Current Status of Target Fabrication for

Inertial Fusion Research at HAMAMATSU

N.Satoh, M.Takagi, T.Kawashima, H.Kan

Power Laser Development Section, R&D group

HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K.

20th Target Fabrication Meeting Eldorado Hotel and Spa, Santa Fe, NM

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Contents

1.Introduction of HAMAMATSU group and GPI

2.Target technology development in our lab.

3.Civilian project for fusion research

4.Summary and conclusion

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1.Introduction of HAMAMATSU group and GPI

2.Target technology development in our lab.

3.Civilian project for fusion research

4.Summary and conclusion

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Contents

HAMAMATSU group network in the world

Established Sept.23,1953 Net Sales 102 billion yen ($ 1323 million) Number of Employees 4,188 Capital stock 35 billion yen ($ 453 million)

[September 30, 2011]

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Europe

Asia

Headquarters

United States

Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. in Japan

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Fukushima

The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries (GPI)

Industries development laboratory, HAMAMATSU

Lake Hamana

Industries development laboratory and GPI

Tomei express way

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HAMAMATSU Products by our factories

Electron tube division Photo-multipliers

Laser group, Development bureau Semiconductor lasers

Solid state division Photo-sensors

System division Imaging systems

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HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS will play an important role in the IFE community with the technologies on targets, lasers and plasma diagnosis.

Target - Materials - Fabrication - Injection - Tracking …

Plasma Diagnosis - Ion, Electron - Neutron - X-ray camera - X-ray source …

Laser - Laser diode - Amplifier - Optics - Laser system …

Why does HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K. has working on inertial fusion research ?

Chairman of HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K.

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High power laser systems of our section

MATSU-1 Diode-Pumped High Intensity Laser

Wavelength 800 nm Output energy 2 J Palse-width 50 fs Peak power 40 TW Shot cycle 10 Hz

KURE-1 Diode-Pumped High Energy Laser Wavelength 527 nm Output energy 12 J Palse-width 10 ns Shot cycle 10 Hz

Because high energy, high efficiency and high repetition are required to laser driver, the semiconductor laser module is a key device to achieve.

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High response neutron detector using 6Li scintillator

Detector module view 72mm(Dia.) 200mm(L)

Time (ns)

sign

al (V

)

Time (ns)

sign

al (V

)

Detector response

Φ60mm

10mm(t)

Li-6 density : 8 wt% ILE, Osaka Univ.

Collaborators

Blue：Module1 Red：Module2

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Contents

1.Introduction of HAMAMATSU group and GPI

2.Target technology development in our lab.

3.Civilian Project for Fusion research

4.Summary and conclusion

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Target technologies for laser fusion demonstration

Microencapsulation

Laser machining

Metrology ･Interferometry ･X-ray imaging

Assembly Coating

Cryogenic cooling

Target Injection

Tritium handling

Laser driver Target chamber

Ignition Facility

Target Factory

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Our fabricated shells and beads

CD shells 500 microns

PAMS shells 1870 microns

CH beads 900 microns

Our plastic shells are made by microencapsulation. W/O emulsions are made using droplet generator. These are cured and organic solvent is lost, then core water in the shells dries out.

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Optical non-contact measurement without damage

Measurement thickness: 0.020-50µm

Repeatability: 0.02nm

Measurement spot size: Φ8-80µm

Number of measurement layers: 10

Analysis: FFT or Curve fitting

Microscope

Light source Data

analyzer

Photonic Multichannel analyzer

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Principle of acquiring a wall thickness

Fast Fourier Transform

Thickness

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Diameter and wall thickness of PAMS shell were measured after we picked up 10 shells randomly.

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10

20

30

40

2100

2200

2300

2400

2500

No.1 No.2 No.3 No.4 No.5 No.6 No.7 No.8 No.9 No.10

DiameterWall Thickness

Diameter [µm]

Average±SD (um) Value Diameter 2251.3±7.4 Wall thickness 27.63±1.23

Wall thickness [µm]

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Many sub micron sized dents and vacuoles are found in a shell wall using usual method.

Microscope image SEM image

10um

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Dent : Clear circle Dent only Vacuole : Fuzzy circle

Dents and vacuoles are fairly decreased using improved method.

Microscope image SEM image

10um

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Dent : Clear circle Dent only Vacuole : Fuzzy circle

Our roadmap of target development

1st term 2nd term 3rd term

Target Factory

Facility

Laser Machining

Coating

Microencapsulation

Measurement

Interferometry

Micro X-CT

Assembly

Cryogenic cooling

Tritium handling

Target Injection

Target Business

For your request

Demonstration

For development

Now

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Contents

1.Introduction of HAMAMATSU group and GPI

2.Target technology development in our lab.

3.Civilian project for fusion research

4.Summary and conclusion

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Electricity cost reduction to 3.5yen/kWh

Sustainable energy Clean energy, Zero emission

Creation of photonics industries Fusion physics, Nuclear science

Civilian project for inertial fusion energy

Inertial Fusion Energy

Mr.Komeda presents P-04 poster at tomorrow afternoon.

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New fusion ignition concept of this collaboration

Chamber

Target Injector

Target

Ignition Beam

Implosion Beam

Target Cross-section

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Power Plant image

A part of sphere (Shell is cut off)

700µm Diameter,600µm Height

Target view by microscope

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Poly-carbonate

We fabricated and assembled the above target. These targets will be irradiated using our laser driver or that of ILE, Osaka university.

Poly-styrene

13TW Laser driver for Inertial Fusion Research

Compressor Peak intensity 13 TW

Repetition rate 1.25 Hz

On target energy 2 J

Pulse duration 148 fs

Seed laser

Ti:sapphire laser 1J x 10Hz

Main amplifier

Ti:sapphire amplifier 3.8J x 1.25Hz

Pump DPSSL

Nd:glass laser 10J x10Hz at 527nm

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Neutron detector #1

Neutron detector #2

Neutron detector #3

Disk Target in chamber and some measurement systems

Laser driver

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X-ray Streak Camera

C4575-03

Target on a rotate disk

Contents

1.Introduction of HAMAMATSU group and GPI

2.Target technology development in our lab.

3.Civilian project for fusion research

4.Summary and conclusion

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Summary and conclusion

1. We have been developing the key technologies, such as target and laser driver, for commercial power generation using inertial fusion reactor in future. In target technology, we are advancing for business and IFE research according to our roadmap.

2. We have started to fabricate more kind of plastic shells. The merits of our shells are high sphericity and uniformity of wall thickness, and there are not almost dents and vacuoles. Our high quality shells will be great importance in the implosion experiment for high gain.

3. We have promoted a small civilian project toward the IFE development with TOYOTA group and GPI, since 2008. We hope to progress larger project of IFE research.

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Acknowledgements

Target Fabrication and evaluation R.Yoshimura (Hamamatsu Photonics K. K.) T.Norimatsu (ILE, Osaka Uviv.)

Target material supply F.Elsner, J.F.Hund, A.Nikroo (General Atomics)

Civilian Project Researcher T.Sekine, T.Kurita (Hamamatsu Photonics K. K.) Y.Kitagawa, Y.Mori, K.Fujita, K.Ishii, R.Hanayama, S.Okihara (The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industry) O.Komeda (GPI and TOYOTA Motor Corporation) N.Nakamura, T.Kondo, M.Fujine (TOYOTA Motor Corporation)

H.Azuma, H.Motohiro, T.Hioki (TOYOTA Central R&D Lab. Inc.)

Neutron Detector Development Y.Arikawa, N.Sarukura, H.Azechi (ILE, Osaka Univ.) T.Murata (Kumamoto Uviv.) et al.

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jp.hamamatsu.com

Thank you for your attention.