Current Status

of

Myanmar Seed Certification System

Khin Hnin Thant

Assistant Director

Seed Division

14th May 2019

Outlines

1) Seed Multiplication system in Myanmar

2) Seed Classes and Responsible Organizations

3) Seed Quality Assurance System in Myanmar

4) Quality Assurance Activities in Seed Production

5) Field Inspection, FI Standard and Field Counting Plants

6) Seed Sampling Procedure and methods

7) Seed Testing Laboratories, Procedures and Seed Testing Standard

8) Seed Certification and Certification Tags

9) Certified Seed Programme

Seed Multiplication System in Myanmar

Self - Pollinated Crops

1) Breeder Seed

2) Foundation Seed

3) Registered Seed

4) Certified Seed

Cross - Pollinated Crops

1) Breeder Seed

2) Foundation Seed

3) Certified Seed

Department of Agricultural Research (DAR)

Department of Agricultural Research (DAR)

& Department of Agriculture

(Seed Division, DOA)

Breeder Seed (B.S)

Foundation Seed (F.S)

Registered Seed (R.S)

Certified Seed (C.S)

Department of Agriculture (Seed Division)

Department of Agriculture (Extension Division)

& Private Seed Companies

Seed Multiplication System in Myanmar

Seed Class Responsible Organization

Seed Quality Assurance System in Myanmar

According to the Seed Law Chapter (VII) , Sub section (18 - c);

A license - holder shall submit to the examination of the Seed

Quality Inspection Body in accord with the stipulations on the

seed in the seed growing field or the Seed Testing Laboratory

Quality Assurance Activities in Seed Production

Field Inspection Seed Sampling Seed Testing Seed Certification

1.Field Inspection

Stages of Field Inspection

1) Vegetative Stage or Before Flowering

2) Reproductive Stage or Flowering Time

3) Ripening Stage or Before Harvesting

Field inspection is being carried-out by the District Seed in Charge

together with Extension Staff and Seed Testing Laboratories Staff

Field Inspection Standard in Myanmar

Crop Isolation Distance

(ft.)

FS/RS/CS

Off-type

(%)

FS/RS/CS

Inseparable Crop (%)

FS/RS/CS

Objectionable Weed (%)

FS/RS/CS

Diseased Plant (%)

FS/RS/CS

Rice 10 0.05/0.3/0.3 0.01/0.05/0.05 0.01/0.02/0.02 0.01/0.5/0.5

Green Gram 10 0.1/0.2/0.2 - - -

Black Gram 10 0.1/0.2/0.2 - - -

Chick Pea 10 0.1/0.2/0.2 - - -

Pigeon Pea 60/30/30 0.1/0.2/0.2 - - -

Groundnut 10 0.1/0.5/0.5 - - -

Sesame 300/150/150 0.1/0.2/0.5 - - -

Sunflower 2640 0.5/ - / 0.5 - - -

Field Inspection Standard was approved by the NSC since 1982

***Regulations Relating To The Seed Law (Annex-) Page- 54

Number of Counted Plants in Field Inspection

Crop /

Number of counts to be taken

Heads/ Plants at One Place

Up to 5 AC

Above 5 to 10 AC

Above 10 to 15 AC

Above 15 to 20 AC

5 6 7 8

Rice 1000 5000 6000 7000 8000

Green Gram 500 2500 3000 3500 4000

Black Gram 500 2500 3000 3500 4000

Chick Pea 500 2500 3000 3500 4000

Pigeon Pea 100 500 600 700 800

Groundnut 100 500 600 700 800

Sesame 500 2500 3000 3500 4000

Sunflower 100 500 600 700 800

Additional Count Should be Taken for Each Additional Five Acres

2. Seed Sampling

Seed sample is being taken stages by stages according to the

International Rules for Seed Testing of ISTA

1 ) Primary Sample

2 ) Composite Sample

3 ) Submitted Sample

4 ) Working Sample

** District Seed in Charge is responsible for taking seed sample from

seed growers, seed producers and private seed companies

Sampling Intensity

Minimum sampling intensity for seed lots in containers holding up to

and including 100 Kg seed

(International Rules for Seed Testing of ISTA )

Number of Containers Minimum number of Primary Samples to be taken

1 – 4 3 Primary Samples from each container

5 - 8 2 Primary Samples from each container

9 - 16 1 Primary Samples from each container

16 – 30 15 Primary Samples, One each from 15 different containers

31-59 20 Primary Samples, One each from 20 different containers

60 or more 30 Primary Samples, One each from 30 different containers

Sampling Intensity

Minimum numbers of Primary Samples to be taken from seed lots in

containers holding more than 100 Kg of seed , or from seed streams

(International Rules for Seed Testing of ISTA )

Seed Lot Size Number of Primary Samples to be taken

Up to 500 kg At least 5 Primary Samples

501 – 3000 kg 1 Primary Samples for each 300 kg, but not less than 5

3001 – 20000 kg 1 Primary Sample for each 500 kg, but not less than 10

20001 kg and above 1 Primary Sample for each 700 kg, but not less than 40

Seed Sampling

Table for Maximum Lot Sizes and Minimum Sample Sizes

Crop Maximum Lot Size

(kg)

Minimum Submitted Sample

(gm)

Minimum Working Sample

(gm)

Rice 30000 700 70

Green Gram 30000 1000 120

Black Gram 30000 1000 700

Chick Pea 30000 1000 1000

Pigeon Pea 20000 1000 300

Groundnut 30000 1000 1000

Sesame 10000 70 7

Sunflower 25000 1000 200

(International Rules for Seed Testing of ISTA )

3. Seed Testing

Seed Testing Laboratories under Seed Division:

1 ) Yangon Seed Testing Laboratory (Lower Myanmar)

2 ) Mandalay Seed Testing Laboratory (Upper Myanmar)

3 ) Nay Pyi Taw Seed Testing Laboratory (Middle Myanmar)

Seed Testing Laboratories in Regions and States:

1) Kayin State

2) Bago Region

3) Sagaing Region

4) Kachin State

5) Kayah State

6) Shan State

7) Ayeyarwady Region

Seed Testing Procedure

Seed Lot

Primary Sample Composite Sample

Submitted Sample Working Sample

Determination of Seed Moisture Content Seed Analyzing

Pure Seed Inert Matter Other Seed

Germination Test

Normal Seedling Abnormal Seedling Fresh ungerminated Seed Hard Seed Dead Seed

Seed Germination Test

( International Rules for Seed Testing of ISTA )

TP = Top of Paper

S = Sand

BP = Between Paper

Crop Media/Substrate Temperature (°C)

First Counting (day)

Last Counting (day)

Rice TP, S 20-30 , 25 5 14

Green Gram BP,S 20-30 , 25 5 7

Black Gram BP,S 20-30 , 25 , 20 4 7

Chick Pea BP,S 20-30 , 20 5 8

Pigeon Pea BP,S 20-30 , 25 4 10

Groundnut BP,S 20-30 , 25 5 10

Sesame TP 20-30 , 25 3 6

Sunflower BP,S 20-30 , 25 , 20 4 10

Activities of Seed Testing

Dividing Seed Sample

Registration Determination of Moisture Content

Purity Analyzing Counting Seed Examination Red Grains

Germination Test

Seed Testing Standard in Myanmar

(Rice)

Seed Class

Pure Seed (%)

Minimum

Other Seed

(Number,%)

Maximum

Inert Matter

(%)

Maximum

Moisture

(%)

Maximum

Germination

(%)

Minimum

Total Weed Seed

(Number,%)

Maximum

Objectionable Weed Seed

(Number,%)

Maximum

Red Seed

(Number)

In 500 g

Breeder Seed

99 0 1 13 90 0 0 0

Foundation Seed

98 10/kg 2 13 90 10 / kg 2/kg 1

Registered Seed

98 0.5 2 13 85 0.1 5/kg 3

Certified Seed

97 1.0 3 13 80 0.2 5/kg 5

Seed Testing Standard was approved by the NSC since 1982

***Regulations Relating To The Seed Law (Annex-) Page- 57

Seed Testing Standard in Myanmar

(Green Gram, Black Gram, Pigeon Pea)

Seed Class

Pure Seed (%)

Minimum

Other Seed (%)

Maximum

Inert Matter

(%) Maximum

Moisture (%)

Maximum

Germination (%)

Minimum

Weed Seed

(Number,%) Maximum

Breeder Seed

99 0 1 9 85 0

Foundation Seed

98 0.1 2 9 85 0.1

Registered Seed 98 0.2 2 9 75 0.2

Certified Seed 98 0.2 2 9 75 0.2

Seed Testing Standard in Myanmar

(Chick Pea)

Seed Class Pure Seed (%)

Minimum

Other Seed (%)

Maximum

Inert Matter

(%) Maximum

Moisture (%)

Maximum

Germination (%)

Minimum

Weed Seed

(Number, %) Maximum

Breeder Seed

99 0 1 9 85 0

Foundation Seed

98 0.1 2 9 85 0.1

Registered Seed 98 0.5 2 9 75 0.2

Certified Seed 98 0.5 2 9 75 0.2

Seed Testing Standard in Myanmar

(Sesame / Groundnut / Sunflower)

Seed Class

Pure Seed (%)

Minimum

Other Seed (%)

Maximum

Inert Matter (%)

Maximum

Moisture (%)

Maximum

Germination (%)

Minimum

Weed Seed

(Number, %) Maximum

Breeder Seed 99 / 98 /99 0 / 0 /0 1 / 2 / 1 9 90 / 80 /85 0 / 0 / 0

Foundation Seed 98 / 96 / 98 0.1 / 0 /0.1 2 / 4 / 2 9 85 / 70 /85 0 .1 / 0 / 0.1

Registered Seed 98 / 96 / - 0.2 / 0.5 / - 2 / 4 / - 9 80 / 70 / - 0.2 / 0 / -

Certified Seed 97 / 96/ 97 0.2 / 0.5/ 0.2

3 / 4 / 3 9 80 / 70 / 80 0.2 / 0 / 0.2

4. Seed Certification System in Myanmar

1 ) Breeder Seed – Pink Tag

2 ) Foundation Seed – Green Tag

3 ) Registered Seed – Blue Tag

4) Certified Seed – Yellow Tag

M in

Certified Seed Production System

Certified Seed Production Programme

Contract Farming Seed Grower Association

Grain

Seed Testing Laboratory

Certified Seed

Distribution with Yellow Tag

Normal Farmers

( For Commercial Quality Grain Production)

Seed Production Co.

Meet with the FI Standard

Meet with the Set Seed Standard Doesn’t Meet with the Set Seed Standard

Seed Certification System in Myanmar

According to the Seed Law Chapter (X) , Sub section (26);

No license - holder shall distribute seed that is not in conformity

with the seed quality warranty or seed that has not yet undergone

Seed quality testing