creating a national evidence base for health communication & informatics
DESCRIPTION
Creating a National Evidence Base for Health Communication & Informatics. HINTS Data Users Meeting January 20-21, 2005. History and Vision. The Way it Has Often Been …. But Stakes are High. The Cancer Process. Lethal Phenotype. Cancer Burden. Evolution/ Progression. Death Due to Cancer. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Creating a National Evidence Base for Health Communication &Informatics
HINTS Data Users Meeting
January 20-21, 2005
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History and Vision
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The Way it Has Often Been …
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But Stakes are High
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Natural Death
Natural DeathBirthBirth
SusceptibilityPre-initiation
Malignant Transformation
Evolution/Progression
Lethal Phenotype
Life Span
Death Due to Cancer
Cancer Burden
The Cancer Process
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Natural Death
Natural DeathBirthBirth Life Span
Death Due to Cancer
Avert or Delay its Onset
Detect and Eradicate its
Presence
Control its Behavior
2004 2015
Opportunities for Intervention
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Natural Death
Natural DeathBirthBirth Life Span
2004 2015
Avert or Delay its Onset
Detect and Eradicate its
Presence
Control its Behavior
•Diet/Exercise•Risk Reduction•Risk Identification
•Early Detection•Informational Control•Informed Rx Decision•Access to Treatment
•Preventing Metastasis•Maintenance (Chronic)•Chemoprevention
Opportunities for Communication
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Traditional Channels
Natural Death
Natural DeathBirthBirth Life Span
Avert or Delay its Onset Mass Media
Population “Targeting”Community Intervention
•Diet/Exercise•Risk Reduction•Risk Identification
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Amplifying Capacity
Natural Death
Natural DeathBirthBirth Life Span
Avert or Delay its Onset
•Diet/Exercise•Risk Reduction•Risk Identification
• “Psychographic” push• Message tailoring• Personal health technologies• Genomic risk assessment
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Traditional Channels
Natural Death
Natural DeathBirthBirth Life Span
Avert or Delay its Onset
•Diet/Exercise•Risk Reduction•Risk Identification
Detect and Eradicate its
Presence
•Early Detection•Informational Control•Informed Rx Decision•Access to Treatment
Breast Cancer Awareness
Awareness CampaignsPatient Provider Interaction
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Amplifying Capacity
Natural Death
Natural DeathBirthBirth Life Span
Avert or Delay its Onset
•Diet/Exercise•Risk Reduction•Risk Identification
Detect and Eradicate its
Presence
•Early Detection•Informational Control•Informed Rx Decision•Access to Treatment
•Online resources•Personal health record•Access to care
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Traditional Channels
Natural Death
Natural DeathBirthBirth Life Span
Avert or Delay its Onset
•Diet/Exercise•Risk Reduction•Risk Identification
Detect and Eradicate its
Presence
•Early Detection•Informational Control•Informed Rx Decision•Access to Treatment
•Preventing Metastasis•Maintenance (Chronic)•Chemoprevention
Control its Behavior
Paper-BasedMedical Records
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Amplifying Capacity
Natural Death
Natural DeathBirthBirth Life Span
Avert or Delay its Onset
•Diet/Exercise•Risk Reduction•Risk Identification
Detect and Eradicate its
Presence
•Early Detection•Informational Control•Informed Rx Decision•Access to Treatment
•Preventing Metastasis•Maintenance (Chronic)•Chemoprevention
Control its Behavior
•Electronic Medical Records•Personal Monitoring
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Experts Recommend National Surveillance Program
• To monitor changes in health information environment over time
• To explore usage across channels and sources nationally
• To combine channel usage with knowledge, attitudes, behaviors
• To build an evidence base for planners, administrators, communicators, practitioners, and policy makers
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HINTS I: Construction & Operations
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Measure Knowledge, Attitudes, Behavior
Natural Death
Natural DeathBirthBirth Life Span
2004 2015
Avert or Delay its Onset
Detect and Eradicate its
Presence
Control its Behavior
•Diet/Exercise•Risk Reduction•Risk Identification
•Early Detection•Informational Control•Informed Rx Decision•Access to Treatment
•Preventing Metastasis•Maintenance (Chronic)•Chemoprevention
Natural Death
Natural DeathBirthBirth Life Span
2004 2015
Avert or Delay its Onset
Detect and Eradicate its
Presence
Control its Behavior
•Diet/Exercise•Risk Reduction•Risk Identification
•Early Detection•Informational Control•Informed Rx Decision•Access to Treatment
•Preventing Metastasis•Maintenance (Chronic)•Chemoprevention
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Natural Death
Natural DeathBirthBirth Life Span
2004 2015
Avert or Delay its Onset
Detect and Eradicate its
Presence
Control its Behavior
•Diet/Exercise•Risk Reduction•Risk Identification
•Early Detection•Informational Control•Informed Rx Decision•Access to Treatment
•Preventing Metastasis•Maintenance (Chronic)•Chemoprevention
Natural Death
Natural DeathBirthBirth Life Span
2004 2015
Avert or Delay its Onset
Detect and Eradicate its
Presence
Control its Behavior
•Diet/Exercise•Risk Reduction•Risk Identification
•Early Detection•Informational Control•Informed Rx Decision•Access to Treatment
•Preventing Metastasis•Maintenance (Chronic)•Chemoprevention
Marker ItemsFrom Other
National Surveys
Measure Knowledge, Attitudes, Behavior
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Measure Attributes of New Media
• Demassified• Decentralized• Interactive• Adaptable• Connected
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Expand Framework to Accommodate New Media Attributes
PerceivedInformation
Need?
New Knowledge,Attitudes, and Beliefs
HealthBehaviors
Channel Characteristics
Seek Information
Factors influencing choice• Anonymity• Interactivity• Timeliness• Clarity• Credibility• Content• Cost
Channel attributes (affordances) 3
• Accessibility• Availability (e.g., 7 X 24)• Bandwidth• Responsivity • Directionality
Stage 1: Build Awareness Stage 2: Support Information Seeking
Select Channel for Obtaining Information
• Formal Sources (e.g., family doctor)
• Commercial Sources (e.g.,TV, newspapers)
• Informal Sources (e.g., friends and relatives)
Cancer knowledge• Personal risk• Preventability• Relative prevalence• Desire to change/barriers to change• Myths and misinformation• Specific cancer knowledge
Attitudes toward• Channel (channel attributes)• Personal ability (self-efficacy)• Prevention/treatment (response-efficacy)• Sources (comparative preference)
Personal characteristics• Age• Gender• SES• Family history• Education• Cultural background• Language(s) spoken• Environmental exposure• General health• Direct experience with cancer• Motivation to change
Structural Characteristics4
“Awareness”Communication
Person Characteristics
Desire to Change(Intention)
Barriers
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Initial Set of ConstructsConstructs # of Items
Health CommunicationSocial ties/interpersonal channels 17Media exposure 10Internet usage (general) 25Source outcomes 8Message discrimination 9Information seeking 20Channel credibility, reliance 15Information efficacy 5Other 1
Cancer Knowledge, AttitudesPersonal risk 2Preventability 5Relative prevalence 3Desire to change/barriers to Change 27Myths and Misinformation 7Specific cancer knowledge 38
Cancer-Related BehaviorsScreening (Breast, Cervical, Colon, Prostate)Alcohol consumption 4Exercise 10Fruits and vegetables 14Weight control 3Tobacco Use 30
Individual CharacteristicsCancer history/ health status 18Demographics 19Access to health care 35
Timing: 65 Minutes
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Conducted Extensive Pre-testing
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ScreenerHealth
Communication
Internet Users
Cancer InformationSeekers
CancerHistory
GeneralCancer
Knowledge
Cancer Related Behaviors• Tobacco• Alcohol• Fruits/Veg.• Exercise• Height/Weight
HealthStatus
Demographics
• Colon *• Prostate *• Skin†
Men 45+
• Prostate *• Skin †Men 35-44
• Skin †Men 18-34
•Colon *•Breast *•Cervical †
•Skin †
Women 45+
•Breast *•Cervical †
•Skin †
Women 35-44
•Cervical †
•Skin †Women 18-34
Reduced, Reworked Structure
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Streamlined Coverage: 30+ Minutes
Category and Topic Area# of
Questions
Household Screener 11
Health Communication 34
Cancer History/General Cancer Knowledge
16
Cancer-Specific Risk / ScreeningColon cancerBreast cancerCervical cancerProstate cancer
281358
Primary Cancer Risk Behaviors 29
Health Status and Demographics 14
Total number of survey questions:
158
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Data Sharing andDissemination
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Dissemination
Data Users (Richard Moser)
Clean, prepare data for dissemination
Conduct internal research on NCI priorities
Release data set to extramural community
Support scientific publication & research
Results Users (Kelly Blake)
Coordinate with NCI Office of Communication
Conduct needs analysis (APHA)
Produce information products
Distribute to targeted audiences
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Data Sharing
• Posted data for download, Feb. 2004
http://cancer.gov/hints/
HINTSDatabaseSAS,SPSS
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Data Sharing
• Posted data for download, Feb. 2004
• Posted technical documentation
http://cancer.gov/hints/
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Data Sharing
• Posted data for download, Feb. 2004
• Posted technical documentation
• Hosting data users conference, Jan. 2005
http://cancer.gov/hints/
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Creating Informatics Support for Public & Researchers
HINTSDatabaseSAS,SPSS
How many hours do Americans watch Television?
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Working with Results Users
How can I use findings to communicate to the public better?
Creating KnowledgeProducts
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HINTS II and Beyond
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Source: Hiatt & Rimer (1999)Source: Hiatt & Rimer (1999)
NCI Strategic Framework
InterventionResearch
Application &Program Delivery
FundamentalResearch
SurveillanceResearch
Reducing the Cancer Burden
KnowledgeSynthesis
InterventionResearch
Application &Program Delivery
FundamentalResearch
SurveillanceResearch
Reducing the Cancer Burden
KnowledgeSynthesis
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Goal: Retain 50% of Survey for Surveillance Purposes
Source: Hiatt & Rimer (1999)Source: Hiatt & Rimer (1999)
InterventionResearch
Application &Program Delivery
FundamentalResearch
SurveillanceResearch
Reducing the Cancer Burden
KnowledgeSynthesis
InterventionResearch
Application &Program Delivery
FundamentalResearch
SurveillanceResearch
Reducing the Cancer Burden
KnowledgeSynthesis
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Goal: Dedicate Remaining Space to New Research Ideas
Media Exposure,Seeking/Scanning
Lay Models of Cancer
Social Support,Health Disparities
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Goal: Offer Complement to Laboratory Science
Source: Hiatt & Rimer (1999)Source: Hiatt & Rimer (1999)
InterventionResearch
Application &Program Delivery
FundamentalResearch
SurveillanceResearch
Reducing the Cancer Burden
KnowledgeSynthesis
InterventionResearch
Application &Program Delivery
FundamentalResearch
SurveillanceResearch
Reducing the Cancer Burden
KnowledgeSynthesis
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Goal: Monitor Effects of New Communication Media
Source: Hiatt & Rimer (1999)Source: Hiatt & Rimer (1999)
InterventionResearch
Application &Program Delivery
FundamentalResearch
SurveillanceResearch
Reducing the Cancer Burden
KnowledgeSynthesis
InterventionResearch
Application &Program Delivery
FundamentalResearch
SurveillanceResearch
Reducing the Cancer Burden
KnowledgeSynthesis
Attributes•Demassified•Decentralized•Interactive•Adaptable•Connected
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Goal: Advance Methods & Science Relevant to New Media
Total Survey Error:• ε coverage• ε sampling• ε response rates• ε measurement
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Goal: Use Informatics Approach to Enable “Big Science”
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Dates to Remember
• Feb. 14, 2005: H2 in field
• Sept. 30, 2005: Data delivered to NCI
• Oct. 1, 2005: H3 development begins
• March 30, 2006: Public release H2
• May 1, 2006: H3 frozen
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Have We Enabled Behavior?
Tell me how much you agree or disagree with the following statements
Strongly Agree
Somewhat Agree
Somewhat Disagree
Strongly Disagree
“It seems like almost everything causes cancer.”
11% 40% 31% 18%
“There’s not much people can do to lower their chances of getting cancer.”
6% 22% 36% 36%
“There are so many different recommendations about preventing cancer, it’s hard to know which ones to follow.”
36% 41% 15% 9%
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The NCI 2015 challenge goal:… eliminate death and suffering due to cancer
“When I look into the eyes of a patient losing the battle with cancer, I say to myself, It doesn’t have to be this way.”
Dr. A.C. von Eschenbach, M.D.Director, National Cancer Institute
The Nation’s Investment in Cancer Research (2003)