crwr-prepro stream and watershed delineation francisco olivera, ph.d. center for research in water...

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CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) Water Resources Modeling Using GIS 2000 - Austin, Texas

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What is HEC-HMS? zHEC-HMS “is a new generation software for precipitation-runoff simulation that supersedes the HEC-1 Flood Hydrograph Package.” (HEC-HMS User’s Manual) zHEC-HMS is a Windows version of HEC-1.

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Page 1: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

CRWR-PreProStream and Watershed Delineation

Francisco Olivera, Ph.D.Center for Research in Water Resources

University of Texas at Austin

Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT)Water Resources Modeling Using GIS2000 - Austin, Texas

Page 2: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

What is CRWR-PrePro?

Digital Spatial Data

Data for HEC-HMS Input Components

(Not all HMS options are included yet)

CRWR-PrePro

CRWR-PrePro is an ArcView pre-processor of digital spatial data for the HEC’s Hydrologic Modeling System (HMS)

Page 3: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

What is HEC-HMS?

HEC-HMS “is a new generation software for precipitation-runoff simulation that supersedes the HEC-1 Flood Hydrograph Package.” (HEC-HMS User’s Manual)

HEC-HMS is a Windows version of HEC-1.

Page 4: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

What is HEC-HMS?

ControlDefinition of the

analysis time window.

Precipitation

Definition of rainfall data in

time and space.

BasinDefinition of the

hydrologic elements.

HEC-HMSSimulation

Hydrographs

Page 5: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Stream-Watershed Delineation

Terrain Analysis

Stream-Watershed Delineation

Page 6: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Terrain Analysis

Burn-In Streams[Grid]

Fill Sinks[Grid]

Flow Direction[Grid]

Flow Accumulation[Grid]

DEM[Grid]

DigitizedStream Network

[Line Coverage]

Page 7: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Terrain Analysis71

56

445369

74

78 72 69

4768

58 55

21

31

67

58

49 46

37 38

64 22

61 16

Digital elevation model (DEM)

22

2 2 2

2

4 4

4 4

1 1 2 4 8

128

128 1 2 4

128 1 41

128

Flow direction grid Flow accumulation grid

0 0 0 0 0

0 1 1 2 1

0

0

0 0 0

3 8 5 2

1 1 20 0

1 24

Stream Network

Flow direction codes

1

248

16

32 64 128Hydrologic functions

Page 8: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Terrain Analysis

DEM and digitized reach network

Page 9: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Terrain Analysis

45

44

38 34

40

45 50

60 58

31

30

53 50

45

32

22 DEM creek

45

44

38 34

40

45 50

60 58

31

30

53 50

45

32

22 Digitized creek

38 34

30

22

Digitized creek

145

144

138 134

140

145 150

160

158

131

130

153 150

145

132

122

Raised DEM

145

144

38 34

140

145 150

160

158

131

30

153 150

145

132

22 Burned-in DEM

Burning-in streams

Page 10: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Terrain Analysis

Burned-in DEM

Elevation is increased by a fixed value in all cells, except for those that coincide with the digitized reach network.

Page 11: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Terrain Analysis

Flow direction

Water flows to one of the eight neighbor cells, according to the direction of the steepest descent.

Page 12: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Terrain Analysis

Flow accumulation

Measure of the drainage area in units of grid cells.

Page 13: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Stream-Watershed Delineation

Stream NetworkDefinition

Watershed Delineation

Watershed OutletDefinition

Raster to VectorConversion

Page 14: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Stream Network Definition

AutomaticCells draining more area

than a user-defined threshold value.

InteractiveCells located downstream of

user-identified cells.

Stream Network[Grid]

Page 15: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Sub-Basins and Reach Network

Reach network.

Grid cells draining more than a user-defined threshold value (blue streams), or located downstream of user-defined cells (red streams) are part of the reach network.

Page 16: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Sub-Basins and Reach Network

Reach segmentation.

Reach segments (links) are the sections of a reach channel connecting two successive junctions, a junction and an outlet, or a headwater and a junction.

Page 17: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Watershed Outlet Definition

AutomaticMost downstream cells of

the stream segments

InteractiveUser-identified cells

[outlets, reservoirs, control points, etc.]

Watershed Outlets[Grid]

Page 18: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Sub-Basins and Reach Network

Watershed outlets.

The most downstream cells of the reach segments (brown cells), and user-defined cells (red dots) are potential sub-basin outlets.

Page 19: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Sub-Basins and Reach Network

Modified reach segmentation.

The user-defined outlets modify the reach segmentation by splitting the segments in which they are located.

Page 20: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Watershed Delineation

Watershed Delineation

Watershed Outlets

Page 21: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Sub-Basins and Reach Network

Sub-basin delineation.

The drainage area of each sub-basin outlet is delineated.

Page 22: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Vectorization

Streams and watersheds are converted from raster to vector format.

Page 23: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Merging Polygons and Watersheds

WatershedVectorization

StreamVectorization

MergingWatersheds

Dissolving SpuriousPolygons

Page 24: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Merging Spurious Polygons

Cells connected to the main watershed polygon through a corner are defined as a separate polygon (spurious polygon).

These polygons are dissolved into the main polygon.

Page 25: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Merging Watersheds Adjacent watershed polygons can be merged into a single

polygon, if they share the outlet or one flows into the other.

Page 26: CRWR-PrePro Stream and Watershed Delineation Francisco Olivera, Ph.D. Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin Texas Department

Merging Watersheds

After merging sub-basin polygons, the attribute tables are modified so that the watershed code (WshCode) of the reaches and the area of the new sub-basin are updated.