crime prevention & combating

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CRIME PREVENTION & CRIME PREVENTION & COMBATINGCOMBATING

Community Policing : The Community Policing : The Philosophy of Partnerships for Philosophy of Partnerships for

better policingbetter policing

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Crime Prevention & CombatingCrime Prevention & Combating

National Security:Constitutional Principle:

• “National security must reflect the resolve of South Africans, as individuals and as a nation, to live as equals, to live in peace and harmony, to be free from fear and want and to seek a better life.”

[Chapter 11, Sec 198(a)]

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Crime Prevention & Combating CtdCrime Prevention & Combating Ctd

National Security:Role Players:a) Government:

National;Provincial;Local

Vehicle: Law Enforcement Agencies

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Guiding Principle:“All governments have the duty to provide a

minimum of community safety and personal security. (They) do this through the policing service they provide. The citizens are the consumers of this service and have a right to demand that the quality of this service meets their satisfaction.”

- ANC Policy Document, 1992

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National Security:b) Communities:

Community & Faith Based Organisations;Labour Movement;Business Sector;Non-Governmental Organisations

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Peace & Stability:Cornerstone of Government Vision: Seeks to create a better life on basis of:

Equality;Justice;Security;Development; Prosperity

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Community Policing:“Community policing has now been recognised as

more effective because it understands that it is not the police alone who combat and prevent crime. It is the community who are largely responsible for criminal prosecutions. They lay charges, make statements, testify in court, and assist the police in the performance of their functions. Without this cooperation no police force can discharge its duties.”

-ANC Policy Document, 1992

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Community Policing Contd:“Community policing is … ‘geographic

policing’ where police … have a 24-hour responsibility for policing ‘their’ locality. Often (it) means ‘maximal policing’ (because it is) a greater responsibility … than mere crime-fighting. Indeed, police are expected to support overall community well-being and residents’ quality of life.” – Understanding Policing, by Anneke Osse, 2006, Amnesty International

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DIAGRAM “A”

Community Policing

CommunitySAPS

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DIAGRAM “B”

Present Situation

Community

SAPS

CPF

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DIAGRAM “C”

Future

CommunitySAPS

CPF

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Community Policing:Policing Priorities;Co-ownership of Policing Programme;Reciprocal Control;Performance Assessment;Accountability

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New Vision:Cabinet Clusters:

Established in 1999 for Joint Planning & Coordination

Security Cluster:Justice Crime Prevention & Security

Security Sector Ministries:Corrections, Defence, Home Affairs, Intelligence,

Justice, Safety & Security

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New Vision:Criminal Justice System:

Integrated for maximum effect Unbroken link between Safety & Security

(Investigations & Arrests), Justice (Prosecutions & Convictions), Correctional Services (Detention & Rehabilitation)

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Conditions for Peace & Stability including:“Social mobilisation against crime and how to

make the CPFs more effective and reflective of the entire Integrated Criminal Justice System.”

- Resolutions of ANC National Conference, Stellenbosch, 2002

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Community Policing Fora relate to one part only of Criminal Justice System

Expanding them to cover the entire Integrated Criminal Justice System presupposes changes to name, tasks & law

However, no reinvention of the wheel

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Pronouncements:• “Government will play its part to ensure that …

partnerships actually work, and that we all act together to discharge the responsibility to protect our citizens.” – President, February 9, 2007 State of the Nation Address

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Pronouncements:• “Our government recognises the seriousness of the crime

situation and will continue to provide leadership in the fight against crime. But, effective crime fighting depends on partnerships between our law enforcement agencies and communities. Through community police forums, all citizens have the opportunity to contribute towards making their communities safer.” Minister of Finance, Budget Day, February 21, 2007

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Community Safety Fora best to cover Integrated Justice System

CPFs be reconfigured to become CSFs

THEREFORE RESOLVES: “16. To legislate for the establishment of the

Community Safety Forums.”

- ANC National Conference Resolutions, Stellenbosch, 2002

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Community Safety Fora:Functions: Police:

Help root the police among the people through confidence-building programmes

Arrange regular community-police meetings, for the police to give reports on policing matters

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Community Safety Fora:Functions (Contd): Police (Contd):

Help citizens to enjoy easy access to the police to report crimes & criminality

Help design anti-crime campaigns

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Community Safety Fora:Functions (Contd): Justice:

Help communities to use the system of justice to access all their rights

Empower citizens, through workshops and seminars, to understand the Constitution and laws that impact on their lives

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Community Safety Fora:Functions (Contd): Justice (Contd):

Ensure that victim empowerment and support programmes are adopted and are run effectively to address victims’ traumatic experiences

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Crime Prevention & Crime Prevention & CombatingCombating Ctd Ctd

Community Safety Fora: Corrections:

Ensure the rehabilitation programme of the Department of Correctional Services continues to run even after the release of the offender for further assistance

Help reintegrate former offenders into the social life of their communities and economies therein

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Community Safety Fora: Corrections (Contd):

Identify facilities to be converted into secure places of safety for children in conflict with the law and women who are in prison for petty offences

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Bill of Rights:Freedom of movement and residence: Chapter 2, Section21:

(1) Everyone has the right to freedom of movement

(2) Everyone has the right to leave the Republic

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(3) Every citizen has the right to enter, to remain in and to reside anywhere in the Republic

(4) Every citizen has the right to a passport

The foregoing rights have been usurped by criminals

Legalising documents have been obtained through fraud & corruption

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Crime Crime PreventionPrevention & Combating Ctd & Combating Ctd

Community Safety Fora:Functions: Home Affairs:

Monitor the activities of Home Affairs officialsAssist members of the public to access easily

Home Affairs services

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Community Safety Fora:Functions (Contd): Home Affairs (Contd):

Ensure all citizens have the necessary documentation to access government services at all levels

Help municipalities to establish immigration help points for better migration control

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Community Policing Fora: CPFs continue to exist as seed whence

CSFs will germinate CPFs/CSFs linked to communities, police

and government CPFs/CSFs to exist Nationally,

Provincially and at Local level

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Community Policing Fora: Members of CPFs/CSFs to be elected by

communities at public meetings on the basis of defined regulations

The best candidates to be elected on the basis of merit only

Candidates to be resident in the CPF area CPFs/CSFs to be funded by government

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Interlinkages:CPFs/CSFs – Communities: CPFs/CSFs to:

Establish dynamic relationship with communities on basis of regular and consistent interface,

Identify in communities committed energetic citizens to work with police as reservists or volunteers

3333


Interlinkages (Contd): CPFs/CSFs – Municipalities:

Link up with the Chief Executive Officer of a municipality who is responsible for policing matters in the relevant municipality, in terms of Chapter 12, Sec 64B of the South African Police Act

Submit proposals to the relevant municipality through the Chief Executive Officer for office space and other relevant services

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Convene regular report-back meetings to brief communities on all policy questions in the concerned areas

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WAY FORWARD Immediate Measures: CPFs to:

Convene urgently community meetings and report on the exercise to redefine their work and character

Stress at such meetings necessity democratically to establish the CPFs

Arrange, in collaboration with the Secretariats for Safety and Security, meetings with municipalities & provinces

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Immediate Measures (Contd):Get meetings to discuss the resourcing of CPFsSit with police & define policing priorities

Secretariats to:Ensure CPFs are properly resettled & empowered

to do their workLink up CPFs to the MECs’ offices and help with

questions of policy and the law

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Immediate Measrures (Contd): Legislation:

Accelerate processes to change the law to accommodate the new arrangement

Changes to the municipality laws to include matters to do with:

– Municipal (Metro) Police as an integral part of SAPS– CPFs as a community structure to deal with policing

matters in the given municipal areas

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Immediate Measures (Contd): Legislation (Contd):

Changes to the SAPS Act to help align the legislation to the stipulations at Sections 199 & 205 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act namely that:

• There shall be “a single police service” (Sec 199)• “The national police service must be structured to

function in the national, provincial and, where appropriate, local spheres of government” (Sec 205)

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Conclusion:The redesign of the CPFs is one part of the

mobilisation of communities to play a direct role in crime prevention and combating

It does not absolve the State from its responsibility of providing security to all citizens

Better community-police relations are crucial in the fight against crime

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CPFs are a key element in fostering good community-police relations and well-organised and appropriately resourced CPFs will best achieve improved relations between the police and the policed

CPFs and other relevant legal structures should not wait for changes to the law but should effect the necessary steps to a better future

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CPFs/CSFs: Catalysts for better Community-Police Relations:

Scenarios:Establishment & Upkeep:

• Community convenes public meeting & establishes CPF/CSF

• Members are elected to serve on CPF/CSF• Municipality avails office space for CPF/CSF• Secretariat for Safety & Security invokes

democratic best practice to conduct elections

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CPFs/CSFs: Catalysts for better Community-Police Relations (Contd):

Scenarios (Contd):• Municipality pays for water, electricity & other

services• MEC responsible for community safety & security

pays stipends & allowances

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Scenarios (Contd):CPFs/CSFs & Law Eforcement:

• SAPS installs at offices communication means for crime prevention & combating

• CPFs/CSFs agree with police on policing priorities & use those to assess & evaluate police performance

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Scenarios (Contd):CPFs/CSFs & Law Enforcement (Contd):

• Communities identify suitable candidates to be recruited into police reservist ranks, on basis of trustworthiness & commitment;

• Police train reservists in basic policing work;• Reservists to work alongside police in patrols,

roadblocks & cordon & search operations

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Scenarios (Contd):CPFsCSFs & Communities:

• CPFs/CSFs help root police in communities• CPFs/CSFs convene meetings regularly (Bi-

monthly/Quarterly) to report back to communities• Police give at such meetings reports on crime

trends, successes &I weaknesses

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Scenarios (Contd):CPFs/CSFs & Communities (Contd):

• CPFs/CSFs discuss & agree with communities on anti-crime campaigns to be mounted in the communities

• CPFs/CSFs mobilise people with relevant skills in community to offer services as volunteers

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crime prevention & combating

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