocardial infarction in patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty for postinfarction ischemia. Am J Cardiol 1995; 6:431-435.

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94. Cohen MC, McKenna C, Lewis SM, Muller JE. Requirements for controlled clinical trials of preoperative cardiovascular risk reduction. Controlled Clin Trials 1995; 6:89-95.

95. Zarich SW, Kowalchuk GJ, Weaver WD, Loscalzo J, Sassower M, Manzo K, Byrnes C, Muller

JE, Gurewich V, for the Patent Study Group. Sequential combination thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction: results of the pro-urokinase and t-PA enhancement of thrombolysis (PATENT) Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995; 26:374-379.

96. Waxman S, Sassower MA, Mittleman MA, Zarich S, Miyamoto A, Manzo KS, MullerJE,

Abela GS, Nesto RW. Angioscopic predictors of early adverse outcome after coronary angioplasty in patients with unstable angina and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction. Circulation 1996; 93:2106-2113.

97. Muller JE, Mittleman MA, Maclure M, Sherwood JB, Tofler GH, for the Determinants of

Myocardial Infarction Onset Study Investigators. Triggering of myocardial infarction by sexual activity: Low absolute risk and prevention by regular physical exertion. JAMA 1996; 275:1405-1409.

98. Gebara OCE, Jimenez AH, McKenna C, Mittleman M, Xu P, Lipinska I, Muller JE, Tofler

GH. Stress-induced hemodynamic and hemostatic changes in subjects with systemic hypertension: effect of verapamil. Clin Cardiol. 1996; 19(3):205-11.

99. Mittleman MA, Maclure M, Nachnani M, Sherwood JB, Muller JE, for the Determinants of

Myocardial Infarction Onset Study Investigators. Educational attainment, anger, and the risk of triggering myocardial infarction onset. Arch Intern Med 1997; 157:769-775.

100. Cannon CP, McCabe CH, Stone PH, Schactman M, Thompson B, Theroux P, Gibson RS,

Feldman T, Kleiman NS, Tofler GH, Muller JE, Chaitman BR, Braunwald E for the TIMI III Registry and TIMI IIIB Investigators. Circadian variation of the onset of unstable angina and non-Q-wave acute myocardial infarction (The TIMI III Registry and TIMI IIIB). Am J Cardiol 1997; 79:253-8.

101. Cohen M, Rohtla KM, Lavery CE, Muller JE, Mittleman MA. Meta-analysis of the morning

excess of acute myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. Am J Cardiol 1997; 79:1512-1516.

102. Feng D, McKenna C, Murillo J, Mittleman MA, Gebara OC, Lipinska I, Muller JE, Tofler GH.

Effect of aspirin dosage and enteric coating on platelet reactivity. Am J Cardiol 1997; 80:189-193.

103. Rosito GA, Gebara OCE, McKenna CA, Solomon HS, Muller JE, Tofler GH. Effect of

sustained-release verapamil on the morning systemic arterial pressure surge during daily activity in patients with systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol 1997; 79:1252-1254.

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104. Waxman S, Mittleman MA, Zarich SW, Fitzpatrick PJ, Lewis SM, Leeman DE, Shubrooks SJ, Snyder JT, Muller JE, Nesto RW. Angioscopic assessment of coronary lesions underlying thrombosis. Amer J Cardiol 1997; 79:1106-1109.

105. Welty FK, Mittleman MA, Wilson PWF, Sutherland PA, Matheney TH, Lipinska I, Muller JE,

Levy D, Tofler GH. Hypobetalipoproteinemia is associated with low levels of hemostatic risk factors in the Framingham Offspring Population. Circulation 1997; 95:825-830.

106. Lavery CE, Mittleman MA, Cohen MC, Muller JE, Verrier RL. Nonuniform nighttime

distribution of acute cardiac events: a possible effect of sleep states. Circulation 1997; 96:3321-3327.

107. Gebara OC, Mittleman MA, Walsh BW, Lipinska I, Welty FK, Bellotti G, Muller JE, Sacks

FK, Tofler GH. Fibrinolytic potential is significantly increased by estrogen treatment in postmenopausal women with mild dyslipidemia. Heart 1998; 80:235-9.

108. Andrews TC, Parker JD, Jacobs S, Friedman R, Cummings N, MacCallum G, Mannting F,

Tofler GH, Carlson W, Muller JE, Stone PH. Effects of therapy with nifedipine GITS or atenolol on mental stress-induced ischemic left ventricular dysfunction. JACC 1998; 32:1680-6.

109. Black HR, Elliott WJ, Neaton JD, Grandits G, Grambsch P, Grimm RH, Hansson L,

Lacouciere Y, Muller JE, Sleight P, Weber MA, White WB, Williams G, Wittes J, Zanchetti A, Fakouhi D for the CONVINCE Research Group. Rationale and Design for the Controlled Onset Verapamil Investigation of Cardiovascular Endpoints (CONVINCE) Trial. Controlled Clinical Trials 1998; 19:370-390.

110. Feng D; Lindpaintner K; Larson MG; Rao VS; O'Donnell CJ; Lipinska I; Schmitz C;

Sutherland PA; Silbershatz H; D'Agostino RB; Muller JE; Myers RH; Levy D; Tofler GH. Increased platelet aggregability associated with platelet GPIIIa PlA2 polymorphism: the Framingham Offspring Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1999; 19(4):1142-7.

111. Mittleman MA, Mintzer D, Maclure M, Tofler GH, Sherwood JB, Muller JE. Triggering of

myocardical infarction by cocaine. Circulation 1999; 21:2737-41. 112. Sheth T; Nair C; Muller J; Yusuf S. Increased winter mortality from acute myocardial

infarction and stroke: the effect of age. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999; 33(7):1916-9. 113. Mukamal KJ; Mittleman MA; Maclure M; Sherwood JB; Goldberg RJ; Muller JE. Recent

aspirin use is associated with smaller myocardial infarct size and lower likelihood of Q-wave infarction . Am Heart J 1999; 137(6):1120-8.

114. Mukamal KJ, Muller JE, Maclure M, Sherwood JB, Mittleman MA. Increased risk of congestive heart failure among infarctions with nighttime onset. Am Heart J 2000; 140(3):438-42. 115. Stec JJ, Silbershatz H, Tofler GH, Matteney TH, Sutherland P, Lipinska I, Massaro JM,

Wilson PF, Muller JE, D'Agostino RB Sr. Association of fibrinogen with cardiovascular risk

32

factors and cardiovascular disease in the Framingham Offspring Population. Circulation 2000; 102(14):1634-1638.

116. Feng D, Tofler GH, Larson MG, O'Donnell CJ, Lipinska I, Schmitz C, Sutherland PA,

Johnstone MT, Muller JE, D'Agostino RB, Levy D, Lindpaintner K. Factor VII Gene polymorphism, Factor VII levels, and prevalent cardiovascular disease: The Framingham Heart Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2000; 20(2):593-600.

117. Poli KA, Tofler GH, Larson MG, Evans JC, Sutherland PA, Lipinska I, Mittleman MA, Muller

JE, D'Agostino RB, Wilson PW, Levy D. Association of blood pressure with fibrinolytic potential in the Framingham Offspring Population. Circulation 2000; 101(3):264-269.

118. Black HR, Elliott WJ, Neaton JD, Grandits G, Grambsch P, Grimm, RH, Jr,Hansson

Lacouciere Y, Muller JE, Sleight P, Weber MA, White WB, Williams G, Wittes J, Zanchetti A, Fakouhi TD, Anders RJ. Baseline characteristics and early blood pressure control in the CONVINCE Trial. Hypertension 2001; 37:12-18.

119. Mittleman MA, Lewis R, Maclure M, Sherwood JB, Muller JE. Triggering of myocardial

infarction by marijuana. Circulation 200l; 103(232):2805-2809. 120. Feng D, Lindpaintner K, Larson MG, O'Donnell CJ, Lipinska I, Sutherland PA, Mittleman

MA, D'Agostino RB, Levy D, Tofler GH. Platelet Glycoproein IIIa P1(A) polymorphism, fibrinogen, and platelet aggregability: The Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 2001; 104(2):140-144.

121. Peters A, Dockery DW, Muller JE, Mittleman MA. Increased particulate air pollution and the

triggering of myocardial infarction. Circulation 2001; 103(23):2801-2805. 122. Mukamal KJ, Maclure M, Muller JE, Sherwood JB, Mittleman AM. Prior alcohol

consumption and mortality following acute myocardial infarction. JAMA 2001; 285(15):1965-1970.

123. Mukamal KJ, Nesto RW, Cohen MC, Muller JE, Maclure M, Sherwood JB, Mittleman MA.

Impact of diabetes on long-term survival after acute myocardial infarction: comparability of risk with prior myocardial infarction. Diabetes Care. 2001; 24(8):1422-7.

124. Mukamal KJ, JadhaavPP, D’Agostino RB, Massaro JM, Mittleman MA, Lipinska I,

Sutherland PA, Matheney T, Levy D, Wilson PW, Ellison RC, Silbershatz H, Muller JE, Tofler GH. Alcohol consumption and hemostatic factors: analysis of the Framingham Offspring cohort. Circulation. 2001; 104(12):1367-73.

125. Mukamal KJ, Muller JE, Maclure M, Sherwood JB, Mittleman MA. Evaluation of sex-related

differences in survival after hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 2001; 88(7):768-71.

126. Mukamal KJ, Maclure M, Sherwood JB, Kannam JP, Muller JE, Mittleman MA. Height is not

associated with long-term survival after acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 2001; 142(5):852-6.

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127. Kloner RA, Das S, Poole WK, Perrit R, Muller J, Cannon CP, Braunwald E. Seasonal

variation of myocardial infarct size. Am J Cardiol 2001; 88:1021-1024. 128. Moreno PR, Lodder RA, Purushothaman KR, Charash WE, O’Connor WN, Muller, JE. Detection of lipid pool, thin fibrous cap, and inflammatory cells in human aortic atherosclerotic plaques by near-infrared spectroscopy. Circulation, 2002; 105(8):923-8. 129. Mukamal KJ, Muller JE, Maclure M, Sherwood JB, Mittleman MA. Variation in the risk of onset of acute myocardial infarction during the menstrual cycle.Am J Cardiol. 2002;90(1):49-51. 130. Mukamal KJ, Maclure M, Muller JE, Sherwood JB, Mittleman MA. Tea

consumption and mortality following acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 2002; 105(21):2476-81.

131. Mukamal KJ. Muller JE. Walkoff DS. Maclure M. Sherwood JB. Mittleman MA. Comparison of courses of patients with acute myocardial infarction with chest pain appearing during exertion versus those with chest pain not occurring during exertion. American Journal of Cardiology. 2002; 90(6):642-5. 132. Cohen MC, Siewers AE, Dickens JD Jr, Hill T, Muller JE. Perioperative and long-term prognostic value of dipyridamole Tc-99m sestamibi myocardial tomography in patients evaluated for elective vascular surgery. J Nucl Cardiol. 2003;10(5):464-72. 133. Rana JS. Mukamal KJ. Morgan JP. Muller JE. Mittleman MA. Circadian variation in the onset of myocardial infarction: effect of duration of diabetes. Diabetes. 2003; 52(6):1464-8. 134. Hamblin MR, Tawakol A, Castano AP, Gad F, Zahra, Ahmadi A, Stern J, Ortel B, Chirico S, Shirazi A, Syed S, and Muller JE. Macrophage-targeted photodynamic detection of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque. SPIE Proceedings, 2003; 4949:466-476. 135. Mukamal KJ, Maclure M, Muller JE, Sherwood JB, Mittleman MA. Caffeinated coffee consumption and mortality after acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J. 2004; 147(6):999-1004. 136. Schaar JA, Muller JE, Falk E, Virmani R, Fuster V, Serruys PW, Colombo A, Stefanadis C, Ward Casscells S, Moreno PR, Maseri A, Van Der Steen AF. Terminology for high-risk and vulnerable coronary artery plaques. Eur Heart J. 2004; 25(12):1077-82. 137. Mukamal KJ, Maclure M, Muller JE, Sherwood JB, Mittleman MA. Educational attainment and myocardial infarct-related congestive heart failure (the Determinants of Myocardial Infarction Onset Study).

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Am J Cardiol. 2004; 93(10):1288-91. 138. Rana JS, Mukamal KJ, Morgan JP, Muller JE, Mittleman MA. Obesity and the risk of death after acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J. 2004;147(5):841-6. 139. Rosito GA, D'Agostino RB, Massaro J, Lipinska I, Mittleman MA, Sutherland P, Wilson PW, Levy D, Muller JE, Tofler GH. Association between obesity and a prothrombotic state: the Framingham Offspring Study. Thromb Haemost. 2004; 91(4):683-9. 140. Whang W, Mittleman MA, Rich DQ, Wang PJ, Ruskin JN, Tofler GH, Muller JE, Albert CM; TOVA Investigators. Heart failure and the risk of shocks in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators: results from the Triggers Of Ventricular Arrhythmias (TOVA) study. Circulation. 2004;109(11):1386-91. 141. Miyamoto A, Prieto AR, Friedl SE, Lin FC, Muller JE, Nesto RW, Abela GS. Atheromatous plaque cap thickness can be determined by quantitative color analysis during angioscopy: implications for identifying the vulnerable plaque. Clin Cardiol. 2004; 27(1):9-15. 142. Tawakol A, Migrino RQ, Hoffmann U, Abbara S, Houser S, Gewirtz H, Muller JE, Brady TJ,

Fischman AJ. Noninvasive in vivo measurement of vascular inflammation with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. J Nucl Cardiol. 2005 May-Jun;12(3):294-301.

143. Mukamal KJ, Maclure M, Muller JE, Mittleman MA.

Binge drinking and mortality after acute myocardial infarction. Circulation. 2005 Dec 20;112(25):3839-45.

144. Tofler GH, Massaro J, Levy D, Mittleman M, Sutherland P, Lipinska I, Muller JE, D'Agostino

RB. Relation of the prothrombotic state to increasing age (from the Framingham Offspring Study). Am J Cardiol. 2005 Nov

1;96(9):1280-3. Epub 2005 Sep 8. 145. Bosch JL, Beinfeld MT, Muller JE, Brady T, Gazelle GS.

A cost-effectiveness analysis of a hypothetical catheter-based strategy for the detection and treatment of vulnerable coronary plaques with drug-eluting stents. J Interv Cardiol. 2005 Oct;18(5):339-49.

146. Tawakol A, Migrino RQ, Aziz KS, Waitkowska J, Holmvang G, Alpert NM, Muller JE,

Fischman AJ, Gewirtz H. High-dose folic acid acutely improves coronary vasodilator function in patients with coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005 May 17;45(10):1580-4. Epub 2005 Apr 26.

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147. Rana JS, Mukamal KJ, Nesto RW, Morgan JP, Muller JE, Mittleman MA.

Effect of diabetes mellitus and its treatment on ventricular arrhythmias complicating acute myocardial infarction. Diabet Med. 2005 May;22(5):576-82.

148. Black HR, Elliott WJ, Grandits G, Grambsch P, Lucente T, Neaton JD, Grimm RH Jr, Hansson L, Lacourcière Y, Muller JE, Sleight P, Weber MA, White WB, Williams GH, Wittes J, Zanchetti A, Anders RJ; CONVINCE Research Group

Results of the Controlled ONset Verapamil INvestigation of Cardiovascular Endpoints (CONVINCE) trial by geographical region.

J Hypertens. 2005 May;23(5):1099-106.

149. Whang W, Albert CM, Sears SF Jr, Lampert R, Conti JB, Wang PJ, Singh JP, Ruskin JN, Muller JE, Mittleman MA; TOVA Study Investigators. Depression as a predictor for appropriate shocks among patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: results from the Triggers of Ventricular Arrhythmias (TOVA) study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005 Apr 5;45(7):1090-5.

150. Cury RC, Houser SL, Furie KL, Stone JR, Ogilvy CS, Sherwood JB, Muller JE, Brady TJ,

Hinton DP. Vulnerable plaque detection by 3.0 tesla magnetic resonance imaging. Invest Radiol. 2006 Feb;41(2):112-5.

151. Tawakol A, Migrino RQ, Bashian GG, Bedri S, Vermylen D, Cury RC, Yates D, LaMuraglia

GM, Furie K, Houser S, Gewirtz H, Muller JE, Brady TJ, Fischman AJ.

In vivo 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging provides a noninvasive measure of carotid plaque inflammation in patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006 Nov 7;48(9):1818-24.

152. Tawakol A, Castano AP, Anatelli F, Bashian G, Stern J, Zahra T, Gad F, Chirico S, Ahmadi A,

Fischman AJ, Muller JE, Hamblin MR.Photosensitizer delivery to vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque: comparison of macrophage-targeted conjugate versus free chlorin(e6).J Biomed Opt. 2006 Mar-Apr;11(2):021008.

153. Albert CM, Rosenthal L, Calkins H, Steinberg JS, Ruskin JN, Wang P, Muller JE, Mittleman

MA; TOVA Investigators. Driving and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shocks for ventricular arrhythmias: results from the TOVA study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 Dec 4;50(23):2233-40.

154. Cheruvu PK, Finn AV, Gardner C, Caplan J, Goldstein J, Stone GW, Virmani R, Muller JE.

Frequency and distribution of thin-cap fibroatheroma and ruptured plaques in human coronary arteries: a pathologic study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 Sep 4;50(10):940-9.

155. Waxman S, Khabbaz K, Connolly R, Tang J, Dabreo A, Egerhei L, Ishibashi F, Muller JE,

Tearney GM. Intravascular imaging of atherosclerotic human coronaries in a porcine model: a feasibility study. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2008 Jan;24(1):37-44.

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156. Mukamal KJ, Maclure M, Muller JE, Mittleman MA.

An exploratory prospective study of marijuana use and mortality following acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J. 2008 Mar;155(3):465-70.

157. Tawakol A, Castano AP, Gad F, Zahra T, Bashian G, Migrino RQ, Ahmadi A, Stern J, Anatelli

F, Chirico S, Shirazi A, Syed S, Fischman AJ, Muller JE, Hamblin MR. Intravascular detection of inflamed atherosclerotic plaques using a fluorescent photosensitizer targeted to the scavenger receptor. Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2008 Jan;7(1):33-9.

158. Gardner CM, Tan H , Hull, EL, Lisauskas, JB, Sum ST, Meese TM ,Jiang C, Madden SP,

Caplan JD, Burke AP, Virmani R, Goldstein J, Muller JE. Detection of Lipid Core Coronary Plaques in Autopsy Specimens With a Novel Catheter-Based Near-Infrared Spectroscopy System. J Am Coll Cardiol. Imaging 2008 Sept Vol 1. No. 5

Reviews, Chapters, and Editorials 1. Braunwald E, Muller JE, Hillis LD, Maclean D, Maroko PR. Limitation of infarct size.

Proceedings, New England Cardiovascular Society 1976; 28:6-9. 2. Braunwald E, Muller JE, Maroko PR. Experimental and clinical studies of limitation of infarct

size. In: Kaindl F, Pachinger O, Probst P, eds. The First 24 Hours in Myocardial Infarction. Baden-Baden, Switzerland: Verlag Gerhard Mitzstrock, 1977: 137-139.

3. Muller JE, Maroko PR, Braunwald E. Preservation of the ischemic myocardium. Current

Concepts. Kalamazoo, Michigan: The Upjohn Company, 1977. 4. Muller JE, Maroko PR, Braunwald E. Precordial electrocardiographic mapping: a technique to

assess the efficacy of interventions designed to limit infarct size. Circulation 1978; 57:1-17. 5. Muller JE, Maroko PR, Braunwald E. The pathophysiology of acute myocardial infarction and

modification of infarct size. In: Cohn LH, ed. The Treatment of Acute Myocardial Ischemia--An Integrated Medical/Surgical Approach. Mount Kisco, New York: Futura Publishing Company, Inc., 1979:49-76.

6. Muller JE, Maroko PR, Braunwald E. Precordial electrocardiographic mapping: a technique to

assess the efficacy of interventions designed to limit infarct size. In: Weissler AM, ed. Reviews of Contemporary Laboratory Methods. Dallas, Texas: American Heart Association, 1980: 269-313.

7. Maroko PR, Muller JE, Kloner RA, Braunwald E. Is precordial ST segment mapping a

practical measure of myocardial ischemic injury? In: Rappaport E, ed. Current Controversies

37

in Cardiovascular Disease. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: W.B. Saunders Company, 1980: 257-280.

8. Antman EM, Stone P, Muller JE, Braunwald E. Calcium channel blocking agents in the

treatment of cardiovascular disorders. I: Basic and clinical electrophysiologic effects. Ann Int Med 1980; 93:875-885.

9. Stone PH, Antman EM, Muller JE, Braunwald E. Calcium channel blocking agents in the

treatment of cardiovascular disorders. II: Hemodynamic effects and clinical applications of the calcium channel blocking agents. Ann Int Med 1980; 93:886-904.

10. Muller JE, Antman E, Green LH, Koster JK, Jr. Salvage of acutely ischemic myocardium by

emergency coronary artery bypass grafting. Clin Cardiol 1980;3:276-280. 11. Muller JE, Kloner RA, Mudge GH, Barry WH, Koster JK, Cohn LH. The complementary use

of nifedipine and coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with Prinzmetal's angina. In: Mason DT, Collins JJ Jr, eds. Myocardial Revascularization. New York, New York: Yorke Medical Books, 1981: 104-113.

12. Braunwald E, Muller J. The role of coronary spasm in life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden

cardiac death. In: Solomon F, Parron DL, Dews PB, eds. Biobehavioral Factors in Sudden Cardiac Death. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, Institute of Medicine (Health and Behavior: A Research Agenda. Interim Report, No. 3), 1981:71-76.

13. Rude RE, Muller JE, Braunwald E. Efforts to limit the size of myocardial infarcts. Ann Int

Med 1981; 95:736-761. 14. Mueller HS, Antman EM, Ferst JA, Muller JE. Nifedipine in the treatment of cardiovascular

disease. Pharmacotherapy 1981; 1:78-90. 15. Muller JE, Braunwald E. Variant angina. In: Isselbacher KJ, Adams RD, Braunwald E,

Martin JB, Petersdorf RG, Wilson JD, eds. Update I: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. Ninth Edition. New York, New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1981: 107-114.

16. Muller JE, Stone PH, Markis JE, Braunwald E. Let's not let the genie escape from the bottle--

again. N Engl J Med 1981; 304:1294-1296. 17. Muller JE. Variable coronary obstruction and calcium channel blocking agents.

Cardiovascular Reviews and Reports 1982; 3:26-27. 18. Muller JE. The treatment of myocardial infarction. In: Cowley RA, Trump BF, eds.

Pathophysiology of Shock, Anoxia, and Ischemia. Baltimore, Maryland: Williams and Wilkins, 1982:684-701.

19. Muller JE, Rude RE, Braunwald E. Current status of measurements and efforts to reduce

myocardial infarct size in man. In: Wagner GS, ed. Myocardial Infarction: Measurement and Intervention. The Hague, The Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1982:517-546.

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20. Braunwald E, Muller JE, Kloner RA. Effects of beta-adrenergic blockade in acute myocardial

infarction. In: Riemersma RA, Oliver MF, eds. Proceedings, Sixth Argenteuil Symposium, Catecholamines in the Non-ischemic Myocardium. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press, 1982:225-240.

21. Muller JE. Calcium channel blocking agents for unstable angina pectoris and acute myocardial

infarction. Cardiovascular Reviews and Reports 1982; 3:28-30. 22. Muller JE. Fibrinolysis for coronary thrombosis--what more do we need to know? (Editorial).

J Cardiovasc Med 1982; 7:121-125. 23. Rude RE, Muller JE, Braunwald E. Les tentatives de limitation de la taille de infarctus du

myocarde. Le Journal International de Medicine 1982; 6(Suppl 33):47-56. 24. Muller JE. Accidental nuclear war. MD Magazine 1982. 25. Stone PH, Muller JE. Nifedipine therapy for recurrent ischemic pain following myocardial

infarction. Clin Cardiol 1982;5:223-230. 26. Muller JE, Braunwald E. Can infarct size be limited in patients with acute myocardial

infarction? In: Controversies in Coronary Artery Disease. Rahimtoola SH, ed. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: F.A. Davis Publishing, November, 1983:147-161.

27. Kloner RA, Glogar D, Rude RE, Khuri SF, Muller JE, Clark LC Jr, Braunwald E. The effect

of perfluorocarbons on experimental myocardial ischemia and infarction. In: Bolin RB, Geyer RP, Nemo GJ, eds. Advances in Blood Substitute Research. New York, New York: Alan R. Liss, Inc., 1983:381-390.

28. Braunwald E, Muller JE, Kloner RA. The role of beta-adrenergic blockade in the therapy of

patients with myocardial infarction. Am J Med 1983; 74:113-123. 29. Stone PH, Antman EM, Muller JE. Nifedipine therapy for coronary vasospasm. Archives des

Maladies du Coeur et des Vaisseaux 1983; 76:137-142. 30. Stone PH, Muller JE, Turi ZG, Geltman E, Jaffe AS, Braunwald E. Efficacy of nifedipine

therapy in patients with refractory angina pectoris: significance of the presence of coronary vasospasm. Arq Bras Cardiol 1983;41:469-476.

31. Muller JE, Stone PH. Post-MI angina: pointers for proper therapy. Illustrated Medicine

1983;2:1-8. 32. Shea S, Muller JE. The work of International Physicians for Prevention of Nuclear War

(IPPNW). MOBIUS 1984; 4:89-96. 33. Muller JE. Dynamic coronary obstruction: coronary spasm and vasoconstriction. In: Kloner

RA, ed. The Guide to Cardiology. New York, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1984:209-220.

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34. Muller JE. Nifedipine therapy for unstable angina and myocardial infarction: randomized,

double-blind evaluations. In: Hugenholtz PG, Goldman BS, eds. Unstable Angina: Current Concepts and Management. New York, New York: Schattauer, 1985:199-210.

35. Stone PH, Rude RE, Muller JE, Braunwald E. Current status of interventions designed to limit

infarct size. In: Levine HJ, Gaasch WH, eds. The Ventricle. Boston, Massachusetts: Martinus Nijhoff Publishing, 1985:289-314.

36. Muller JE, Stone PH, Turi ZG, Pearl DL, Schneider JF, Serfas DH, Morrison J, Rude RE,

Rosner B, Sobel BE, Tate C, Scheiner E, Roberts R, Hennekens CH, Braunwald E. Nifedipine versus conventional therapy for unstable angina pectoris: a randomized, double-blind comparison. In: Lichtlen PR, ed. Recent Aspects in Calcium Antagonism. New York, New York: Schattauer, 1985:101-127.

37. Braunwald E, Muller JE, Stone PH. Use of calcium channel blocking agents in the

management of ischemic heart disease. European Heart Journal 1985; 6(Suppl A):31-34. 38. Schneider JF, Muller JE. Medical management of unstable angina pectoris. Primary

Cardiology 1985; 11:35-46. 39. Muller JE. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the 1985 Nobel Peace Prize. N Engl J Med

1986; 314:790-793. 40. Lamas GA, Muller JE. Complete heart block during myocardial infarction. Cardiology Board

Review 1986; 4:75-87. 41. Muller JE. Spironolactone in the management of congestive cardiac failure: a review. Clinical

Therapeutics 1986; 9:63-76. 42. Willich SN, Czeisler CA, Tofler GH, Ludmer P, Aylmer G, Rutherford JD, Stone PH, Muller

JE. Circadian variation in the frequency of occurrence of acute cardiovascular disease. In: Reinberg A, Smolensky M, Labrecque G, eds. Annual Review of Chronopharmacology, Volume 3. Oxford: Pergamon Press, Ltd., 1986; 3:327-330.

43. Willich SN, Tofler GH, Klangos I, Stone PH, Muller JE. Time of day of sudden cardiac death.

Cardiology Board Review 1987; 4:47-54. 44. Tofler GH, Muller JE. Effects of circadian rhythms on the onset of myocardial infarction.

Cardiologic Consultation 1987; 8:1-4. 45. Muller JE, Tofler GH, Willich SN, Stone PH. Circadian variation of cardiovascular disease

and sympathetic activity. J Cardiovascular Pharmacology 1987; 10 (Suppl 2):S104-S109.

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46. Tofler GH, Stone PH, Muller JE, Braunwald E. Clinical manifestations of coronary heart disease in women. In: Eaker ED, Packard B, Wenger NK, Clarkson TB, Tyroler HA, eds. "Coronary Heart Disease in Women" New York: Haymarket Doyma Inc, 1987:215-221.

47. Muller JE, Tofler GH. Circadian variation of cardiovascular disease: Does it exist? What

could it mean? Choices in Cardiology 1988; 2:8-11. 48. Muller JE. Morning increase in onset of myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death.

Internal Medicine for the Specialist 1988;(June Supplement):11-17. 49. Tofler GH, Muller JE. Circadian variation in platelet aggregability. Internal Medicine for the

Specialist 1988;(June Supplement):37-40. 50. Muller JE, Stone PH, Rocco M, Selwyn A. Concurrent morning peaks in silent ischemia,

myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. Journal of Angina and Silent Ischemia 1988; III:9-12.

51. Tofler GH, Muller JE. Circadian variation in the frequency of onset of acute myocardial

infarction. In: Califf RM, Wagner GS, eds. Acute Coronary Care in the Thrombolytic Era. Norwell, Massachusetts: Martinus-Nihjoff Publishing, 1988:46-57.

52. Muller JE. Morning increase of onset of myocardial infarction: implications concerning

triggering events. In: Roberts WC, ed. Cardiology 1988:262-263. 53. Muller JE. Morning increase in cardiovascular disease. Drug Therapy 1988; 18:58-66. 54. Willich SN, Tofler GH, Muller JE. Morning peak in the incidence of sudden cardiac death.

Cardiology Board Review 1988; 10:29-38. 55. Muller JE. Morning increase of cardiovascular disease: implications for possible triggering

events. Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 1988; 2:8-20. 56. Muller JE, Tofler, GH. Circadian variation in onset of cardiovascular disease. In: Braunwald

E, ed. Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, Third Edition. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: W.B. Saunders Company, 1988:13-24.

57. Willich SN, Tofler GH, Klangos I, Stone PH, Muller JE. Circadian variation in the frequency

of sudden cardiac death. International Synposes 1988;8:51-52. 58. Muller JE, Tofler GH, Stone PH. Circadian variation and triggers of onset of acute

cardiovascular disease. Clinical Progress Series. Circulation 1989; 79:733-743. 59. Muller JE, Tofler GH, Edelman E. Probable triggers of onset of acute myocardial infarction.

Clin Cardiol 1989;12:473-475. 60. Tofler GH, Stone PH, Muller JE, Braunwald E. Mortality for women after acute myocardial

infarction: MILIS Study Group (letter). Am J Cardiol 1989;64:256.

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61. Muller JE, Tofler GH, Willich SN, Aylmer G, Stone PH. Triggers of sudden coronary death: the morning increase. In: Kostis JB, Sanders M, eds. The Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death. Wiley-Liss 1990:21-41.

62. Muller JE, Tofler GH. Possible triggers of onset of acute myocardial infarction. In: Francis

GS, Alpert JS, eds. Modern Coronary Care. Little, Brown, and Company 1990:19-26. 63. Koch M, Tofler GH, Muller JE. Triggers of onset of acute myocardial infarction. In: Gersh

BJ, Rahimtoola eds. Acute Myocardial Infarction. Elsevier 1990:78-86. 64. Goldberg RJ, Brady P, Muller JE, Dalen JE. Onset of myocardial infarction in the hour after

awakening. Coronary Artery Disease 1991; 8:79-88. 65. Muller JE, Tofler GH. Circadian variation and cardiovascular disease (editorial). N Engl J

Med 1991;325:1038-1039. 66. Willich SN, Jimenez AH, Tofler GH, de Silva RA, Muller JE. Pathophysiology and triggers of

acute myocardial infarction: clinical implications. Clin Invest 1992; 70(Suppl):S73-S78. 67. Willich SN, Jimenez AH, Tofler GH, de Silva RA, Muller JE. Pathophysiology and triggers of

acute myocardial infarction: clinical implications. Clin Investig 1992:70-S73-S78. 68. Muller JE, Tofler GH. Triggering and hourly variation of onset of arterial thrombosis. Ann

Epidem 1992;2:393-405. 69. Cohen MC, Muller JE. Onset of acute myocardial infarction--circadian variation and triggers.

Cardiovascular Research 1992;26:831-838. 70. Lewis SM, Muller JE. Current therapy for unstable angina pectoris. Cardio Magazine

1992:September;53-64. 71. Muller JE, Tofler GH. Morning vs afternoon exertion: both are safe, but which is safer

(editorial). Arch Intern Med 1993;153:803-804. 72. Willich SN, Maclure M, Mittleman M, Arntz HR, Muller JE. Sudden cardiac death: support

for a role of triggering in causation. Circulation 1993;87:1442-1450. 73. Cohen MC, Muller JE. Chronobiology of acute myocardial infarction. Laboratory Medicine

1994;25:2-9. 74. Muller JE, Mittleman M, Tofler G. Exercise as a trigger of onset of myocardial infarction and

sudden cardiac death. In: Fletcher GF, ed. Cardiovascular Response to Exercise. Mount Kisco, NY, Futura Publishing Company, Inc 1994: 255-271.

75. Gebara OCE, Muller JE, Tofler GH. Circadian variation and triggering of arrhythmia and

sudden cardiac death. In: Podrid PJ, Kowey PR, eds. Cardiac Arrhythmia: Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Management. Baltimore, Maryland, Williams & Wilkins, 1994:1318-1330.

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76. Paul SD, Tofler GH, Muller JE. Triggering of the acute coronary artery syndromes. In: Califf RM, Mark DB, Wagner GS, eds. Acute Coronary Care. Second Edition. St. Louis, Missouri, Mosby-Year Book, Inc 1994:14-26.

77. Muller JE, Abela GS, Nesto RW, Tofler GH. Triggers, acute risk factors, and vulnerable

plaques: The lexicon of a new frontier. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994;23:809-813. 78. Muller JE, Mangel B. Circadian variation and triggers of cardiovascular disease. Cardiology

1994;85(Suppl 2):3-10. 79. Gebara OCE, Tofler GH, Muller JE, Braunwald E. Circadian variation and possible triggers of

acute myocardial infarction. Cardiovascular Reviews and Reports 1995; 16:12-22. 80. Muller JE, Tofler GH, Verrier RL. Sympathetic activity as the cause of the morning increase

in cardiac events. A likely culprit, but the evidence remains circumstantial (editorial). Circulation 1995;91:2508-2509.

81. Helisch A, Mittleman MA, Muller JE. Exercise: Can it Prevent MI? Primary Cardiology

1995;21:8-17. 82. Bergeron PB, Mittleman MA, Muller JE, Tofler GH. Does exercise precipitate or prevent

myocardial infarction? Choices in Cardiology 1995;9:70-72. 83. Welty FK, Muller JE. Prevention of ischemia-related cardiovascular events with lipid

lowering. Journal of Myocardial Ischemia 1995;7:9-16. 84. Verrier RL, Muller JE, Hobson JA. Sleep, dreams, and sudden death: The case for sleep as an

autonomic stress test for the heart. Cardiovasc Res 1996;31:181-211. 85. Gurewich V, Muller J. Is coronary thrombolysis associated with side effects that significantly

compromise clinical benefits? Am J Cardiol 1996;77:756-758. 86. Johnstone MT, Mittleman M, Tofler G, Muller JE. The pathophysiology of the onset of

morning cardiovascular events. Am J Hypertens 1996:9:22S-28S. 87. Cohen MC, Muller JE. Triggers of onset of acute myocardial infarction. In: Gersh BJ,

Rahimtoola SH, eds. Acute Myocardial Infarction. Second Edition. New York: Elsevier 1996.

88. Verrier RL, Taylor PYD, Muller JE. Transient myocardial ischemia and infarction. In:

Robertson D ed. Primer on the Autonomic Nervous System. Orlando, Florida: Academic Press, 1996: 157-163.

89. Muller JE, Togler GH, Mittleman MA. Circadian rhythm, triggering events and cardiovascular

therapy. In: Messerli FH ed. Cardiovascular Drug Therapy. Second Edition. Philiadelphia, Pennsylvania, W.B. Saunders Company, 1996: 311-215.

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90. Tofler GH, Mittleman MA, Muller JE. Prevention and triggering of cardiovascular disease: the case for regular exercise (editorial). Br Heart J 1996.

91. Tofler GH, Muller JE, Mittleman MA. Physical activity and the triggering of myocardial

infarction: the case for regular exercise. (Editorial). Heart 1996;75:323-325. 92. Tofler GH, Muller JE. Prevention and practical aspects of triggering of cardiovascular events.

Cardiol Clin 1996; 14:309-312. 93. Muller JE, Verrier RL. Triggering of sudden death - lessons from an earthquake. (Editorial).

N Engl J Med 1996;334:460-461. 94. Task Force of the Joint Steering Committees of UCARE and IVF-US (James E. Muller,

workshop participant and co-author). Survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with apparently normal hearts: need for definition and standardized clinical evaluation. (Consensus Statement). Circulation 1997;97:265-72.

94. Tofler GH, Muller JE. The role of stressors in triggering acute cardiovascular disease. In:

Yates EH, Burton JF, eds. International Examinations of Medical-Legal Aspects of Work Injuries. Lanham, Maryland, Scarecrow Press, 1997.

95. Muller JE, Kaufmann PG, Luepker RV, Weisfeldt ML, Deedwania PC, Willerson JT.

Mechanisms Precipitating Acute Cardiac Events: Review and Recommendations of an NHLBI Workshop. Circulation 1997; 96:3233-3239.

96. Muller JE, et al. Survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with apparently normal hearts: need

for definition and standardized clinical evaluation. Circulation 1997;95:265-272. 97. Sapin PM, Muller JE. Triggers of acute coronary syndromes. In: Cannon CP, ed. Management

of Acute Coronary Syndromes. Totowa, New Jersey, Humana Press Inc., 1998. 98. Chasen CA, Muller JE. Cardiovascular triggers and morning events. Blood Pressure

Monitoring 1998;1:3:35-42. 99. Muller JE, Circadian variation and triggering of acute coronary events. Am Heart J

1999;137:S1-S8. 100. Muller JE, Circadian variation in cardiovascular events. A chronotherapeutic approach to the

management of high risk patients with hypertension/ischemic heart disease. Am J Hypertens 1999;12:43S-49S.

101. Chasen CA, Muller JE. Circadian variation in the incidence of cardiovascular and

cerebrovascular ischemic events. In: Bradley TD, Floras JS, eds. Sleep Disorders and Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease. New York, NY, Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1999.

102. Folts JD, Schafer AI, Loscalzo J, Willerson JT, Muller JE. A perspective on the potential

problems with aspirin as an antithrombotic agent: a comparison of studies in an animal model with clinical trials. JACC 1999;33:295-303.

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103. Muller JE. Circadian variation in cardiovascular events. Am J Hypertens 1999; 12: 35S-42S. 104. McKay CR, Rich MW, Vliestra RE, Kitzman DW, Fleg JL, Kromholz HM, Lakatta EG, Cooke

JP, Cannon CP, Ezekowitz MD, Frohlich ED, Jalife J, Kass DA, Kottke BA, Muller JE, Saltin B, Shen WK, Somers, VK. Executive Summary: Pivotal Research in Cardiovascular Syndromes in the Elderly. Am J Geriatr Cardiol 2000 Oct 9(5):243-250.

105. DeBusk R, Drory Y, Goldstein I, Jackson G, Kaul S, Kimmel SE, Kostis JB, Kloneer RA,

Lakin M, Meston CM, Mittleman M, Muller JE, Padma-Nathan H, Rosen RC, Stein RA, Zusman R. Management of sexual dysfunction in patients with cardiovascular disease: recommendations of The Princeton Consensus Panel. Am J Cardiol 2000 Jul 15; 86(2):175-181.

106. Muller JE. Triggering of cardiac events by sexual activity: findings from a case crossover

analysis. Am J Cardiol 2000 Jul 20; 86(2A):14F-18F. 107. Chasen CA and Muller JE. Circadian rhythm of myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac

death. In: White WB, ed. Blood Pressure Monitoring in Cardiovascular Medicine and Therapeutics. Totowa, NJ, Humana Press, 2001.

108. Spooner PM, Albert C, Benjamin EJ, Boineau R, Elston RC, George AL Jr, Jouven X, Kuller

LH, MacCluer JW, Marban E, Muller JE, Schwartz PJ, Siscovick DS, Tracy RP, -Zareba W, Zipes DP. Sudden cardiac death, genes and arrhythmogenesis: consideration of new population and mechanistic approaches from a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Workshop, Part II. Circulation 2001 May 22:103(20):2447-2452.

109. Singh JP, Januzzi J, Muller JE. Activities that Trigger Plaque Disruption. From: Fuster V(ed).

Assessing and Modifying the Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaque. Armonk, NY: Futura Publishing Company, Inc., 2002.

110. Moreno PR, Muller JE. Identification of high-risk atherosclerotic

plaques; a survey of spectroscopic methods. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2002 Nov;17(6):638- 47.

111. Sosnovik DE, Muller JE, Kathiresan S, Brady TJ. Non-invasive imaging of plaque vulnerability: an important tool for the assessment of agents to stabilise atherosclerotic plaques. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2002; (5):693-704.

112. Servoss SJ. Januzzi JL. Muller JE. Triggers of acute coronary syndromes. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases. 2002; 44(5):369-80.

113. Naghavi M, Libby P, Falk E, Casscells SW, Litovsky S, Rumberger J, Badimon JJ, Stefanadis

C, Moreno P, Pasterkamp G, Fayad Z, Stone PH, Waxman S, Raggi P, Madjid M, Zarrabi A, Burke A, Yuan C, Fitzgerald PJ, Siscovick DS, de Korte CL,Aikawa M, Airaksinen KE, Assmann G, Becker CR, Chesebro JH, Farb A, Galis ZS,Jackson C, Jang IK, Koenig W, Lodder RA, March K, Demirovic J, Navab M, Priori SG, Rekhter MD, Bahr R, Grundy SM,

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Mehran R, Colombo A, Boerwinkle E, Ballantyne C, Insull W Jr, Schwartz RS, Vogel R, Serruys PW, Hansson GK, Faxon DP, Kaul S,Drexler H, Greenland P, Muller JE, Virmani R, Ridker PM, Zipes DP, Shah PK,Willerson JT.

From vulnerable plaque to vulnerable patient: a call for new definitions and risk assessment strategies: Circulation. 2003;108(14):1664-72. 114. Tawakol A, Muller J. Through the looking glass: an angioscopic view of the effect of statin therapy on coronary artery plaques. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;42(4):687-9 115. Hoffmann U, Brady TJ, Muller J. Cardiology patient page. Use of new imaging

techniques to screen for coronary artery disease. Circulation. 2003;108(8):e50-3 116. Moreno PR. Muller JE. Detection of high-risk atherosclerotic coronary plaques by

intravascular spectroscopy. Journal of Interventional Cardiology. 2003;16(3):243-52,

117. Burke AP, Virmani R, Galis Z, Haudenschild CC, Muller JE. 34th Bethesda Conference: Task force #2--What is the pathologic basis for new

atherosclerosis imaging techniques? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41(11):1874-86. 118. Waxman S, Ishibashi F, Muller JE. Detection and treatment of vulnerable plaques and

vulnerable patients: novel approaches to prevention of coronary events. Circulation. 2006 Nov 28;114(22):2390-411. Review.

119. Tofler GH, Muller JE.

Triggering of acute cardiovascular disease and potential preventive strategies. Circulation. 2006 Oct 24;114(17):1863-72.

120. Caplan JD, Waxman S, Nesto RW, Muller JE.

Near-infrared spectroscopy for the detection of vulnerable coronary artery plaques. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006 Apr 18;47(8 Suppl):C92-6. Review.

121. Muller JE, Tawakol A, Kathiresan S, Narula J.New opportunities for identification and reduction of coronary risk: treatment of vulnerable patients, arteries, and plaques.

J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006 Apr 18;47(8 Suppl):C2-6. 122. Omato J, Muller JE, Froelicher ES, Kloner RA.

ACCF/AHA/CDC conference report on emerging infectious diseases and biological terrorism threats. Task Force II: indirect and secondary cardiovascular effects of biological terrorism agents and diseases. Circulation. 2007 Mar 27;115(12):1672-80.

123. Mensah GA, Grant AO, Pepine CJ, Baddour LM, Cooper LT Jr, Dunbar SB, Froelicher ES,

Greenlund KJ, Kaplan EL, Kloner RA, Labarthe DR, Luepker RV, Madjid M, Muller JE, O'Connor S, Ornato JP, Robertson RM, Roy MJ, Shah PK, Taubert KA, Wilson WR, Zheng ZJ, Harrington RA, Abrams J, Anderson JL, Bates ER, Eisenberg MJ, Grines CL, Hlatky MA, Lichtenberg RC, Lindner JR, Pohost GM, Schofield RS, Shubrooks SJ Jr, Stein JH, Tracy CM, Vogel RA, Wesley DJ.

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ACCF/AHA/CDC conference report on emerging infectious diseases and biological terrorism threats: the clinical and public health implications for the prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 Mar 27;49(12):1373-412.

124. Steven A. Shea, PhD, Michael F. Hilton, and James E. Muller, MD Day/Night Pattern

of Myocardial Infarction and Sudden Cardiac Death: Interacting Roles of the Endogenous Circadian System and Behavioral Triggers in Clinical Hypertension and Vascular Disease, 2007. WB White Humana Press, Totowa Nj

125. Muller, JE New light on an old problem: photodynamic therapy for atherosclerosis.

J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008 Sep 16;52(12):1033-4.

Books, Monographs and Text Books 1. Chazov EI, Dorofeeva ZZ, Vikhert AM, Vinogradov AV. Myocardial infarction: the approach

to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment in the Soviet Union. Chazov EI, ed. Littleton, Massachusetts: PSG Publishing Company, Inc., 1979. English language edition edited by: Muller JE.

2. Vikhert AM, Zhdanov VS. The effects of various diseases on the development of

atherosclerosis. Elmsford, New York: Pergamon Press, 1981. English language edition edited by: Muller JE.

3. Models and methods for studying experimental emotional stress. Translated from the Russian

All Union Symposium, Volgograd, 1977. Cairo, Egypt: Al-ahram Publishing House, 1982. English language edition edited by: Muller JE, Churnin E. (Distributed by the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia.)

4. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Multicenter Investigation of the Limitation of Infarct

Size (MILIS): design and methods of the clinical trial. The MILIS Study Group. Muller JE, Braunwald E, Mock MB, Mullin SM, Passamani ER, Poole WK, Scheiner E, eds. Dallas, Texas: American Heart Association, 1984 (No. 100).

5. Braunwald E, Goldberg S, Helfant R, Katz A, Kligfield P, Maseri A, Muller JE, Oliva PB.

New concepts in ischemic heart disease: the role of coronary artery spasm. New York, New York: Science and Medicine Publishing Company, Inc.

6. Muller JE, Tofler GH, eds. A symposium: triggering and circadian variation of onset of acute

cardiovascular disease. Supplement to the American Journal of Cardiology, November 6, 1990, Volume 66, No. 16.

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7. Willich SN, Muller JE, eds. Triggering of acute coronary heart disease: implications for prevention. The Netherlands. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995.

Patents 1. Moreno PR, Lodder RA, O’Connor WN, Muller JE, inventors; Methods and Apparatus for In

Vivo Identification and Characterization of Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaques. Application # 09/169,621; Filed October 8, 1998; US Patent