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CURIE Academy 2014Design Project: Exploring an Internet of Things

Christopher BattenSchool of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Cornell University

http://www.csl.cornell.edu/curie2014

Electrical and Computer Engineering The Internet of Things CURIE Design Project

MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY

8:15-9:00amBreakfast





9:30-10:30amFieldSessionMaterialsScience&Engr

9:30-10:30amFieldSessionApplied&EngrPhysics

9:30-10:30amFieldSessionCivil &Environmental Engr

9:30-10:30amFieldSessionChemicalandBiomolecularEngr

9:30-10:30amFieldSessionMechanical&AerospaceEngr

10:30am –Transition





10:45-11:45amFieldSessionComputerScience&ISST

10:45-11:45amFieldSessionOperationsResearch&InformationEngr

10:45-11:45amFieldSessionEarth&AtmosphericSci.

10:45-11:45amFieldSessionBiomedicalEngr

10:45-11:45amFieldSessionEngineeringAdmissions

Lunch

11:45 am-12:45pmLunch

11:45 am-12:45pmLunch

11:45 am-12:45 pmLunch

11:45-12:45pmLunch

1-5 pmDesignProjectSession





11:45 am-12:45pm

MSE

CS

AEP

ORIE

CEE

EAS

CBE

BME

MAE

ECE: Electrical and Computer Engineering

CURIE Academy 2014 Design Project Overview 2 / 37


Talk Outline

Electrical and Computer Engineering

The Internet of Things

CURIE Design Project


• Electrical and Computer Engineering • The Internet of Things CURIE Design Project

PowerSystems

ComputerEngineering

ElectricalCircuits

ElectricalDevices

SignalProcessing

Telecomm



ECE is the Study and Application ofElectricity, Micro-Electronics, and Electro-Magnetism

ECE

Power Systems

Computer Engineering

ElectricalCircuits

Electrical Devices

Signal Processing

Telecomm

Bio-Electrical Engineering

Micro-Electro-Mechanical Devices

Opto-Electrical Devices

Fusion and Plasma Physics

Image, Audio, VideoProcessing

Information Theory

Smart Grid and Smart Buildings

Systems and Synthetic Biology

Atmospheric Science Control Theory

Robotics

Network Protocolsand Optimization

Analog and DigitalCircuits

Computer-AidedDesign



ECE is everywhere!

Data Centers

Solar PanelsMedical ImagingPortable Medical Devices

Internet Routers

Humanoid RobotsUnmanned Vehicles

GPS Devicesand Satellites

Electric andHybrid Vehicles

Fiber OpticNetworks

Automobiles

DigitalCameras

Computing: From Handhelds to Servers

GameConsoles



What can one do with a background in ECE?

I ECE Industry: Intel, AMD, Analog Devices, NVIDIA, HP, Apple

I General Engineering Industry: GE, Lockheed Martin, Raytheon

I Software Industry: Microsoft, Amazon, Mathworks

I Join a Startup: Achronix, Hillcrest Labs

I Research Lab: Sandia National Labs, Draper Labs, NASA

I Consulting: McKinsey, Accenture, Deloitte, Booz Allen Hamilton

I Finance: Deutsche Bank, Capital One, UBS, Bloomberg

I Graduate School: Law School, Business School, Med School

I Found a university!



Cornell was founded because of ECE!

Samuel Morse invented thetelegraph (a digital communicationdevice), but needed help buildingthe network

Ezra Cornell built the firsttelegraph line (the beginning oftelecommunications), and investedin the Western Union Telegraph Co

"What hathGod wrought?"

Ezra Cornell’s investments created the fortunethat eventually enabled the founding of Cornell University



“Optional Homework”

I Visit the statue of Ezra Cornellon the Arts Quad

I Does something on the back ofthe statue relate to ECE?

I Take a picture with your cellphoneand send it to your friend!. Power systems. Computer engineering. Electrical circuits. Electrical devices. Signal processing. Telecommunications




ECE

Power Systems


ElectricalCircuits

Electrical Devices

Signal Processing

Telecomm

Bio-Electrical Engineering

Micro-Electro-Mechanical Devices

Opto-Electrical Devices

Fusion and Plasma Physics

Image, Audio, VideoProcessing

Information Theory

Smart Grid and Smart Buildings

Systems and Synthetic Biology

Atmospheric Science Control Theory

Robotics

Network Protocolsand Optimization

Analog and DigitalCircuits

Computer-AidedDesign



The Computer Systems Stack

Technology

Application

Gap too large to bridge in one step(but there are exceptions, e.g., a magnetic compass)

In its broadest definition, computer engineering is thedevelopment of the abstraction/implementation layers that allow us to

execute information processing applications efficientlyusing available manufacturing technologies




Register-Transfer Level

Circuits

Devices

Instruction Set Architecture

Programming Language

Algorithm

Microarchitecture

Com

pute

r E

ng

ineeri

ng

Technology

Application

Operating System

Gate Level

Sort an array of numbers

2,6,3,8,4,5 -> 2,3,4,5,6,8

1. Find minimum number in input array2. Move minimum number into output array3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 until finished

Insertion sort algorithm

void isort( int b[], int a[], int n ) { for ( int idx, k = 0; k < n; k++ ) { int min = 100; for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++ ) { if ( a[i] < min ) { min = a[i]; idx = i; } } b[k] = min; a[idx] = 100; }}

C implementation of insertion sort





Circuits

Devices



Algorithm

Microarchitecture

Com

pute

r E

ng

ineeri

ng

Technology

Application

Operating System

Gate Level

Mac OS X, Windows, LinuxHandles low-level hardware management

blez $a2, donemove $a7, $zeroli $t4, 99move $a4, $a1move $v1, $zeroli $a3, 99lw $a5, 0($a4)addiu $a4, $a4, 4slt $a6, $a5, $a3movn $v0, $v1, $a6addiu $v1, $v1, 1movn $a3, $a5, $a6

MIPS32 Instruction SetInstructions that machine executes





Circuits

Devices



Algorithm

Microarchitecture

Com

pute

r E

ng

ineeri

ng

Technology

Application

Operating System

Gate Level

Silicon processtechnology

Si Si Si

SiSiSi

Transistors and wires

Combining devicesto do useful work

Boolean logic gatesand functions

How data flowsthrough system



Computer Systems: CS vs. EE vs. CE

In its broadest definition, computer engineering is thedevelopment of the abstraction/implementation layers that allow us to

execute information processing applications efficientlyusing available manufacturing technologies


Circuits

Devices



Algorithm

Microarchitecture

Com

pute

r E

ng

ineeri

ng

Technology

Application

Operating System

Gate Level

TraditionalComputer Science

TraditionalElectrical Engineering

Computer Engineering is at theinterface between hardware and softwareand considers the entire system


Electrical and Computer Engineering • The Internet of Things • CURIE Design Project

Talk Outline






The “Traditional” Internet

Internetof

People

Human beings mustcollect, enter, publish, and analyze

almost all of the informationthat is transmitted over the Internet



Bell’s Law

Roughly every decade a new, smaller, lower priced computer class formsbased on a new programming platform resulting in entire new industries

103

104

105

106

107

108

102

Pri

ce

in

Do

lla

rs

1950 1960 1970 1980 2000 2010

G. Bell. "Bell's Law for the Birth and Death of Computer Classes."CACM, Jan 2008.

1990

104

106

108

1010

1012

102

100

Vo

lum

e in

mm

3

2020 1950 1960 1970 1980 2000 20101990 2020

Y. Lee et al. "Modular 1mm3 Die-Stacked Sensing Platform ..."JSSC, Jan 2013.

Mainframes

Mainframes

Minicomputers

Minicomputers

Workstations

Workstations

PersonalComputers

PersonalComputers

Laptops

LaptopsHandhelds

Handhelds

Supercomputers

ScalableClusters

CloudComputing

Internet of ThingsIoT



Emerging Trend Towards an Internet of Things

Internetof

Things

Interconnected "things" augmented with inexpensiveembedded controllers, sensors, actuators tocollect information and interact with the world



IoT Example: Spending the Day Hiking



IoT Smart Home



IoT Smart Power Distribution Grid



IoT Early Disaster Warning System



IoT Wildlife Tracking System



IoT Wearable Health Monitor



Internet of Things + Computer Engineering

Internetof

Things

Field of computer engineering is well-situatedto serve as a foundation for students

interested in this emerging area


Circuits

Devices



Algorithm

MicroarchitectureComputer

Engineering

Technology

Application

Operating System

Gate Level


Electrical and Computer Engineering The Internet of Things • CURIE Design Project •

Talk Outline






CURIE Design Project Schedule

Monday Lab 1: Computer Engineering – Hardware PerspectiveSimple calculator out of basic logic gates

Tuesday Lab 2: Computer Engineering – Software PerspectiveMobile robot control application

Wednesday Lab 3: “Smart Door” IoT SystemBegin Designing IoT System for Project

Thursday Design, Implement, and Test IoT System

Friday Test IoT SystemPrepare Project Demonstration and Presentation



Lab 1: Computer Engineering – Hardware Perspective


Circuits

Devices



Algorithm

Microarchitecture

Technology

Application

Operating System

Gate Level

Scholars will incrementally build a simple "calculator"capable of adding small binary numbers using basic logic gates



Lab 2: Computer Engineering – Software Perspective


Circuits

Devices



Algorithm

Microarchitecture

Technology

Application

Operating System

Gate Level

Scholars will incrementally build a mobile robot controlapplication capable of wandering an environment to find a target

using the popular Arduino micro-controller



Lab 3: “Smart Door” IoT System

IoTCloud

IoT InputDevice

IoT OutputDevice

Scholars will build a basic IoT systemincluding an IoT device to send the

door status to the cloud and anIoT device to display the door status



CURIE IoT Design Projects

IoTCloud

IoT InputDevice

IoT OutputDevice

IoT InputDevice

IoT Input Modules(sensors)

IoT Output Modules(displays,actuators)



CURIE IoT Input Modules

Light Temperature RangeForce

Pulse Water CurrentAcceleration



CURIE IoT Output Modules

RGB LED Piezo Buzzer RelayLED Matrix

Miniprinter Servo



CURIE IoT Smart Home

IoTCloud

IoT InputDevice

IoT OutputDevice

IoT InputDevice

Light Temperature Range RelayLED Matrix



CURIE IoT Smart Power Distribution Grid

IoTCloud

IoT InputDevice

IoT OutputDevice

IoT InputDevice

RelayLED Matrix RelayLED MatrixCurrent



CURIE IoT Early Disaster Warning System

IoTCloud

IoT InputDevice

IoT OutputDevice

IoT InputDevice

ForceWater Acceleration RGB LED Piezo Buzzer



CURIE IoT Wildlife Tracking System

IoTCloud

IoT InputDevice

IoT OutputDevice

IoT InputDevice

Range Piezo BuzzerLED MatrixLocation



CURIE IoT Wearable Health Monitor

IoTCloud

IoT InputDevice

IoT OutputDevice

IoT InputDevice

AccelerationPulse Miniprinter



Design Project Summary

I Lab 1: Computer Engineering from theHardware Perspective

I Lab 2: Computer Engineering from theSoftware Perspective

I Lab 3: “Smart Door” IoT System

I Projects will involve designing, implementing,and testing a simple IoT device inspired byreal-world applications of IoT

Goal: Introduce CURIE scholars broadly to thepractice of engineering and more specifically to

computer engineering


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