cryoablation minimally-invasive, non-surgical treatment for kidney cancer the johns hopkins hospital
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Cryoablation
Minimally-Invasive, Non-Surgical Treatment
for Kidney Cancer
The Johns Hopkins Hospital
Kidney CancerKidney Cancer
• 52000 new cases per year in the USA
• 75% are incidentally discovered when patients are examined for other reasons.
Because of utilization of Cat scans, Ultrasounds and MRIs by Radiologists
• This Incidental detection results in improved long term survival/cure rate because many
caught early- now70% (40% in 1960’s)
Kidney Cancer in the USKidney Cancer in the US
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
1950 2000 2003 2007
Ne
w c
as
es
pe
r y
ea
r 52000
• Treatment options
– Removal of whole kidney– Removal of tumor and surrounding part of
kidney– Open surgery vs laparoscopic surgery or
ablation
–Percutaneous ablation
Percutaneous CryoablationPercutaneous Cryoablation
1. A thin, needle-like, probe is directed from the skin into the tumor
NO INCISION or SURGERYUnder direct visualization using a CAT scan or
Ultrasound2. The probe freezes the tumor to lethal sub-zero
temperatures3. Probe is thawed and removed4. Under minimal sedation
NO GENERAL ANESTHESIA
Size of Kidney Cancers Treated with Size of Kidney Cancers Treated with CryoablationCryoablation
0
5
10
15
20
25
Num
ber of
pat
ient
s
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Size of cancer (centimeters)
1-year <1-year
0102030405060708090
100
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Cancer Size (centimeters)
Percent of kidney cancers completely treated(Success rate)
1-year follow up< 1-year follow up
What happens to the Cancer after treatment?What happens to the Cancer after treatment?
0
0.5
11.5
2
2.5
33.5
4
Size
(cm
)
0 3 6 9 12 months
Before After
Minimally-Invasive Cryoablation for Kidney CancerMinimally-Invasive Cryoablation for Kidney Cancer
• Cryoablation can be a curative treatment option for patients with kidney cancer 4 cm or less-success rate is 97%
* Even patients with larger tumors can benefit from this procedure especially those who cannot have general anesthesia or surgery
* Half of patients go home same day, the rest after one night’s stay