BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Department IFA-Tulln, Institute for Biotechnology in Plant Production, Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, A-.3430 Tulln, Austria,

Current Knowledge on the Genetics of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat - Implications for Resistance Breeding

Hermann Buerstmayr, Barbara Steiner, Marc Lemmens

SCAB USA 2010 2

Overview

Introduction

Summary and conclusions

Current knowledge about FHB-resistance QTL:

Two QTL meta analysis and

one QTL review

A few recent projects at IFA-Tulln

Overview

SCAB USA 2010 3

Some (still ?) interesting plant breeding questions

� Which level of FHB resistance is currently available/should

a cultivar have?

� Are the moderately effective resistance genes in the

native gene pool sufficient?

� Association of FHB resistance with other traits: plant height,

flower morphology?

� Which selection tools are available/useful?

Introduction

SCAB USA 2010 4

Fusarium head blight rating (1-9) of WW cultivars released during four periods in DE, AT

Num

ber

of

cultiv

ars

Num

ber

of

cultiv

ars

Currently registered winter wheat cultivars in Austria and Germany

Germany Austria

Introduction

Datasource: Lists of registered cultivars, DE, AT

FHB class FHB class

FHB classFHB class

SCAB USA 2010 5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9Germany

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Austria

pla

nt h

eig

ht (1

-9,

short

–ta

ll)

Fusarium head blight class (1 - 9, resistant – susceptible)

FHB rating vs. plant height of registered cultivars in Austria and Germany

Datasource: Lists of registered cultivars, DE, AT

Introduction

SCAB USA 2010 6

Fusarium resistance level in cultivars compared to the most resistant experimental lines

0

25

50

75

100

2081

620

818

2081

7-3

2081

2-2

2082

8-3

BVAL

-213

149-

5G

16-9

2A3

9-9-

2-1

Arin

a

BVAL

-213

063-

10

BVAL

-213

064-

12Ar

_Fo-

338

T.m

acha

Petru

sAp

ache

Enno

Cap

oD

ream

Forn

oO

rvan

tisR

iban

dH

ussa

rFu

rore

FHB severity (%)

DON (ppm)

Sumai-3 descendents

Introduction

SCAB USA 2010 7

Options for selection

Phenotypic Selection

Selection on the plants for e.g. low

disease symptoms.

Usually in special nurseries with

measures to provoke infection

(artificial inoculation)

Genotypic Selection

Selection based on genetic

fingerprints (DNA markers)

Marker alleles linked to resistance genes (QTL). In the ideal case ‘perfect’ markers.

Selection based on whole genome marker information

(genomic selection)

1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234

Introduction

SCAB USA 2010 8

Current knowledge on FHB resistance QTL

Buerstmayr et al. (2009) Review. Plant Breeding 128: 1-26.Löffler et al. (2009) Meta QTL analysis. Mol. Breeding 23: 473-488. Liu et al. (2009) Meta-analysis of QTL Crop Science 49: 1955-1968.

QTL reported in hexaploid wheatOver 46 publications, since 1999.

> 200 QTL reported,

on all wheat chromosomes

QTL in tetraploid wheat4 publications, resistance was mainly based on

T. dicoccoides or T. carthlicum

QTL in related species2 publications (Triticum macha, Thinopyrum ponticum)

Genetics of FHB resistance

SCAB USA 2010 9

FHB spread Multiple traits

Xbarc75

Xgwm389

Xgwm533.1

Xbarc147

Xgwm493

Xbarc87

Xgwm533.2

Xgwm566

Xwmc231

Xbarc68Xwmc612

Xgwm376

Xwmc527

Xwmc787

Xwmc291

Xbarc77

Xgwm247Xwmc261

Xgwm340

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Fh

b1

[1,2

,3,4

,5,6

,8,9

,10,1

1,1

2,1

3,1

4,1

5,1

6,1

7,1

8,1

9,2

0,2

3,2

4,2

5,2

6,2

7,2

9,3

0]

Nyu

Bai[1

3]

Huapei57-2

[12]

DH

181 [1

4]

Wangshuib

ai[3

0]

Wangshuib

ai[2

5]

Ern

ie [4

4]

3B

Fhb1

Buerstmayr et al. 2009 Löffler et al. 2009

Meta QTL analysisQTL Review Mapped QTL

SCAB USA 2010 10

FHB spread Multiple traits

Xbarc75

Xgwm389

Xgwm533.1

Xbarc147

Xgwm493

Xbarc87

Xgwm533.2

Xgwm566

Xwmc231

Xbarc68Xwmc612

Xgwm376

Xwmc527

Xwmc787

Xwmc291

Xbarc77

Xgwm247Xwmc261

Xgwm340

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Fh

b1

[1,2

,3,4

,5,6

,8,9

,10,1

1,1

2,1

3,1

4,1

5,1

6,1

7,1

8,1

9,2

0,2

3,2

4,2

5,2

6,2

7,2

9,3

0]

Nyu

Bai[1

3]

Huapei57-2

[12]

DH

181 [1

4]

Wangshuib

ai[3

0]

Wangshuib

ai[2

5]

Ern

ie [4

4]

3B

Fhb1

Buerstmayr et al. 2009 Löffler et al. 2009

Meta QTL analysisQTL Review

* Fhb1 (Qfhs.ndsu-3BS)

Nearly perfect marker:

Umn10PCR, co-dominant

Liu et al. 2008

Mapped QTL

SCAB USA 2010 11

Xbarc10

Xgwm443

Xgwm205

Xgwm293Xgwm415Xgwm129Xbarc117Xbarc186Xbarc180Xgwm304Xgwm96

Xgwm156Xgwm639Xgwm617Xwmc415Xgwm666Xbarc232

Xgwm126

Xgwm595

B1

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

CM

-82036 [8

,9]

W14 [1

5]

Nyu

Bai[1

3]

DH

181 [1

4]

Wangshuib

ai[2

8]

Wangshuib

ai[2

9]

CJ 9

306 [1

7,1

8]

Fro

nta

na

[31] R

enan

[35]

Renan

[35]

F201R

[36]

Ern

ie [4

4]

5A

Buerstmayr et al. 2009

Löffler et al. 2009

Meta QTL analysisQTL Review

FHB spread FHB incidence FHB severity DON Multiple traits

Mapped QTL

SCAB USA 2010 12

Xgwm459

Xbarc23

Xwmc256

Xgwm570

Xgwm169

Xgwm617

Xwmc206

Xwmc254

Xwmc59

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

ND

2603 [2

]

Dre

am

[41,4

2]

6A

Xgwm613

Xgwm132

Xgwm508

Xgwm193

Xgwm133

Xgwm644Xwmc397

Xgwm88

Xgwm608

Xwmc748

Xbarc24

Xwmc417

Xbarc134

0

20

40

60

80

Sum

ai3 [1

,2]

Fh

b2

[21]

Nin

g894037 [1

1]

Wangshuib

ai[2

3]

DH

181 [1

4]

Arin

a[3

9]

Arin

a[4

0]

Bla

ckbird

[50]

6B

Xcfd49

Xgdm132

Xwmc749

Xcfd19

Xgwm55

Xwmc753

Xwmc748

Xbarc96

Xwmc773

0

20

40

60

80

100

Arin

a[3

8]

6D

Fhb2

FHB spread FHB incidence FHB severity DON Multiple traits

Buerstmayr et al. 2009

Mapped QTL

Cuthbert et al. (2007) TAG 114: 429-437

Buerstmayr et al. 2009

SCAB USA 2010 13

Xgwm4

Xgwm165

Xgwm610

Xbarc170

Xgwm162

Xgwm160

Xwmc219

0

20

40

60

80

T.m

acha

[46]

Arin

a[3

8]

4A

Xwmc617

Xbarc20

Xgwm368

Xwmc238Xgwm192

Xgwm149

Xwmc349

Xwmc125

0

20

40

Wuhan

1 [1

3]

Wangshuib

ai[2

6]

Wangshuib

ai[2

8]

Chokw

ang

[33]

Ern

ie [4

4]

4B

Xwmc617

Rht-D1

Xwmc473

Xwmc331

Xcfd84

Xwmc622

Xgwm609

0

20

40

60

80

Arin

a[4

0]

DH

181 [1

4]

CS

-SM

3-7

AD

S [1

6]

4D

Spark

[52]

FHB spread FHB incidence FHB severity DON Multiple traits

Fhb4

Buerstmayr et al. 2009

Mapped QTL

Buerstmayr et al. 2009

Xue et al. (2010) TAG 121: 147–156

SCAB USA 2010 14

4B

Mapped QTL

Xue et al. (2010) TAG 121: 147–156

Fhb4

SCAB USA 2010 15

QTL summary for winter wheat (Holzapfel et al. TAG 2008)Mapped QTL

SCAB USA 2010 16

Introgression of the spring wheat derived QTL on 3BS and 5A into European winter wheat

Marker assisted back-crossing of QTL on chromosomes 3BS and 5A

Salameh et al. (2010) Molecular Breeding, online first

von der Ohe et al. (2010), Crop Science 50

QTL introgression

SCAB USA 2010 17

Back-crossing of resistance QTL

Selection by using DNA markers linked to Fusarium

resistance QTL.

CM-82036 x Winter Wheat (9 different cultivars)

F1 x WW

BC1 x WW

BC2 selfed

Marker selection for 2 QTL

Marker selection for 2 QTL

Marker selection for 2 QTL

Qfhs.ifa-5A AA AA aa aa

Fhb1(3BS) BB bb BB bbSalameh et al. (2010)

QTL introgression

SCAB USA 2010 18

Variety Origin Pedigree FHB reaction

CM-83036 MX Sumai-3/Thornbird-‘S’ HR

Apache FR Axial/NRPB-84-4233 MR

Petrus DE Nimbus/Vuka//Falke/4/Benno/Caribo//Kormoran/3/Kronjuwel MR

Enno DE Hustler/Achat/3/Caribo/Tadorna/2/Ibis/Ferto MR

Augustus AT Caribo/Multiweiss// MarisHuntsman/Disponent/3/Ikarus/Granada MS

P581 AT Herzog/Orbis MS

Ludwig AT Ares/Farmer MS

CH76152 CH NR399-84/EA8 S

Charger UK Fresco‘sib’/Mandate S

Orvantis FR Thesee//Disponent/Monopol/3/Torfrida S

Ten wheat varieties used for developing BC2F2 derived sister lines

QTL introgression

Salameh et al. (2010)

SCAB USA 2010 19

Evaluation of FHB resistance

Location: Experimental field

at IFA-Tulln, AT

3 Seasons (2006, 2007, 2008)

2 Isolates: F. graminearum, F. culmorum

� 6 experiments

Spray inoculation, mist irrigation

5 visual scorings of FHB severity,

calculation of the area under the disease

progress curve (AUDPC)

Salameh et al. (2010)

QTL introgression

SCAB USA 2010 20

Evaluation of yield and quality traits

Subset of 8 families and several modern cultivars as checks

3 field experiments: Tulln 2008, Reichersberg 2008, Tulln 2009.

5m2 plots

2 replications

lattice design

Yield

Agronomic traits

Quality traits

Salameh et al. (2010)

QTL introgression

SCAB USA 2010 21

FHB severity (AUDPC) on BC2derived sister lines

means over

6 experiments

Salameh et al. (2010)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

Ap

ach

e(1

)

aa

bb

AA

bb

aa

BB

AA

BB

Ap

ach

e(2

)

aa

bb

AA

bb

aa

BB

AA

BB

Ap

ach

e(3

)

aa

bb

AA

bb

aa

BB

AA

BB

Pe

tru

s

aa

bb

AA

bb

aa

BB

AA

BB

En

no

aa

bb

AA

bb

aa

BB

AA

BB

AU

DP

C

a a a a

b b b b

a

b b b b

a a a

b b b b

a a a

b b b

a a ab b

c c

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

Au

gu

stu

s(1

)

aa

bb

AA

bb

aa

BB

AA

BB

Au

gu

stu

s(2

)

aa

bb

AA

bb --

AA

BB

P5

81

aa

bb

AA

bb

aa

BB

AA

BB

Lu

dw

ig(1

)

aa

bb

AA

bb

aa

BB

AA

BB

Lu

dw

ig(2

)

aa

bb

AA

bb

aa

BB

AA

BB

AU

DP

C a a

b b

c c

a

b b

c

b b b bb b b

a a a a a a a

a a

b

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

Lu

dw

ig(3

)

aa

bb

AA

bb

aa

BB

AA

BB

CH

76

15

2

aa

bb

AA

bb

aa

BB

AA

BB

Ch

arg

er(

1)

aa

bb

AA

bb

aa

BB

AA

BB

Ch

arg

er(

2)

aa

bb

AA

bb

aa

BB

AA

BB

Orv

an

tis

aa

bb

AA

bb

aa

BB

AA

BB

AU

DP

C

a a a

b b b

c c

a

b b

c c

b b b

a a a a

b b bc c c a

b b

c c c

Tukey test p

SCAB USA 2010 22

Orvantis Orvantis BC2F2 3B+5A

QTL introgression

SCAB USA 2010 23

Yield performance of BC2 derived sister linesmeans over 3 experiments

Salameh et al. (2010)

5

6

7

8

9

Bala

ton

Mula

n

Mid

as

Ap

ach…

aab

b

AA

bb

aaB

B

AA

BB

Petr

us

aab

b

AA

bb

aaB

B

AA

BB

Enno

aab

b

AA

bb

aaB

B

AA

BB

P581

aab

b

AA

bb

aaB

B

AA

BB

t h

a-1

LSD0.05=1.1 tha-1

5

6

7

8

9

Akt

eur

Rain

er

Herm

ann

Lud

wig

…

aab

b

AA

bb

aaB

B

AA

BB

CH

76152

aab

b

AA

bb

aaB

B

AA

BB

Charg

…

aab

b

AA

bb

aaB

B

AA

BB

Orv

antis

aab

b

AA

bb

aaB

B

AA

BB

t h

a-1

LSD0.05=1.1 tha-1

QTL introgression

SCAB USA 2010 24

QTL introgression

SCAB USA 2010 25

Resistance donor: CM-82036 (Fhb1 + Qfhs.ifa-5A)

Recurrent winter wheat lines:

Opus: highly FHB susceptible (7 on a 1-9 scale)

Anthus: moderately resistant (4 on a 1-9 scale)

Marker assisted selection of BC3F2 plants: aabb, AAbb, aaBB, AABB

Field testing of BC3F2:5 lines in 10 experiments (5 locations, 2 years) for

1) FHB resistance: F. culmorum spray inoculations

2) Yield and quality: high-input production system (150 -200 kgN,

fungicides, CCC)

von der Ohe et al. (2010)

QTL introgression

SCAB USA 2010 26

von der Ohe et al. (2010)(modified)

Yield vs. FHB resistance in two BC3 populations

14-24 lines within each QTL class, replicated FHB resistance and yield testing

Anthus BC3F2:5 lines Opus BC3F2:5 lines

Anthus

Opus

QTL introgression

20

20

SCAB USA 2010 27

Frontana derived QTL

‘Frontana’ is a well known source of FHB resistance since many decades.

QTL mapped to chromosomes 3A and 5A (Steiner et al. 2004)

FHB severity FHB incidence

Xbarc570.0

Xbarc120.1

Xgwm36917.7

Xgwm77942.0

Xgwm72058.8

Xgwm111061.8

Xgwm112162.3

Xdupw22765.3

Xgwm15591.1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

LOD

Chromosome 3A

QTL introgression

SCAB USA 2010 28

FHB severity in BC2-derived sister lines for the marker Dupw227 at chromosome 3A in three ‚Frontana‘ derived

crosses with Apache, Augustus and Orvantis

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70M

ea

n F

HB

seve

rity

Apache Augustus Orvantis

n (lines per group) 18 24 15 17 15 12

Dupw227 aa AA aa AA aa AA

Recurrent cultivar

QTL introgression

SCAB USA 2010 29

Association of the semi-dwarf alleles Rht-B1a/b or Rht-D1a/b with FHB resistance

Marker assisted development of BC2F2 sister lines

recurrent parent: line ‘20812‘ (Rht-B1a/Rht-D1a), highly resistantdonor: ‘Hermann’ (Rht-B1b/Rht-D1a) and ‘Toras’ (Rht-B1a/Rht-D1b)

Rht-B1a Rht-B1b Rht-D1a Rht-D1b Controls

Me

an

FH

B s

eve

rity

[%

]

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Hermann

Toras

20812

Number of lines 18 22 19 19 3

Rht-B1a Rht-B1b Rht-D1a Rht-D1b ControlsRht-allele

Rht genes

SCAB USA 2010 30

Summary

Perfect markers still needed for most of the useful QTL

Association (correlation, linkage, pleiotropy) between

FHB resistance and other plant traits warrants further

investigation

Classical phenotypic selection for resistance is a successful strategy

Summary

Breeding for FHB resistance is (still) resource demanding

Molecular marker assisted selection is promising for large

effect QTL

The potential of genomic selection should be explored

SCAB USA 2010 31

Fulbright Visiting Professor

at the University of Natural Resources and Life Scienes Vienna

Autumn 2011

Clay Sneller, Ohio State University

Genomic Selection in Wheat Breeding.

SCAB USA 2010 32

Acknowledgments

Austrian Science Fund

Federal State

Lower Austria

Austrian Academic Exchange Service

Eurotransbio

Barbara Steiner

Marc Lemmens

Aziz Salameh

Apinun Limmongkon

Abdallah Alimari

Karin Huber

Johannes Heckmann

Katharina Schießl

Maria Buerstmayr

Matthias Fidesser

Andrea Koutnik

Gerhard Adam

Wolfgang Schweiger

Rainer Schuhmacher

Franz Berthiller

Kurt Brunner

Rudi Krska

James A. Anderson

Tomohiro Ban