&Eko Nugroho & Adieb Aryasepta Haryadi

CreativeResearch

Through Modern Board Game

Learning

Presented at the Triple Helix 10th International Conference

INTRODUCTION

- Jane McGonigal, Reality is Broken

Definition of game:

Any activities or media that share the following four defining traits: 1) a goal, 2) rules, 3) a feedback system, and 4) voluntary participation.

What GAME Really is?

BOARD GAME THE OLDEST FORM OF COMPLEX GAMES

the use of board game by ancient people: 1. as a form of recreation 2. a profound ritual 3. the ability to play board games well is regarded as

a sign of intelligence and learning

Get to Know

ancient board games like Senet, Mancala, and Go are invented and played since

3000 BC

MONOPOLY In 1903, Elizabeth Magie invented Landlord

Game. Through the game, she intended to show that rents enriched property owners and

impoverished tenants. The game now is known as Monopoly.

MODERN BOARD GAME

between 1982 and 1994 the Europe (especially German) game market experienced strong and rapid growth

1903 Landlord Game is invented

1930

Monopoly is published

1949 Cluedo is published

1979

Spiel des Jahres

is launched

1983 the first

Essen Games Fair is held

1995

The Settlers of Catan is published

Board Game as

LEARNING & RESEARCH TOOLS

At first, games and board games were studied from a historical perspective.

In 1944, Von Neumann and Morgenstern provided a basis for using games and board

games in the computer sciences and economics, such as in the field of game theory.

Research on board games accelerated with research on Chess, which has proved fundamental in the cognitive sciences.

Board Game as

LEARNING & RESEARCH TOOLS

In 1944, Von Neumann and Morgenstern provided a basis for using games and board

games in the computer sciences and economics, such as in the field of game theory.

1. The opportunity to present a simplified models of real life problems 2. Tried-and-tested methods to compare strengths of different players,

different situations, and different parameters, thus the data can be used as a sample to compare and understand different approach to problems

3. High level of interactivity

WHY?

Board game plays important role in learning and research processes because its simplicity in design process and its high interactivity.

of Modern Board Game

THEME

ELEMENTS

GAMEPLAY

ARTWORK

The theme presented can be seen as the information that the game wants to deliver to the players, while in some

situations it can just be a “makeup” to make the game more interesting.

It helps to deliver a motivation to play.

THEME

In 2010, we have done small project of designing a board game called Simpang Dago.

The majority respond is that people tend to be more aware about the culinary aspect in Simpang Dago. The project highlighted one of potential use of theme to deliver new information effectively.

THEME SIMPANG DAGO

It has the ability to enhance the players’ experience during the game.

It is the interface of the game.

ARTWORK

It is easier to call it the game mechanics, or in a vague sense, what the players do during the game.

GAMEPLAY

“The essential play activity players perform again and again in a game” Salen and Zimmerman in Rules of Play: Game Design Fundamentals

Dice Rolling

Route/Network Building

Worker Placement

TYPES of GAME MECHANICS

Acting

Action Point Allowance System Area Control/Area Influence

Area Enclosure

Area Movement

Area-Impulse Auction/Bidding

Betting/Wagering

Campaign/Battle Card Driven

Card Drafting

Chit-Pull System

Co-operative Play

Commodity Speculation

Crayon Rail System

Deck/Pool Building

Hand Management

Hex-and-Counter

Line Drawing Memory

Modular Board Paper-and-Pencil

Partnerships

Pattern Building

Pattern Recognition Pick-up and Deliver

Point to Point Movement

Press Your Luck

Rock-Paper-Scissors Role Playing

Roll/Spin and Move

Secret Unit Deployment

Set Collection

Simulation

Simultaneous Action Selection

Singing

Stock Holding

Storytelling

Tile Placement

Time Track

Trading

Trick-taking

Variable Phase Order

Variable Player Powers

Voting

Play, Learn, Research &

Photo: happenchance.net

“We don’t stop playing because we grow old, we grow old because we stop playing.”

George Bernard Shaw

Photo: smithery.co

“Combinatory play seems to be the essential feature in productive thought. “ Albert Einstein

Photo: play-basedclassroom.blogspot.com

“We don’t grow into creativity. We grow out of it, rather, we get educated out of it.”

Sir Ken Robinson

motivation curiousity

challenge

In the seminal work Man, Play, and Games, the sociologist Roger Caillois described all forms of play,

including games, as being positioned on an axis between two extreme points: Ludus and Paidia.

Paidia “a primary power of

improvisation and joy”

LUDUS & PAIDIA

Ludus “a taste for gratuitous difficulty”

Ludus

Pai

dia

Learning is the ability to absorb new information through our senses, then process and store the useful bits to be used in future.

Reinforcement Learning: the agent is not taught how to behave, rather it has a “free choice” in how to behave.

Being able to design a game that support the paidic play is indeed one important condition for our purpose because it provide an environment for

players to explore their options in the game with the most flexibility.

The situation in which players have the most flexibility of exploring their options and to implement reinforcement learning by their own choice is the

optimal situation in any learning and research environment.

Supervised Learning: the agent is taught how to respond to

given situation

LEARNING & RESEARCH

Optimizing

Board Game to Enhance

Creative Learning & Research Processes

•Board game has the ability to present a simplified models of real life problems.

•Board game offers tried-and-tested methods to compare strengths of different players, different situations, and different parameters, thus the data can be used as a sample to compare and understand different approach to problems.

•Board game provides high level interactivity which is necessary to transform any data collecting process to be fun and enjoyable.

•By optimizing three major elements in board game: theme, gameplay, and artwork, board game can be transformed into an effective learning and research tools.

•Because board game is relatively simple to design and cheap to produce, its usage to enhance the effectivity of learning and research processes in developing country may be an interesting option.

CONCLUSION

Thank You

Eko Nugroho His research interests are in the areas of

game theory, game design, and interactive learning process.

enugroho@gmail.com Follow @eNugroho

Adieb A. Haryadi His interests are game design, system design, and media.

adiebharyadi@gmail.com Follow @adiebharyadi

presentation design by @riocino