culture and business

8/19/2019 Culture and Business

1/14

!"#$ '

()*+),$ "-. /)01-$00

23 24526257892:; 845 (:262:;?

!"#$%&'()*+? :@$ A"B " C$,0D- $EC$,1$-F$0 +@1-#0 1- @10 D, @$, DA- G1-. H"0$. D- I$$*1-#0 D,

DC1-1D-0 ,"+@$, +@"- I"F+0 JC"1-K $GDLD-0M3

!"#$%&*? 8 H$1-# A@D 10 "*A"B0 )-.$,0+DD. 1- ,$I$,$-F$ +D C,$$E10L-# 0DF1"* FD-.1LD-0 "-. F"+$#D,1$0

J" 0)HN$F+ 1- " CD*1F$ 1-O$0L#"LD-K " 0)HN$F+ 1- "- $EC$,1G$-+M

!%,- ? :@$ 0)HN$F+ DI D-$P0 DA- $EC$,1$-F$ DI C@$-DG$-"K +@$ A"B @$ 10 .1Q$,$-+ I,DG D+@$,0K DA-

1.$-L+B

R$"-1-# DI 0)HN$F+?

S ./,)'&0, !%23%4 8 C$,0D- )-.$, +@$ FD-+,D* DI "-D+@$, D, DA$0 DH$.1$-F$ +D "-D+@$,

5 .6),/3/76)&0, !%23%4 :@$ )-.$,*1-# 0)H0+"-F$ D, $00$-F$ DI " +@1-# "0 .10L-#)10@$. I,DG 1+0

-D-T$00$-L"* C,DC$,L$03 :@$ 0)HN$F+ 10 +@$ $00$-F$ "-. A$ -$$. +D )-.$,0+"-. +@$ $00$-L"*

C,DC$,L$0 "0 DCCD0$. "0 +D +@$ -D-T$00$-L"* C,DC$,L$03 8 0)HN$F+ 10 " H$1-# D, " CDA$, +@"+

+@1-U0K U-DA0 D, C,DF$$.0

5 890::0'&0, !%23%4 :@$ C",+ DI +@$ 0$-+$-F$ DI A@1F@ +@$ ,$0+ DI +@$ 0$-+$-F$ 10 C,$.1F"+$.3

:@$ F$-+,"* C",+ DI +@$ 0$-+$-F$ "HD)+ A@1F@ +@$ D+@$, C",+0 ",$ 0$+ "HD)+ V 2 "G +"*U1-# 1- F*"00

V +@$ 0)HN$F+ 10 2K +"*U1-# 10 +@$ C,$.1F"+$ V $O$,B+@1-# ,$*"+$0 +D +@$ 0)HN$F+ DI +@$ 0$-+$-F$3

; 7033%2?%9

09+

20 *1U$ 0)HD,.1-"+$.3

:@$ 0)HN$F+ 10 .$W-$. HB @10

CD01LD- "0 DCCD0$. +D 0DG$D-$ D,

0DG$+@1-# $*0$ A@D 10 GD,$

")+@D,1+"LO$3

Unique/Anonymous @2)A"%(D,$ DI D), 1-.1O1.)"*1+B $00$-F$K

D), 1.$-L+B3 20 " FDGH1-"LD- DI

F@","F+$,10LF0 "-. X)"*1L$0 +@"+

G"U$ )0 A@D A$ ",$3

B2/2+:/"38-BD-$ F"- +"U$ 1+0 C*"F$3

:@$ 0)HN$F+0 X)"*1L$0 ",$ $EC*"1-$.

HB $E+$,-"* G$"-0 "-. ",$ "F+D,0

+@"+ F"- H$ ,$C*"F$.3

:@$ 0)HN$F+ 10 20 1-+$,F@"-#$"H*$

Cause/Effect C0"3%20 +@$ .,1O1-# ID,F$ DI D), "FLD-0

"-. 1-+$-LD-03

Y$0)*+ DI D), "FLD-0 "-. A1**03

;D%&*

:@$ $Q$F+ DI D+@$, I"F+D,0 +@"+

A$,$ .,1O1-# "-. DC$,"L-# 1+3

4D+ " X)$0LD- DI A1**3

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenomenon%22%20%5Co%20%22Phenomenonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experience%22%20%5Co%20%22Experiencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subject_(philosophy)%22%20%5Co%20%22Subject%20(philosophy)


2/14

!"#$ Z

:@$ .,1O$, 10 ,$0CD-01O$K @$ ,$0CD-.0 +D 01#- +,"[F *1#@+0 @$ .1.-\+ F,$"+$ J+@$ F", @$ 10 .,1O1-# D,

C"O$ +@$ ,D".0 @$ D-*B F@DD0$0 +@$ $E10L-# ,D".0M3 =)0+ *1U$ +@$ C"00$-#$,K @$ "*A"B0 ,$0CD-.0 +D

+@1-#0 H$BD-. @10]@$, FD-+,D* +@"+ ",$ "*,$".B +@$,$^ +@$ 0$*I 10 "- 1**)01D- DI A@D*$-$003

(,$"LD- DI +@$ 0)HN$F+? 8 0)HN$F+ 10 " 0DF1"* FD-0+,)FLD-K D), $E10+$-F$ "0 0)HN$F+0 "-. 0$*I\0 10

.$C$-.$-+ D- 0DF1"* "-. F)*+),"* F"+$#D,1$0K I"F+D,0 +@"+ ",$ .1Q$,$-+ "-. $E+$,-"* +D D),0$*O$03

!)?:"2> E9%">4_$ .$O$*DC$. .1Q$,$-+ GD.$*0 DI +@$ @)G"- G1-. J0)HN$FLO1+BM3 _$ G".$ "

A@D*$ 0B0+$G D)+ DI +@$ H"01F "00)GCLD- +@"+ +@$,$ ",$ C"+@D*D#1$0 +@"+ ",$ " .1,$F+ $Q$F+ DI

C,DF$00$0 H1D*D#1F"* D, -$),D*D#1F"* @"CC$-1-# 1- D), HD.1$03

:@$ +DCD#,"C@1F"* GD.$* DI +@$ @)G"- G1-.]CB0F@1?

83 (D-0F1D)0-$00? .$W-$0 "-. .,1O$0 )0K D), 1.$-L+B3

/3 !,$TFD-0F1D)0-$00? C,$0$,O$ D), 0$*`DD. "-. FD-0L+)+$ HD+@ +D $E+$,-"* "-. 1-+$,-"*$O$-+03

(3 :@$ )-FD-0F1D)0? 10 +@$ C0BF@1 DI ,$C,$001D- DI .1Q$,$-+ $O$-+0 H$1-# C)0@$. H"FU HB

0DG$ ID,F$ +@"+ C,$O$-+0 +@$G I,DG H$1-# .10F@",#$. "+ +@$ 0),I"F$ T +@$ $#D]253

>E? :,")G"0 +@"+ ",$ +DD @",. +D I"F$K ",$ C)0@$. H"FU HB +@$ )-FD-0F1D)03

1. Ego **

• Regulated according to the levels of stimuli.

• Avoid excessive stimuli and gain pleasure.

• Mediates between the ID and the superego.

• Takes the urge and transform it• Partly conscious and partly unconscious.

2. ID (it): the desire generates here; makes achaos of instinct, pushes up out of theunconscious to the conscious.

• Completely unconscious.

3. Superego: ethical component of thepersonality. Positive aspirations and ideals torepresent a self image (didn’t appear untilsecond structural model)


3/14

!"#$ a

bb :@$ $#D FD-0L+)+$0 HD+@ $E+$,-"* "-. 1-+$,-"* $O$-+0?

T ;"&'(% 02> 3/&)0, #%)2?4 1- D,.$, ID, C$DC*$ +D $E10+K +@$B @"O$ +D C,D.)F+ +@$1,G$"-0 DI $E10+$-F$ "-. A$ F"--D+ .D 1+ "*D-$K A$ -$$. +D .D 1+ A1+@ D+@$, C$DC*$3

S J09


4/14

!"#$ k

LM NO; PB!; J.$+$,G1-$ D), H$@"O1D, ]1.$"0K F)*+),$M

S !,D.)FLO$ ID,F$0? >O$,B+@1-# +@"+ $-"H*$0 G$- +D FD-+,D* D), DO$,FDG$ -"+),$ V +$F@-D*D#BK

0F1$-F$ "-. @)G"- 0U1**03 >O$,B+@1-# A$ )0$ +D C,D.)F$3 :@$B ",$ "*A"B0 $OD*O1-# 01-F$ A$ ",$

"*A"B0 FDG1-# )C A1+@ GD,$ A"B0 +D F@"-#$ +@$ $-O1,D-G$-+ +D G"U$ 1+ GD,$ 0)1+"H*$ ID, D),

-$$.03

S Y$*"LD-0 DI C,D.)FLD-0]0DF1"* ,$*"LD-0?


5/14

!"#$ n

("C1+"*10G 10 H"0$. D- +@$ FD-0+"-+ -$$. +D .$O$*DC +@$ GD.$ DI C,D.)FLD-?

:0R)2? :/2%+ S79/T*U VW %/: ,)R% 02+ /*6%9 -/9: /- )>%/,/?+ 3%9(%3 *6% )2*%9%3*3 /- *6% 9",)2? &,033M

MODES OF PRODUCTION

Asian S 2-1L"* ID,G DI F*"00 0DF1$+BK A@$,$ " 0G"** #,D)C$E+,"F+0 0DF1"* 0),C*)0 +@,D)#@ O1D*$-F$ "1G$. "+

0$e*$. D, )-0$e*$. H"-. FDGG)-1L$0 A1+@1- "

.DG"1-3

Ancient :@$ 0*"O$ O03 +@$ G"0+$,

Feudal :@$ *"-.*D,. O03 :@$ O"00"*]O$-+)"**BK A1** *$". +D " F*"00*$00

0DF1$+B

S c1** C,DO1.$ +@$ H"010 ID, +@$ FDGG)-10G I)+),$

0DF1$+B3


6/14

!"#$ q

2- F"C1+"*10GK I,$$.DG G$"-0 I,$$ +,".$ JI,$$.DG +D H)B "-. 0$** $O$,B+@1-# 1- +@$ G",U$+MK A1+@D)+

1+K F"C1+"*10+0 AD-+ H$ "H*$ +D G"U$ C,DW+ "-. "FF)G)*"+$ F"C1+"*3 2I +@$ AD,U$,0 A1** -D+ H$*1$O$ +@"+

+@$B ",$ $00$-L"**B I,$$ "0 +@$B 0$** +@$1, *"HD,K F"C1+"*10G A1** -D+ H$ "H*$ +D $EC*D1+ +@10 *"HD,$, +D

G"U$ " C,DW+3 JF"C1+"*10+ A1** -D+ H$ "H*$ +D #$+ ,1F@$,M3 c$ G10+"U$ D), GD.$,- ID,G DI $-0*"O$G$-+

"0 I,$$.DG "-. G10+"U$ 1-$X)"*1+B ID, $X)"*1+B3

F>%/,/?+ 0&&/9>)2? */ J09%/,/?+ )3 *6% >/:)202* )>%03 0* 02+ &%9*0)2 7%9)/> /- ':% 02> 0,X0+3 *6% 9",%3 /- *6% 9",)2? &,033

02> >%3)?2%> */ 3%9(% *6% 9",)2? &,033 )2*%9%3*3M

:@$ "#$ DI C$,0D-"* I,$$.DG 10 H"0$. )CD- +@$ "00)GCLD- +@"+ 1-.1O1.)"*0 GDO$ "HD)+ I,$$*B 1I +@$B

F"- 1- "- $FD-DG1F $-O1,D-G$-+K +@$B F"- .D "-B+@1-# +@$B A"-+ +D3 :@$ 0B0+$G )0$0 0DG$D-$ *1U$

fH"G" +@"+ A$ 0@D)*. 0$$ +@$ $EF$CLD- DI +@$ ,)*$K +@$ F"C1+"* 0B0+$G G"U$0 0),$ +@"+ D-*B " I$A

A1** #$+ +D 0)F@ @1#@ 0+"-.",.0 *1U$ fH"G"3 JfH"G" 10 +@$ $EF$CLD- -D+ +@$ ,)*$M3 ("C1+"*10G G"U$0

0),$ +@"+ D-*B I$A A1** #$+ +D 0)F@ " @1#@ 0+"-.",.3

C07)*0,)3: X),, 3%,- >%3*9"&* )*3%,-4

T 8.O"-F$. +$F@-D*D#B? F")0$0 C$DC*$ *D0$ +@$1, NDH0 JH$FDG1-# CDD,M "-. A1** H$FDG$ C",+ DI +@$

C,D*$+",1"-3 8*0D 1+ A1** H$ "H*$ +D C,DO1.$ ID, $O$,BD-$ H)+ *$00 C$DC*$ A1** H$ "H*$ +D H)B 1+3

T c$ F"-\+ ,1. D),0$*O$0 DI 1.$D*D#B? +@$,$ -$$.0 +D H$ " FD-+,".1FLD-K ,$OD*)LD- "-. " F@"-#$ DI

D), O1$A? D), I"*0$ FD-0F1D)0-$00 A1** .101-+$#,"+$3 J10 -D+ $-D)#@ +D ,$FD#-1j$ +@"+ A$ ",$ H$1-#

G10*$. HB 1.$D*D#BK 0DG$+@1-# @"0 +D @"CC$- "+ +@$ H"0$M

Y)*6 E90"> /"9 &/23&)/"32%33 )3 /2,+ *6% '7 /- *6% )&%#%9? 02> 0&&/9>)2? */ J09< /"9 &/23&)/"32%33

)3 >%*%9:)2%> #+ ):7%93/20, %&/2/:)& 79/&%33%3 *60* 6077%23 0* *6% #03%M


7/14

!"#$ u

2.$D*D#B -"+),"*1j$0 "-. )-1O$,0"*1j$0 1.$"0 "-. C,$0$-+0 +@$G "0 "CC*B1-# +D "-. H$-$WF1"* ID, "** DI

@)G"-1+BK A@$- "F+)"**B +@$0$ 1.$"0 0$,O$ +@$ -",,DA 1-+$,$0+ DI +@$ I$A3

S @2)(%930,)Z0'/24 /B C,$0$-L-# 1.$"0 "0 $+$,-"* "-. )-1O$,0"*K F$,+"1- O"*)$0 "-. 1-+$,$0+0 +@"+ ",$

0C$F1WF +D " LG$ "-. C*"F$ ",$ C,$0$-+$. "0 +@$ 1-+$,$0+ "-. O"*)$0 DI "** DI @)G"-1+B3

>E"GC*$? ri,$$.DGs3 2I A$ .D-P+ 0$$ 1+ "0 " )-1O$,0"* 1.$"K +@$ 0$*W0@ "-. 0$FLD-"* -"+),$ DI +@$

1.$" A1** H$FDG$ DHO1D)0 "-. A1** F")0$ C$DC*$ +D ,$0$-+ +@$G3

S [0*"90,)Z0'/24 !,$0$-L-# 1.$"0 "0 -"+),"* "-. DHO1D)0 0D +@"+ -D D-$ A1** $O$, H$ "H*$ +D +@1-U

+@"+ +@$,$ 10 "-D+@$, A"B DI "FL-# "-. +@1-U1-#3 :@10 C,$O$-+0 )0 I,DG ,$010L-# +@$ 0B0+$G3 c@$-

A$ 0$$ 1.$"0 "0 DCCD01-# +@$ .DG1-"-+ 1.$"0K A$ .$"* A1+@ +@"+ HB C,$0$-L-# +@$G "0 )-+@1-U"H*$

"-. )-"FF$C+"H*$ "-. 1**D#1F"*3

2I 1.$"0 ",$ .$,1O$. I,DG G"+$,1"* C,DF$00$0 +@"+ @"CC$- "+ +@$ H"0$K @DA F"- A$ DCCD0$ +@$G D,

DQ$, " ,$OD*)LD-",B 1.$" +@"+ A1** F@"-#$ +@$ 0DF1"* ,$*"LD-v :@10 @". +AD FD-0$X)$-F$0?

'3 (,$"+$. " O1$A F"**$. $FD-DG10G D, $FD-DG1F .$+$,G1-10G? 1.$"0 F"--D+ F@"-#$ ,$"*1+B 0D A$

F"--D+ 1-+$,I$,$ A1+@ 0DF1"* C,DF$00$0 "-. *$+ $FD-DGB .D 1+0 DA- +@1-#3

Z3 9$-1-0G? 1.$D*D#B A"0 -D+ N)0+ " 0$+ DI 1.$"0 DI " ,)*1-# F*"00K H)+ F"- "*0D H$ +@$ FDGC$L-# 1.$"0

J"- 1.$D*D#B DI +@$ C,D*$+",1"- +@"+ 0@D)*. H$ C,DGD+$.K "0 DCCD0$. +D 1.$"0 DI "- 1.$D*D#B

A@1F@ 10 F"C1+"*10+ "-. 0@D)*. H$ .$-1$.M3

8 +,)$ R",E10+ A1** "*A"B0 @D*. +@10 FD-+,".1F+D,B O1$A?

5 ./3)'(% 3)>% /- &07)*0,)3:4 A$ ",$ H$1-# GD,$ "-. GD,$ 1--DO"L-#K A$ ",$ C,D#,$001-# A$ ",$

W-.1-# -$A A"B0 +D *1O$ H$e$,3 RD,$ 0)FF$00I)* 1+ A1** #$+ +@$ GD,$ G"+$,1"* +@$ *1I$ A1** H$3 h"C0A1+@ A$"*+@ A1** #$+ H1##$, "-. +@$- "+ " F$,+"1- CD1-+ +@$B A1** @"O$ -D+@1-# +D *D0$3

S P0> 3)>% /- &07)*0,)3:4 2+ F,$"+$0 I"*0$ FD-0F1D)0-$00K @"0 +@$ GD0+ H,)+"* I,DG DI $EC*D1+"LD- +@"+

@"0 $O$, H$$- 0$$- 1- @10+D,B "-. G"U$0 " *D+ DI C$DC*$ CDD,$,3

8m$, "** +@$0$ 1.$"0 A$,$ 0@"U$- "-. R",E10G -$$.$. +D H$ ,$+@D)#@+ op h,"G0F1

FFFM 8HBJ!CF SF*0,)02 J09


8/14

!"#$ w

N6% #03% 3',, :0)2*0)23 0 79):09+ 9/,% )2 &602?)2? 7/,)'&0, 9%0,)*+4 4f: HB .DG1-"LD-K FD-+,D* D,

A1--1-# +@$ AD,U1-# ID,F$3

op :@$ ,)*$. F*"00 @"O$ +D #1O$ +@$1, FD-F$C+ "-. G"U$ +@$0$ 1.$"0 C",+ DI +@$1, *1O$0 J.D1-# 1+

)-FD-0F1D)0*BM3

2-+$**$F+)"*0?

S N90>)'/20, )2*%,,%&*"0,34 J2-.$C$-.$-+MT X)*6/"* ,0#/9

T 9De$,B? +@$ 1.$" +@"+ 2 FD)*. @"O$ W-"-F1"* I,$$.DG A1+@D)+ @"O1-# +D AD,U3

Political Society Civil Society

hDO$,-G$-+K G1*1+",B "-. CD*1F$3 !,1O"+$*B DA-$. :6 0+"LD-0K +@$ G$.1"K ,$*1#1D)0

1-0L+)LD-0K HDB 0FD)+0 "-. $.)F"LD- 0B0+$G0

c$ #1O$ D), FD-0$-+ ID, +@$ #DO$,-G$-+ +D "F+ A1+@

ID,F$3

b 8-B 0D,+ DI 0DF1"*],)*$, F*"00 F"--D+ 0+"B 1- F@",#$

ID, *D-# 1I 1+ D-*B )0$0 ID,F$ +D .DG1-"+$ F1Lj$-03 2+

-$$.0 +D #$+ +@$ F1Lj$-0 FD-0$-+ $0C$F1"**B 1- "

F"C1+"*10+ 0DF1$+B3

R"U$ )0 1-+$,-"*1j$ 0DF1"* CD01LD-0 -D+ HB A"B DI

ID,F$K H)+ C$,0)"01D- +@,D)#@ C,"FLF$0 +@"+ 0$$G

."1*B "-. DHO1D)0

c$ #$+ "** +@$ 1.$"0 I,DG +@$ ,)*1-# F*"00 HB

$-FD)-+$,1-# +@$G 1- D), F)*+),$ "-. A$ C,"FLF$ "-.

1-+$,-"*1j$ +@$G I,DG " O$,B BD)-# "#$3

T >E"GC*$? /$1-# D- LG$ J2 #,$A )C A1+@ +@$

FD-F$C+ DI H$1-# D- LG$ "-. 2 H$F"G$ " C$,0D-

+@"+ +@10 C,"FLF$ 0@"C$0 A@D 2 "G3 c$ *$",- +D

)-FD-0F1D)0*B "FF$C+ +@"+ 1.$" +@"+ 10 F"C1+"*10+ 1-

-"+),$M3

:@10 10 @DA @$#$GD-B AD,U0 J-D+ ID,F$M3


9/14

!"#$ x

F]M I@F! BINO@!!;H SE9%2&6 J09E"GC*$? 2I D-$ 10 HD,- 1-+D " ,$*1#1D)0 I"G1*B @$ C$,ID,G0 "F+0 DI ,$*1#1D- H$ID,$ @$

)-.$,0+"-.0 A@"+ @$ 10 .D1-#3 2+ H$FDG$0 C",+ DI +@$1, *1O$0 +D C,"FLF$ "** +@$ "0C$F+0 DI

,$*1#1D)0 H$*1$I0 $O$- H$ID,$ +@$B )-.$,0+"-. +@$ H$*1$I0 "-. 1.$"03 2- +@10 0$-0$ H$*1$I 10 HD,-

D)+ DI "FLD-3 8-. 1- +@10 0$-0$ H$*1$I 10 G"+$,1"*3

>E"GC*$? H$1-# D- LG$ T 2 A"U$ )C 1- +@$ GD,-1-# 1- D,.$, +D #D $",*B +D 0DG$+@1-#K A$ *$",-+@"+ $O$- H$ID,$ A$ )-.$,0+"-. +@$ 0C$F1WF G$"-1-# "-. A@B A$ .D 1+3 2I 2 "G D- LG$K C$DC*$

A1** +@1-U #DD. +@1-#0 DI G$3 J:@10 ."1*B C,"FLF$ 10 0D DHO1D)0 +@"+ 2 .D-\+ +@1-U "HD)+ 1+

"-BGD,$ "-. 0$$ 1+ "0 C",+ DI GB *1I$ "-. -D+ "0 " F"C1+"*10LF 0B0+$G3

a3 )>%/,/?+ )2*%97%,,0*%3 )2>)()>"0,3 03 3"#$%&*34 /$1-# " 0)HN$F+ G$"-0 $EF$CL-# 0DF1"*

CD01LD-0 +@"+ .DG1-"-+ 1.$D*D#1F"* .10FD),0$ #1O$ )0K A$ -$$. +D 1.$-LIB A1+@ +@D0$ 0DF1"*

CD01LD-0 $O$- 1I +@$B FD-+,".1F+ D-$ "-D+@$,3 2.$D*D#B +),-0 )0 1-+D FD@$,$-+ "-. )-1W$.

0)HN$F+0 1- +@$ 0$-0$ +@"+ 2 FD-F$1O$ GB0$*I "0 )-1W$.K "** DI +@$ FDGCD-$-+0 DI GB 1.$-L+B

,$*"+$ +D D-$ "-D+@$, "-. .D-\+ FD-+,".1F+ $"F@ D+@$, $O$- 1I +@$B 0$$G +D3 2-+$,C$**"LD-

G"U$0 G$ H$*1$O$ +@"+ 1+ 10 .1,$F+$. +D G$ "-. $EC,$00$0 GB 1-.1O1.)"*1+B "-. GB )-1X)$-$00K$O$- A@$- 2 "G D-*B D-$ DI +@$ G"-B C$DC*$ +@$ 1-+$,C$**"LD- "..,$00$.3 8,#)$0 +@"+ +@$

,D*$ DI +@$ GD.$,- 0+"+$ 10 +D G"1-+"1- +@$ D,.$, "-. 10 1-+$,$0+$. 1- C,D+$F+ 1+0 1-+$,$0+0K @$

@"0 +D G$F@"-10G0?

S Y


10/14

!"#$ 'y

b 2+ $E$,F10$ 1+0 1-d)$-F$ D- D), )-FD-0F1D)0? "- "F+ DI @"1*1-# D, 1-O1+"LD- +@"+ F"**0 +D

0DG$D-$ +D +"U$ " F$,+"1- 0+"-.3 2+ @"CC$-0 1- 01+)"LD-0 A@$- A$ @"O$ +D ,$FD#-1j$ "-

")+@D,1+B3

b :@$ 1GCD,+"-F$ DI +@10 01+)"LD- A@$,$ 1-+$,C$**"LD- @"CC$-0 10 1- +@$ H$@"O1D,0 +@"+ +@10

01+)"LD- F,$"+$0 "-. +@$ 0)HN$F+ CD01LD-0 +@"+ 0)F@ " 01+)"LD- #1O$0 +D +@D0$ A@D

C",LF1C"+$3

>E"GC*$? _$B BD) +@$,$ V +@$ 0+).$-+ 1.$-LW$. @1G0$*I 1- +@$ @"1*1-#K 1.$-LW$. @10 ")+@D,1+B

"0 " *$F+),$,K A"0 ,$FD#-1j$. HB @10 ")+@D,1+B "-. 1GG$.1"+$*B +DDU )CD- @1G0$*I +@$G ,D*$ DI

" 0+).$-+ J0)HN$F+M +@$ 0+).$-+ 1.$-L+B "-. FD-0$X)$-F$0 +@"+ G1#@+ ID**DA +@$ 01+)"LD- DI

1-+$,C$**"LD-3

8*+@)00$, $GC@"01j$0 +AD G$"-1-#0 DI 0)HN$F+0?

S !"#$%&* 03 0 *6)2R)2? 7%93/24 D-$ A@D @"0 FD-0F1D)0-$00 "-. +@$ 0D),F$ DI +@$ G$"-1-#0 +@"+

+@$ 0)HN$F+ F,$"+$0K " G"0+$, DI @10 DA- *1I$ "-. FD-0F1D)0-$00K D- A@D 10 0$*IT,$d$FLO$ "-.

$00$-L"**B 0$$- "0 I,$$ +D "F+ +D F@DD0$ @10 DA- "FLD-0 "-. DA- A"B DI *1I$3

5 B &)'Z%2 X6/ )3 3"#$%&*%> */ *6% 0"*6/9)*+ /- 3/:%/2% %,3%M

]M !NH@CN@HBIF!J

2+\0 "- 1-+$**$F+)"* GDO$G$-+ +@"+ H$#"- 1- +@$ ny\0 1- i,"-F$ "-. $EC"-.$. +D /,1+"1- "-. 7E"GC*$? :@$ @)G"- HD.B 10 " A@D*$ 0B0+$G3 2+0 D,#"-0 ",$ -D+ .$W-$. HB +@$G0$*O$0K H)+ HB +@$1,

I)-FLD-03 /)+ ",$ +@$B "** $X)"*v 4DK +@$ @$",+ "-. +@$ H,"1- ",$ GD,$ 1GCD,+"-+ H$F")0$ BD) F"-\+

*1O$ A1+@D)+ +@$G J"-. BD) F"- *1O$ A1+@D)+ " @"-.M3


11/14

!"#$ ''

2- +@$ g2gK "


12/14

!"#$ 'Z

S 8- 1-.1O1.)"* @"0 -D CDA$, +D F@"-#$ D-$ 01#-3

[%?0'(% >%T2)'/2 /- ,02?"0?%4 r9"-#)"#$ "0 " 0B0+$G DI .1Q$,$-F$0s3 :@$ O"*)$ DI $O$,B 01#- 10

.$+$,G1-$. HB D+@$, 01#-0 1- +@"+ 0B0+$G3 >"F@ "-. $O$,B AD,. A$ )0$ 10 U-DA- +D )0 HB 1+0 .1Q$,$-F$

I,DG D+@$, 01#-03 9"-#)"#$ 10 -D+ .$W-$. HB +@$ C,$0$-F$ DI 0DG$+@1-# H)+ HB +@$ *"FU DI " C,$0$-F$

DI 0DG$+@1-#3

./3)'(% >%T2)'/2 /- ,02?"0?%4 9"-#)"#$ "0 " C,DF$00 DI 01#-0 01-F$ A$ .$W-$ A@"+ 1+ 103

c_8: (fR>< i2Y fi !8Yf9>v

:@$B ",$ 1-+$,,$*"+$. "-. 1-+$,.$C$-.$-+3 ;D) F"--D+ @"O$ D-$ A1+@D)+ +@$ D+@$,3

>"F@ "-. $O$,BD-$ DI )0 .D-\+ U-DA +@$ 0B0+$G "0 " A@D*$K 0D A$ 0"B *"-#)"#$ @D*.0 )0 "-. -D+ +@$

D+@$, A"B ",D)-.3


13/14

!"#$ 'a


14/14

!"#$ 'k

A@$- +@$B ",$ H$1-# A"+F@$.3 :@$B 0+",+$. H$@"O1-# "0 1I 0DG$D-$ A$,$ A"+F@1-#

+@$G FD-0+"-+*B3 (,$"+$. .DF1*$ HD.1$03 ;D) .D-\+ -$$. +D FD-+,D* +@$G .1,$F+*BK +@$B

1-+$,-"*1j$ +@$ #"j$ DI +@$ #)",. "-. +@$B .10F1C*1-$ +@$G0$*O$03 c$ DH0$,O$

D),0$*O$0 J$E3 G1,,D,0M3

=)3&/"93%4 D,#"-1j$. "-. D,#"-1j1-# HD.B DI U-DA*$.#$ A1+@ ,)*$0 "-. ,$#)*"LD-0 +@"+ #DO$,-0

C,"FLF$0 A"B DI +@1-U1-#^ .$+$,G1-$0 @DA C$DC*$ "F+ "-. +@1-U3 8 0)HN$F+ 10 "- $Q$F+ "-. " ,$0)*+ DI

.10FD),0$K $O$,B+@1-# +@"+ A$ ",$ 10 " FD-0+,)FLD- G".$ HB .10FD),0$0 H$F")0$ 1+ G$.1"+$0 +@$ AD,*.

"-. D), ,$*"LD- A1+@ $O$,BD-$3 >O$,B .10FD),0$ F,$"+$. 10 1-OD*O1-# C,DF$.),$0 F"**$. riD,G0 DI

$EF*)01D-s3

iD,G0 DI >EF*)01D-

;E3 /1H*$M3 f-$ ID,G DI

$0+"H*10@1-# ")+@D,1+B3 (DGG$-+",B F"- $EF*).$

0DG$D-$ I,DG *1I$ $O$-K 1-F*).$ D, $EF*).$ 1+ I,DG

+@$ .10FD),0$3

QM =)3'2&'/2 #%*X%%2 *6% 37%%&6 /- *6% :0>

02> *6% 302%4 1I BD), 0C$$F@ 10 *"H$*$. "0 G".

+"*UK+@$B ",$ .$,1O$. "0 " ID,G DI +,)+@3

f-F$ BD) G"U$ .10L-FLD- H$+A$$- G". "-.

0"-$K BD) $EF*).$ F$,+"1- 0+"+$G$-+0 "-. BD)

$0+"H*10@ +@$1, +,)+@3

QM N6% 0"*6/94 4D+ +@$ "F+)"* C$,0D- A@D A,D+$

+@$ AD,U3 r8- D,#"-1j1-# C,1-F1C*$ DI +$E+s3 :@$

")+@D, I)-FLD-3 :@$ C$,0D- @1G0$*I 10 -D+

1GCD,+"-+K @DA A$ )0$ +@"+ -"G$ 1- D,.$, +D

)-.$,0+"-. ,$*"LD-0@1C0 H$+A$$- +@$ +$E+0 +@"+

@$ A,D+$3 c$ F"- $EF*).$ D, 1-F*).$ F$,+"1- +$E+0

1- ,$*"LD- +D +@$ ")+@D,\0 -"G$3

bM Y),, */ *9"*6^>)()3)/2 #%*X%%2 *9"*6 02> -0,3%4

+@$ A1** +D U-DA +@$ +,)+@ 10 -D+ "- 1-0L-F+ D,

0DG$+@1-# +@"+ .$W-$0 D), @)G"-1+B3 Y1+)"* "-.

1.$-L+B DI +@$ 0C$"U$,3 :,)+@ F"- H$ U-DA- "-.

+D*. HB 0DG$D-$ A@D 10 $-L+*$. +D +$** 1+ "-.

0DG$ 0D,+ DI ,1+)"* +D ID**DA3 ;D) @"O$ +D $0+"H*10@

A@"+ FD)-+0 "0 +,)+@I)*3

bM =)3&)7,)2%34 8,$"0 DI U-DA*$.#$K 0DF1D*D#B "-.

@10+D,B3 2- "-F1$-+ #,$$UK 1I BD) A$,$ " 0+).$-+ DI

C@1*D0DC@BK 1+ G$"-+ +@"+ BD) *$",-$. $O$,B+@1-# T

0F1$-F$K C@B01F0 "-. G$+"TC@B01F0s3 R$+" C@B01F0

G$"-0 A@"+ FDG$0 "m$, C@B01F03 :@$ D,.$, DI

*$",-1-#3 2- D), LG$0K " .1O101D- DI .10F1C*1-$0

0$C","LD- H$+A$$- .10F1C*1-$03 >"F@ .10F1C*1-$

$EF*).$0 D, 1-F*).$0 F$,+"1- U-DA*$.#$03

cM H09%-0&'/2 /- *6% 37%0R)2? 3"#$%&'2?4

5$+$,G1-$0 A@D 10 "**DA$. +D 0C$"UK A@$,$ "-.

A@$-3 c@D @"0 +@$ ")+@D,1+B +D .D 1+3

culture and business

Documents