cscw – module 7 – page 1 p. dillenbourg & n. nova module 7 : shared workspaces

CSCW – Module 7 – P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova

Module 7 :

Shared Workspaces


Collaboration ProcessCollaboration ProcessGroupwareGroupware

informal

formal

Workflows

Bureaucratic processes

Collaborative problem solving

Video-conferencing

Synchronous Text Communication

Conversation

Shared Context

Shared Space

?

Audio-conferencing

Tangibles, RoomWare


informal

formal

Workflows Bureaucratic processes


Video-conferencing


Conversation

Shared Context

Shared Space

?

Audio-conferencing

METHODS

What do we observe?

• division of labor

• quality of interactions

• grounding

• task performance

• user satisfaction

How do we analyze ?

• Visualization (D1)

• Inferential statistics (D2)

• Qualitative analysis (D3)

METHODS

What do we observe?

• division of labor

• quality of interactions

• grounding

• task performance

• user satisfaction

How do we analyze ?

• Visualization (D1)

• Inferential statistics (D2)

• Qualitative analysis (D3)

DESIGNDESIGN



informal

formal


Shared Workspaces

• Text editors

• Concept map

• Workspaces

• File Repositories



informal

formal

Explicit regulation of the control


Turn Taking

FirstCome,FirstServed: Temp. Object locking mechanisms

Project Managment

Conversation

Application

Object

Granularity

Flexibility


informal

formal


Turn Taking

Coordination

AWARENESS Tools

Spatial Metaphor

Private / public

Mutual Modelling

Rights

User Administration


Task Space

Reflection Space Discussion Space


informal

formal


Grouding

Deictics

Explain

Shared Task

Representation

CHAT

Explain

Audio

Acknowledge

Acknowledge


> " Hi colleague

> ' Where are you?

> ask MS about last night

> look gun

> ask MS about last gun

> read insurance

> read all from DN2

> read Hans from DN2

> compare DN1 with DN2

MOO Whiteboard

> " skjhkjh

dfsdfsf

> ask Helmut about last night

> ask MS about mona

> look painting

> read all from DN1



MOO Whiteboard

20 pairs


Restaurant

Kitchen

Private

Bar

Room5 Room6 Room7 Room8

Room1 Room2 Room3 Room4

Lobby Entrance

MLVMLVLisa JonesClaire & Rolf

Loretan

Colonel Von Schneider

Lucie Salève Heidi Zeller

Hans Wenger

Marie Salève

Oscar Salève

Jacques Salève

Giuzeppe Vesuvio

Ski jacketSki jacket

GunGun

PaintingPainting

InsuranceInsurance

NoteNote

Gun OylsterGun Oylster

PhoneLogPhoneLog

RegistryRegistry

WHO KILLED MONA-LISA?WHO KILLED MONA-LISA?


MOOAuberge Guest Room: 4You enter a largue blue room with a small window. You see Helmut, Ski Jacket, and Gun here.Obvious Exits: Out (to Lower Corridor).> look gunYou see an old Swiss army pistol.> ask helmut about last nightI stayed at the bar until 9 Pm and then went to bed.> page sherlock Interesting isn't? Sherlock has received your page.He pages « He lies ».Sherlock joins you.


??How does the whiteboard help to

• ground utterances

• share solutions


Whiteboard roles:

• envisionning solutions

• grouding utterances

• explanatory schema

• deictics

• shared memory

• regulation

> " skjhkjh

dfsdfsf

> ask Helmut about last night

> ask MS about mona

> look painting

> read all from DN1



MOO Whiteboard


The whiteboard is the central space

for sharing information

(in this task)


Communication8% Facts

14%

Inferences41%

Management33%

Technical4%

Communication8% Facts

14%

Inferences41%

Management33%

Technical4%

Communication1%

Facts49%Inferences

41%

Management9%

Communication1%

Facts49%Inferences

41%

Management9%

Persistent Non-Persistent

Persistent

Non Persistent

Display

Kn

owle

dge

Whiteboard

MOO dialogues


informal

formal



Video-conferencing


Shared UnderstandingShared Understanding

Shared Context

Shared Task Shared Task RepresentationRepresentation

?

Audio-conferencing



0.37

0.06

0.50

0.38

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

Talk Whiteboard

Facts

Inferences

Rat

e of

ack

now

ledg

men

t


Levels of GroundingIf agent A wants to communicate information X to agent B, A may get different

information/feedback about the extent to which B shares X:

(Level 1) Access:A can infer that B can (not) access X

For instance, in a virtual space, if A knows that B is in room 7 and that information X is available in room 7, then A knows that B can access X. If A knows that X is only available in Room 8, and B is not in room 8, A knows B can’t access X.

(Level 2) PerceptionA can infer that B has (not) perceived X

For instance, if A writes a note on the whiteboard and B moves that note, A can infer that B has seen it (and probably read it). Lack of perception is harder to infer, except for cases of lack of access or behaviour that is inconsistent with understanding, when understanding is simple given perception.

(Level 3) UnderstandingA can infer that B has (mis-)understood X

For instance, in a virtual space, if A says "let's ask him a few questions" and B moves to the room where "him" is located, then A can infer that B knows who has been referred to as 'him'. If B goes to the wrong room, or asks for repair, A can infer misunderstanding or lack of understanding.

(level 4) AgreementA can infer that B (dis-)agrees on X.

For instance, if A proposes B goes to room 7 and B goes there, A can infer that B agrees. If A writes a note on the whiteboard and B draws a red cross on the top this note[1], A can infer that B disagrees.

Dillenbourg & Tramn


Deg

ree

of s

hare

dnes

s

Acces

Visibility

Understanding

Agreement

Fact

s in

whi

tebo

ard

Fact

s in

talk

Infe

renc

es in

talk

Infe

renc

es in

whi

tebo

ard

0.37

0.06

0.50

0.38

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

Talk Whiteboard

Facts

Inferences

Rat

e of

ack

now

ledg

men

t


Grounding varies according to Grounding varies according to

-The mediumThe medium

- The role of this piece of The role of this piece of information in problem solvinginformation in problem solving


informal

formal



Video-conferencing


Shared UnderstandingShared Understanding

Shared Context

Shared Task Shared Task RepresentationRepresentation

?

Audio-conferencing

Intensive and Specifc

Grounding

Mechanisms

Intensive and Specifc

Grounding

Mechanisms


cscw – module 7 – page 1 p. dillenbourg & n. nova module 7 : shared workspaces

Documents

nova module

gun r cscw module

night look gun

dn1 moo whiteboard

pairs slide

roomware slide

gun r title

audioconferencing methods